0～3岁儿童口腔保健模式的建立

目的探讨0～3岁儿童口腔保健模式建立的可行方案。方法试验组60例从母亲妊娠期开始实施口腔健康教育,孩子出生后定期口腔检查并进行个体化健康教育,采取相应的预防干预措施;对照组60例则未采取上述措施。试验组儿童3岁左右与对照组的3岁儿童进行口腔检查,并对两组幼儿的母亲问卷调查结果予以评估。数据采用EpiData3．0录入,应用SPSS12．0完成数据分析。结果两组幼儿母亲口腔保健知识知晓情况比较,试验组正确率为66．3％,对照组正确率为48．9％,13项目知识指标中有9项（P〈0．05）,两组差异有统计学意义;幼儿龋患情况比较,试验组幼儿龋患率为10％,龋均为0．45;对照组幼儿龋患率为25％,龋均为1．217,两组龋患率比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论该项目健康教育与行为干预模式效果明显,具有可行性,值得推广应用。     

社区健康管理的模式探索

社区卫生服务以社区、家庭和居民为服务对象,主要承担疾病预防等公共卫生服务和一般常见病、多发病的基本医疗服务.本文根据社区卫生服务的定位和特点探索了健康管理和基本医疗的"分离模式",并对社区健康管理的发展提出了思考,以期为城市社区卫生服务工作者提供借鉴.     

中医药大学生学习状况满意度的相关分析——大学生学习心理调查分析之三

编制大学生学习状况调查问卷（信度0．688,效标效度为0．775）,以北京中医药大学中药学院本科生和研究生为抽样框,收集389份有效问卷。运用频数、相关系数和非参数差异比较检验等统计分析方法。对大学生的学习状况满意度和相关的学习心理素质进行调查分析。研究结果显示：50．5％的被调查学生对自己目前的学习状况感到不满意,约占被调查学生的一半,这个比例大大超过了一般社会现象正态分布中两端分布约各为I／3的分布比例。同时,这个分布比例与笔者在新疆医科大学的调查结论相似;在学习思维模式上,学生并没有形成有利于专业学科学习的客观思维模式;75．0％的学生并不感受到学习问题所带来的学习压力,55．1％的学生体验到强烈的社会压力．     

从奥运食品安全保障浅析食品监管模式

作者介绍了2008年北京奥运会的食品安全保障情况,结合我国目前食品监管模式特点,对我国的食品监管模式存在的问题进行分析,同时借鉴国外成熟的监管经验,对今后我国食品安全监管工作提出建议和展望。     

我省长学制医学教育的回顾与思考

我省七年制医学教育开办了近20年,为社会培养了一批深受欢迎、质量较好和具有较高综合素质的高层次医学人才。建立与我省经济发展水平相适应的以五年制为主体、重点发展八年制的医学教育学制体系,是我省高等医学教育发展的必然趋势。     

Predictive value of histopathologic parameters in early squamous cell carcinoma of oral tongue

The clinical course of early squamous cell carcinoma of oral tongue (OTSCC) is unpredictable and various histopathologic parameters of the primary tumour have been suggested as prognostic factors to be used in clinical decision-making. We reviewed clinicopathologic data of 73 patients diagnosed with Stage I–II OTSCC. Predictive value of pathological T-stage, depth of infiltration, grade, and mode of invasion with respect to local recurrences, occult cervical metastases, and disease specific survival (DSS) was analysed. Depth of infiltration and pT-stage significantly predicted occult nodal disease, while only pT-stage predicted local recurrence. Specific cut-off value for depth of infiltration separating high-risk and low-risk patients was not found. Significant correlations between the histopathologic parameters and DSS were not found. We conclude that depth of infiltration predicted occult nodal disease but its value in clinical decision-making is limited because of poor specificity when using a cut-off value that offers reasonable sensitivity for finding the patients with occult nodal disease. The risk for occult metastases and local recurrence was high in patients with pT2 tumours.     

Further evidence against a direct genotoxic mode of action for arsenic-induced cancer

Arsenic in drinking water, a mixture of arsenite and arsenate, is associated with increased skin and other cancers in Asia and Latin America, but not the United States. Arsenite alone in drinking water does not cause skin cancers in experimental animals; therefore, it is not a complete carcinogen in skin. We recently showed that low concentrations of arsenite enhanced the tumorigenicity of solar UV irradiation in hairless mice, suggesting arsenic cocarcinogenesis with sunlight in skin cancer and perhaps with different carcinogenic partners for lung and bladder tumors. Cocarcinogenic mechanisms could include blocking DNA repair, stimulating angiogenesis, altering DNA methylation patterns, dysregulating cell cycle control, induction of aneuploidy and blocking apoptosis. Arsenicals are documented clastogens but not strong mutagens, with weak mutagenic activity reported at highly toxic concentrations of inorganic arsenic. Previously, we showed that arsenite, but not monomethylarsonous acid (MMA[III]), induced delayed mutagenesis in HOS cells. Here, we report new data on the mutagenicity of the trivalent methylated arsenic metabolites MMA(III) and dimethylarsinous acid [DMA(III)] at the gpt locus in Chinese hamster G12 cells. Both methylated arsenicals seemed mutagenic with apparent sublinear dose responses. However, significant mutagenesis occurred only at highly toxic concentrations of MMA(III). Most mutants induced by MMA(III) and DMA(III) exhibited transgene deletions. Some non-deletion mutants exhibited altered DNA methylation. A critical discussion of cell survival leads us to conclude that clastogenesis occurs primarily at highly cytotoxic arsenic concentrations, casting further doubt as to whether a genotoxic mode of action (MOA) for arsenicals is supportable.     

全程护理干预对降低初产妇负性分娩体验以及分娩方式的影响研究

目的：讨论全程护理干预对降低初产妇负性分娩体验以及分娩方式的影响。方法：选择2022年1月至2022年6月来我院产科分娩的400例初产妇,随机分组各200例,对照组施以常规产科护理,研究组施以全程护理,观察两组的干预结局。结果：研究组的自然分娩率(66.00%)高于对照组(48.00%),P＜0.05。干预前两组HAMA与HAMD评分相匹配,P＞0.05。干预后HAMA与HAMD评分比干预前低,P＜0.05。干预后研究组的HAMA与HAMD评分比对照组低,P＜0.05。研究组的不良妊娠发生率(2.00%)低于对照组(7.00%),P＜0.05。研究组的护理依从率(98.00%)高于对照组(90.50%),P＜0.05。结论：全程护理干预可改善初产妇的负性分娩体验与分娩方式、妊娠结局,值得应用推广。     

医院迁建工程的地源热泵系统设计

地源热泵室外地埋管系统与常规“电制冷＋燃气锅炉”相比，具有显著的节能减排效益。文章通过工程实践，具体地统计出一所医院全年生产卫生热水及冬季空调用热的数量，为实现节能减排的目标提供了科学数据。     

归国劳务人员传染病监测模式的探讨

目的 了解归国劳务人员患传染病状况，探讨其监测模式的防治对策；方法 选择某劳务工司，对归国劳务人员实施了HIV抗体、RPR抗体、HBsAg检测和胸部透视检查，根据结果作原因分析，寻找适合归国劳务人员传染病监测的途径；结果 某劳务公司1996年至2000年底派往新加坡、牙买加、毛里求斯等国归国劳务人员960名，健康检查680名，检出RPR抗体阳性3例、HBsAg阳性29例；结论 提示要加大加强对归国劳务人员的传染病监测工作，防止传染病的传入和传播，在加强出境劳务人员传染病防治知识宣传教育的同时，认真履行归国劳务人员传染病监测的法律法规，建议政府尽快制定劳务人员归国后自觉接受体检的管理办法和具体措施。