心理训练对高特质焦虑新兵生理指标和考核成绩的影响

目的研究心理训练对高特质焦虑新兵考核时生理指标和成绩的影响。方法采用个人评价问卷（PEI）、状态．特质焦虑问卷（STAI）和简易应对方式问卷对参加考核的新兵实施团体测试。将被试者分为对照组、低特质焦虑组、高特质焦虑组和干预组，对干预组进行自我评价、潜能开发、团队精神强化、应对方式的心理训练。测试考核前后生理指标差值及考核成绩的变化。结果干预组新兵军事考核前后收缩压、舒张压和脉搏三项生理差值与考核成绩明显优于高特质焦虑组（P〈0．05）。结论系统的心理训练可有效改善新兵对应激情景的生理和心理反应，提高作业绩效。     

美、德、比利时的军官心理选拔

文章以美国、德国和比利时军官心理选拔的研究现状为切入点，详细介绍了这三个国家军官心理选拔的历史背景、方法、工具、内容、标准以及策略，旨在为未来国内的相关研究提供参考。     

军校研究生自我效能感和主观幸福感的关系研究

目的探讨军校研究生自我效能感与主观幸福感之间的关系。方法采用幸福感指数量表和自我效能感问卷对281名军校研究生进行调查。结果①军校研究生的自我效能感与正性情感、负性情感和总体幸福感存在显著的相关关系，与生活满意度相关不显著；②高自我效能感和低自我效能感组在正性情感、负性情感和总体幸福感上均存在着显著的差异；③自我效能感分别进入正性情感、负性情感和总体幸福感的回归方程，对其均有较好的预测作用，其中对正，巨情感的预测更佳。结论军校研究生的自我效能感与正性情感、负性情感和总体幸福感存在显著的相关关系，对其有较好的预测作用，其中自我效能感与正性情感成分联系更为密切，预测作用更佳。     

History of pandemic H1N1-containing influenza vaccination and risk for spontaneous abortion and birth defects

BackgroundOne recent study suggested an association between receipt of pandemic H1N1 (pH1N1)-containing vaccines in consecutive influenza seasons and spontaneous abortion, but corroborating scientific evidence is limited. In the present study, we leveraged a population of vaccine-compliant pregnant military women to examine history of pH1N1-containing influenza vaccination and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Because seasonal influenza vaccination is compulsory for military service, safety concerns regarding repeat vaccination are particularly relevant in this population.MethodsPregnancies and live births from Department of Defense Birth and Infant Health Research program data were linked with military personnel immunization records to identify women vaccinated with a pH1N1-containing vaccine in pregnancy prior to 21 6/7 weeks’ gestation, October 2009–April 2015. Cox and modified Poisson regression models estimated associations between vaccination with pH1N1- versus non–pH1N1-containing influenza vaccine in the season prior to the index pregnancy, and spontaneous abortion and birth defects, respectively. Cox models were calculated for two periods of follow-up: through (1) 21 6/7 weeks’ gestation and (2) 28 days postvaccination.ResultsOf 26,264 pregnancies, 21,736 (82.8%) were among women who received a dose of pH1N1-containing vaccine in the prior influenza season and 4,528 (17.2%) were among women who received non–pH1N1-containing vaccine in the prior influenza season. Among 23,121 infants, 19,365 (83.8%) and 3,756 (16.2%) had mothers exposed and unexposed to pH1N1-containing vaccine in the prior influenza season, respectively. The adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) for spontaneous abortion approximated 1.0 across the complete follow-up period (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.89–1.13) and was slightly elevated when censored at 28 days postvaccination, though the CI was imprecise (aHR: 1.19; 95% CI: 0.97–1.46). No associations with birth defects were observed.ConclusionThis work lends additional safety evidence and support for vaccination against pH1N1 in pregnancy, regardless of the vaccine received in the prior influenza season.     

持续性正加速度致意识丧失的机理及其监测

正在加速度引起的意识丧失（Ｇ－ＬＯＣ）是当胶威胁飞行安全的主要因素。综述了Ｇ＿ＬＯＣ的机理及其生理监测,慢增长率正加速度导致的意识丧失的机理主要大脑缺血／缺氧;快增长率正加速度导致物意识丧失可能与颅内高应力有关,但缺直接的实验证据。用于Ｇ－ＬＯＣ监测的生理指标中,眼水平动脉血压、脑氧饱和度等可能具有重要作用。     

The Effects of 10 Weeks Military Training on Heel Ultrasound and Bone Turnover

To measure the physiological changes in bone in response to strenuous exercise we performed a prospective study of male army recruits over 10 weeks of basic training. Measurements performed at the start and completion of training consisted of ultrasound (US) measurements of the heel: velocity of sound (VOS in m/seconds) and broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA in dB/MHz) and bone turnover markers; osteocalcin (OC), bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP), and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP). Forty subjects were recruited for the study and 26 completed training. Over the 10-week study period there was a significant 1.7% fall in mean VOS [mean paired difference (mpd) 27.2 m/second, SEM 9.5 (95% CI 7.5–46.8) P= 0.009] and a nonsignificant 3.4% increase in BUA (P= 0.159). There were significant falls in markers of bone formation OC [11.6%, mpd 0.11 μg/liter (95% CI 0.07–0.14) P < 0.001] and BALP [13.3%, mpd 3.49 U/liter (CI 0.80–6.18) P= 0.013] and a nonsignificant 9.5% fall in TRAP a marker of bone resorption. The 10 recruits subsequently injured had a significantly lower VOS on entry [mean difference 24.2 m/seconds (95% CI 4.6–43.7) P= 0.017] and nonsignificantly raised BUA and baseline levels of all bone markers. The ultrasound changes may be accounted for by increase in trabecular separation and a fall in trabecular connectivity due to microfracture. The decrease in bone markers implies a fall in bone turnover. Received: 26 June 1997 / Accepted: 26 August 1998     

40所军队医院病种病例分型质量评价结果分析

应用病例分型质量费用监控管理软件和ＳＡＳ６．１２统计软件包,对４０所军队医院５０万份病例样本资料进行深入分析,结果显示：病例分型组合数据稳定,分析结果合理。     

军医大学各类学生学习动机强度比较

目的:比较军医大学各类学生的学习动机,为教育管理部门提供依据。方法:应用学习动机简易评定量表,横向比较本科生、八年制、研究生等不同类别学生的学习动机强度,并进行前后5年的纵向追踪。结果:(1)2010年该军医大学各类学生学习动机有统计学差异(F=82.489,P0.001),SNK检验研究生学习动机(2.16)高于本科生(1.86)和八年制学生(1.94)。2015年第二次调查,军医大学各类学生学习动机未见统计学差异(F=4.150,P=0.06)。(2)2015年相比2010年,该军医大学学生总体学习动机没有统计学差异(F=0.458,P=0.499),但本科生的学习动机有所提高(F=31.080,P0.001),研究生的学习动机有所下降(F=11.090,P=0.001)。结论:军医大学各类学生学习动机差别不大,比较稳定;针对薄弱的学生群体,寻找提升学习动机的对策。     

高等军事医学院校教师工作绩效评价

[目的]通过对2所高等军事医学院校教师相关指标进行调查,探讨建立高等军事医学院校人才评价方法及评价指标体系.[方法]运用两因素等级相关分析、指标聚类分析,确定有代表性的指标；用矩阵法求个人综合得分划分层次.[结果]入选的8项评价指标为:军区或总部级研究所或中心、全军级研究所或中心、为首国内核心期刊发表论文数等.[结论]在高等军事医学院校进行教师人才评价及选拔优秀人才过程中,该评价方法及指标体系是可行的.