LCBDE+LC与ERCP+LC治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石的网状Meta分析

目的 近年来,腹腔镜胆囊切除术（LC）、腹腔镜胆总管探查术（LCBDE）、内镜逆行胰胆管造影术（ERCP）普遍应用于胆系结石的治疗,本Meta分析比较了三种治疗胆囊结石合并胆管结石的手术方式的疗效及安全性,即LCBDE+LC、术前ERCP（PreERCP）+LC、术中ERCP（IntraERCP）+LC。方法 计算机检索Medline、PubMed、Cochrane Library、Embase数据库,查找1990—2019年关于LCBDE+LC、PreERCP+LC、IntraERCP+LC治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石的随机对照试验（RCT）研究。按照纳入与排除标准,选择文献、评价质量、提取数据,采用Stata软件进行网状Meta分析。计算累积排序概率曲线下面积（SUCRA）,用于预测各手术方式的有效性及安全性,主要结局指标为结石清除率,病死率,胰腺炎、胆漏、出血,以及中转开腹率。结果 共有19篇RCT研究纳入分析,共计2 627例患者。网状Meta分析结果显示：（1）结石清除率：IntraERCP+LC优于LCBDE+LC、PreERCP+LC,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;（2）病死率：LCBDE+LC、PreERCP+LC、IntraERCP+LC三者之间的差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;（3）胰腺炎：PreERCP+LC的发生率高于LCBDE+LC、IntraERCP+LC,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;（4）出血：LCBDE+LC、PreERCP+LC、IntraERCP+LC三者之间的差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;（5）胆漏：LCBDE+LC的发生率高于PreERCP+LC、IntraERCP+LC,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;（6）中转开腹率：PreERCP+LC与IntraERCP+LC、LCBDE+LC与IntraERCP+LC之间的差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）,而LCBDE+LC发生率高于PreERCP+LC,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 LCBDE+LC、PreERCP+LC、IntraERCP+LC三种手术方式均可用于治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石,其中IntraERCP+LC的结石清除率最高,LCBDE+LC的胆漏风险较大,而PreERCP+LC的胰腺炎风险最高。     

Systematic review of outcomes and meta-analysis of risk factors for prognosis after liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma without cirrhosis

Long-term overall survival (OS) after liver resection for non-cirrhotic hepatocellular carcinoma (NCHCC) has been reported recently. The aim of this study was to review outcomes systematically and analyze risk factors for survival after surgical resection for HCC without cirrhosis. A literature search was performed of the PubMed and Embase databases for papers published between January 1995 and October 2012, which focused on hepatic resection for HCC without underlying cirrhosis. Cochrane systematic review methodology was used for this review. Outcomes were OS, operative mortality and disease-free survival (DFS). Pooled hazard ratios (HR) were calculated using the random effects model for parameters considered as potential prognostic factors. Totally, 26 retrospective case series were eligible for inclusion. The 1-, 3- and 5-year OS rate after surgical resection of NCHCC ranged from 62% to 100%, 46.3%–78.0%, and 30%–64%, respectively. The corresponding DFS rates ranged from 48.7% to 84%, 31.0%–66.0%, and 24.0%–58.0%, respectively. Five variables were related to poor survival: multiple tumors (HR 1.68, 95%CI 1.25–2.11); larger tumor size (HR 2.66, 95%CI 1.69–3.63); non-clear resection margin (R0 resection) (HR 3.52, 95%CI 1.63–5.42); poor tumor stage (HR 2.61, 95%CI 1.64–3.58); and invasion of the lymphatic vessels (HR 4.85, 95%CI 2.67–7.02). In sum, hepatic resection provides excellent OS rates for patients with NCHCC, and results have tended to improve recently. Risk factors for poor prognosis comprise multiple tumors, lager tumor size, non-R0 resection and invasion of the lymphatic vessels.     

Comparison of extreme lateral approach with posterior approach in the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases: A meta-analysis of clinical and imaging findings

ObjectiveTo compare clinical and imaging findings between extreme lateral lumbar interbody fusion (XLIF) and posterior fusion (PF) via meta-analysis for the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases.MethodsEnglish papers reporting clinical and imaging findings for the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases with XLIF and PF published electronically in the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases from January 2006 to August 2019 were retrieved. Two authors independently extracted data and evaluated the quality of the included literature. Meta-analysis of outcome measures was performed using Stata 14 and RevMan 5.3 software.ResultsThis meta-analysis included 744 patients from nine studies, two of which were prospective studies, while the others were retrospective studies. The quality of each study was determined to be high. The meta-analysis showed no significant differences in the operative time, length of hospital stay, clinical effectiveness, and improvement in postoperative global sagittal alignment between two approaches (P > 0.05). However, XLIF was significantly better than PF in reducing intraoperative blood loss and recovery of local sagittal alignment (P < 0.05). Moreover, the high incidence of postoperative complications were detected in XLIF group (P < 0.05).ConclusionsBoth surgical approaches have equally promising clinical effectiveness for the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases. Although XLIF can reduce intraoperative blood loss and obtain better postoperative local sagittal alignment than PF, the high incidence of postoperative complications should prompt us to consider why XLIF procedure is still being offered to our patients and how we can reduce these complications. In addition, any conclusions should be taken with caution because of the mix of prospective and retrospective studies, and the high heterogeneity and bias.     

阿帕替尼和替吉奥对结肠癌治疗效果的系统评价和Meta分析

目的通过系统评价和Meta分析探讨阿帕替尼与替吉奥对比治疗结肠癌的有效性和安全性。方法以"阿帕替尼""替吉奥""结肠癌""等为中文关键词,以"Apatinib""Tegafur""Colon cancer"等为英文关键词,检索PubMed,Cochrane Library,Embase,Web of Science,中国知网、中国生物医学文献服务系统、维普数据库、万方数据知识服务平台,时间限制在从建库到2020年12月。评价阿帕替尼和替吉奥对结肠癌的总体疗效,结肠癌进展和无进展生存期的差异。研究采用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果Meta分析结果显示,阿帕替尼与替吉奥对结肠癌的疗效相比,部分缓解+稳定的差异没有统计学意义(RR=1.10,95%CI,0.71~1.71,P=0.640),在结肠癌进展方面的差异没有统计学意义(RR=0.51,95%CI:0.28~1.32,P=0.205),在无进展生存期方面阿帕替尼组大于替吉奥组,差异具有统计学意义(SMD=0.90,95%CI;0.42~1.37,P<0.0001)。结论相较于替吉奥,阿帕替尼用于治疗结肠癌患者能明显延长无进展生存期,总体生存效益有所提高。     

Novel glucose-lowering drugs for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

BACKGROUNDThe efficacy of novel glucose-lowering drugs in treating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is unknown.AIMTo evaluate the efficacy of glucose-lowering drugs dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs), and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors in treating NAFLD and to perform a comparison between these treatments.METHODSElectronic databases were systematically searched. The inclusion criteria were: Randomized controlled trials comparing DPP-4 inhibitors, GLP-1 RAs, or SGLT2 inhibitors against placebo or other active glucose-lowering drugs in NAFLD patients, with outcomes of changes in liver enzyme [alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and/or aspartate aminotransferase (AST)] from baseline.RESULTSNineteen studies were finally included in this meta-analysis. Compared with placebo or other active glucose-lowering drug treatment, treatment with DPP-4 inhibitors, GLP-1 RAs, and SGLT2 inhibitors all led to a significant decrease in ALT change and AST change from baseline. The difference between the DPP-4 inhibitor and SGLT2 inhibitor groups in ALT change was significant in favor of DPP-4 inhibitor treatment (P < 0.05). The trends of reduction in magnetic resonance imaging proton density fat fraction and visceral fat area changes were also observed in all the novel glucose-lowering agent treatment groups.CONCLUSIONTreatment with DPP-4 inhibitors, GLP-1 RAs, and SGLT2 inhibitors resulted in improvements in serum ALT and AST levels and body fat composition, indicating a beneficial effect in improving liver injury and reducing liver fat in NAFLD patients.     

中国健康人群水痘-带状疱疹病毒抗体水平的Meta分析

目的 本文旨在系统分析和评价中国健康人群水痘-带状疱疹病毒（VZV）IgG抗体水平。方法 系统检索CNKI、万方、CBM以及PubMed数据库有关中国健康人群VZV IgG抗体水平的研究,检索时限为2000年1月1日至2020年11月3日。使用澳大利亚循证卫生保健中心Joanna Briggs Institute（JBI）横断面研究评价工具对纳入的研究进行质量评价,使用Stata 14.0软件进行分析,并对不同年龄、省份、地区、性别、年代人群VZV IgG抗体水平进行分层分析。结果 共纳入59篇文献（中文51篇、英文8篇）。质量评分为8分的22篇,7分的16篇,6分的15篇,5分的6篇。Meta分析结果显示,中国健康人群VZV IgG抗体阳性率为64%（95% CI：60%~67%,I²=98.7%）。文献涉及国内22个地区的IgG抗体水平,其中云南省VZV IgG抗体阳性率最高（79%,95% CI：64%~93%,I²=94.7%）;内蒙古自治区最低（50%,95% CI：46%~54%）。从不同地理分区来看,东北地区VZV IgG抗体阳性率最高,为71%（95% CI：69%~73%）;华东地区最低,为62%（95% CI：57%~67%）。此外,城镇人口VZV IgG抗体阳性率高于农村人口（RR=1.08,95% CI：1.04~1.11）;女性VZV IgG抗体阳性率高于男性（RR=1.10,95% CI：1.08~1.11）。随着年龄增长,中国人群VZV IgG抗体阳性率在逐年增加;随着抽样时间变化,VZV IgG抗体阳性率也有所增加。结论 中国健康人群VZV IgG抗体阳性率相对较低,未来需要提高疫苗接种率以控制水痘暴发和降低发病率。     

2型糖尿病患者并发轻度认知功能障碍危险因素的Meta分析

目的 系统评价2型糖尿病患者并发轻度认知功能障碍的危险因素。方法 检索CNKI、WanFang、VIP、CBM、Medline(PubMed)、EMbase、Web of Science和The Cochrane Library 数据库从建库至2020年12月2日有关2型糖尿病患者并发轻度认知功能障碍危险因素的所有文献后进行Meta分析。结果 共纳入文献18篇,研究对象3083例。各危险因素的合并OR(95%CI)为:年龄1.20(1.09,1.33)、文化程度0.67(0.55,0.82)、吸烟史1.41(0.69,2.89)、糖尿病病程1.17(1.06,1.29)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)1.33(1.09,1.62)、空腹血葡萄糖(fasting blood glucose,FBG)0.88(0.75,1.03)、空腹血清C肽(Fasting c-peptide,FCP)0.41(0.16,1.04)、餐后2h血糖(2h plasma glucose,2hPG)1.90(0.52,6.87)、低密度脂蛋白胆同醇(LDL-C)1.42(1.26,1.59)、超敏C反应蛋白(high sensitive C reactive protein,hs-CRP)1.52(1.06,2.20)、胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)1.00(0.48,2.08)、冠心病2.57(1.93,3.43)、高血压2.58(1.62,4.13)、周围神经病变1.10(0.10,12.57)。结论 高龄、文化程度低、糖尿病病程长、高HbA1c、高LDL-C、高hs-CRP、冠心病、高血压是2型糖尿病患者并发轻度认知功能障碍的主要危险因素。     

妊娠期糖尿病与产后抑郁关系的Meta分析

目的 系统评价妊娠期糖尿病与产后抑郁的关系。方法 检索Embase、Cochrane Library、PubMed、Web of Science、PsycINFO、中国知网、万方及维普数据库中探讨糖尿病与产后抑郁关系的研究,时限均从建库至2020年7月1日。同时对最终纳入的文献进行数据提取与质量评价,并采用Stata 14.0软件进行Meta分析。结果 最终纳入13项队列研究,共计736598名患者。文献质量评价均处于中高水平。Meta分析结果显示:妊娠期糖尿病与产后抑郁呈显著相关性（OR=2.02,95%CI: 1.44～2.81,P<0.001）。亚组分析显示:不同研究地区或国家［伊朗(OR=2.04)、美国(OR=1.47)、欧洲(OR=2.60)］、糖尿病诊断依据［临床诊断(OR=2.02)、自我报告(OR=1.87)］、产后抑郁评估期［产后6周及以下(OR=2.00)、产后6周以上(OR=2.14)］、抑郁测量工具［EPDS (OR=2.05)、ICD (OR=1.57)］中妊娠期糖尿病均与产后抑郁呈显著相关性。结论 产妇妊娠期糖尿病与产后抑郁具有显著相关性,糖尿病是产后抑郁的危险因素。