白藜芦醇的制备方法研究进展

白藜芦醇是一种含有芪类结构的非黄酮类多酚化合物,在医药和食品工业中应用广泛,需求量大幅增加。本文综述了白藜芦醇的制备方法研究进展,包括天然植物提取法、化学合成法、生物工程技术法等,为进一步开发利用白藜芦醇提供依据。     

植物固醇在脂质体中的应用研究进展

脂质体作为药物载体,由于其具有靶向性、可降低药物毒性等优点而备受关注。本文在阐述固醇分子在脂质体中的作用、脂质体液态有序相的特征、脂筏定义的基础上综述了植物细胞中脂筏的发现及植物固醇代替胆固醇作为脂质体膜材的必要性和可行性等相关问题的研究进展。     

Hypoglycemic activity of medicinal plants

The hypoglycemic activity of water extracts of fifty six medicinal plants were evaluated in the streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Twelve medicinal plants have significantly antidiabetic activity; Mori Radicis Cortex, Kwang Fang Chi Radix, Paeoniae Radix, Eugeniae Flos, Atractylodis Rhizoma, Ophiopogonis Tuber, Rosae multiflorae Fructus, Glycyrrhizae Radix, Tetrapanacis Medulla, Bigno, Forsythiae Fructus and Sophorae Radix.     

Active site of trichosanthin acting as a ribosome-inactivating protein

天花粉蛋白核糖体灭活活性部位的定位方法：羟胺特异裂解天花粉蛋白唯一ＡｓｎＧｌｙ肽键．制备性凝胶电泳获ＨＡＴｆ１和ＨＡＴｆ２二片段．免疫印迹确定天花粉蛋白上不同表位并筛选抗体．兔网织红无细胞系统测定天花粉蛋白及片段对蛋白合成的抑制活性．结果：ＨＡＴｆ１和ＨＡＴｆ２纯度各达９６６％和８０５％．ＨＡＴｆ１保留完整天花粉蛋白的抑制活性．第１４号和第１６号抗天花粉蛋白单抗与二片段显示不同免疫反应性，并用于封闭试验．第１４号单抗能封闭天花粉蛋白及ＨＡＴｆ１活性，而第１６号单抗则否．结论：天花粉蛋白抑制蛋白质生物合成的活性部位位于ＨＡＴｆ１侧，近二部分交界．     

DNA分析技术及其在药用植物分析中的应用

DNA分析技术作为一种先进的遗传标记已被广泛应用于药用植物品种及亲缘关系的鉴定、道地性、资源评定、多样性保护、辅助育种等方面的研究中,对于药用植物的开发、利用及保护起到了重要的作用。     

Defective RNA Particles of Plant Viruses—Origin,Structure and Role in Pathogenesis

The genomes of RNA viruses may be monopartite or multipartite, and sub-genomic particles such as defective RNAs (D RNAs) or satellite RNAs (satRNAs) can be associated with some of them. D RNAs are small, deletion mutants of a virus that have lost essential functions for independent replication, encapsidation and/or movement. D RNAs are common elements associated with human and animal viruses, and they have been described for numerous plant viruses so far. Over 30 years of studies on D RNAs allow for some general conclusions to be drawn. First, the essential condition for D RNA formation is prolonged passaging of the virus at a high cellular multiplicity of infection (MOI) in one host. Second, recombination plays crucial roles in D RNA formation. Moreover, during virus propagation, D RNAs evolve, and the composition of the particle depends on, e.g., host plant, virus isolate or number of passages. Defective RNAs are often engaged in transient interactions with full-length viruses—they can modulate accumulation, infection dynamics and virulence, and are widely used, i.e., as a tool for research on cis-acting elements crucial for viral replication. Nevertheless, many questions regarding the generation and role of D RNAs in pathogenesis remain open. In this review, we summarise the knowledge about D RNAs of plant viruses obtained so far.     

宁波市某火力发电厂员工免疫功能检测结果分析

[目的] 探讨长期职业暴露对发电厂员工免疫功能的影响。[方法] 采用美国BD公司的FAC-SCalibur流式细胞仪检测技术和免疫比浊法,对200例发电厂员工(暴露组)和80例正常健康体检人员(对照组)的细胞免疫和体液免疫功能进行检测分析。[结果] 暴露组免疫球蛋白异常率为16.5%,高于对照组的7.5%(P<0.05)。CD3、CD4、CD8和CD4/CD8值均明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。暴露组外周血清中免疫球蛋白IgG、IgA的含量降低,与对照组相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。[结论] 长期发电厂环境下的职业暴露,T淋巴细胞亚群CD3、CD4、CD8和CD4/CD8值可能会降低,体液免疫功能也可能会降低。     

Transmission of Diverse Variants of Strawberry Viruses Is Governed by a Vector Species

Advances in high-throughput sequencing methods have boosted the discovery of multistrain viral infections in diverse plant systems. This phenomenon appears to be pervasive for certain viral species. However, our knowledge of the transmission aspects leading to the establishment of such mixed infections is limited. Recently, we reported a mixed infection of a single strawberry plant with strawberry mottle virus (SMoV), strawberry crinkle virus (SCV) and strawberry virus 1 (StrV-1). While SCV and StrV-1 are represented by two and three molecular variants, respectively, SmoV has three different RNA1 and RNA2 segments. In this study, we focus on virus acquisition by individual adult aphids of the Aphis gossypii, Aphis forbesi and Chaetosiphon fragaefolii species. Single-aphid transmission trials are performed under experimental conditions. Both different viruses and individual virus strains show varying performances in single aphid acquisition. The obtained data suggests that numerous individual transmission events lead to the establishment of multistrain infections. These data will be important for the development of epidemiological models in plant virology.     

变链菌葡糖基转移酶植物表达质粒p2355-gtfB、p2365-gtfB转化烟草研究

目的获得含变形链球菌葡糖基转移酶编码基因gtfB的转基因烟草植株。方法将携带变形链球菌葡糖基转移酶编码基因gtfB的植物表达载体p2355-gtfB、p2365-gtfB采用叶盘法经根癌农杆菌介导转化烟草,从而获得抗性烟草植株,并通过GUS染色、npt-Ⅱ基因和部分目的基因片段的PCR扩增对转基因烟草植株进行检测。结果抗性苗经GUS组织染色呈阳性,PCR扩增检测npt-Ⅱ基因及部分目的基因,表明获得了转基因烟草植株。结论目的基因已成功导入烟草基因组中,且具有快速鉴定转化株的优点。     

某新建2×600MW火电项目职业病危害控制效果评价

目的评价新建2×600 MW火电项目职业病危害控制效果。方法通过职业卫生现场调查、检测、职业健康检查作定性、定量评价,采用检查表法评价项目的选址、总体布局和设备布局。结果该项目选址、布局、职业病防护措施和辅助用室等基本符合国家有关法规标准,主要职业病危害因素为粉尘、噪声、高温和工频电场,经检测有2个粉尘作业点STEL超限值,4个粉尘作业点CTWAPC-TWA的2倍,6个岗位噪声8 h等效连续A声级超过职业接触限值,开关站工频电场强度超过5 kV/m。结论该项目为职业病危害严重的建设项目,职业病防护措施可行、有效,但需加强粉尘和噪声的职业病危害控制措施。