监护仪临床应用质量保障

通过对监护仪的质量检测与实验,掌握现有设备的质量状况;以检测和实验数据为基础,结合临床工作中出现的问题,分析得出与提高质量管理水平相关的结论,提出合理化建议,有利于通过科学管理,合理利用医疗设备资源,减少医院医疗设备重复投入,充分发挥医疗设备的使用率。     

EPM1000电子喉镜结构原理及保养与维修

主要介绍了EPM1000电子喉镜的结构原理、维护保养及故障维修。     

GE sytec3000球管打火故障和球管更换

分析了GE sytec3000CT机球管打火故障现象,并介绍了故障排除的过程。     

Does Intensive Treatment with High Dose Chlorambucil and Prednisone as First Line and Cladribine as Second Line Influence the Survival of the Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia?

Cladribine (2-CdA) and fludarabine are the new purine analogs introduced in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Despite the high response rate, their influence on survival is still uncertain. The aim of this study was a retrospective analysis and comparison of the response rate and survival of CLL patients treated with high dose chlorambucil (HDChl) as first and 2-CdA as second line, with an historical group of patients never treated with purine analogs who received standard doses of chlorambucil (SDChl). We analyzed 347 patients with CLL treated between January 1985 and January 2000. Group A (190 patients) received HDChl (12 mg/m²) with prednisone (P) 30 mg/m² daily for 7 days monthly as first line and in refractory or early relapsed patients 2-CdA (0.12 mg/kg/day) for 5 days with or without P (30mg/m²) as second line. Group B (157 patients) received continuous SDChl (4-8 mg/m²/day) and P as first line and COP or CHOP as second line. The overall response rate (OR) for the first line was 48,4% in group A and 38,9% in group B (p = 0.09). 148 patients in group A and 52 in group B received the second line treatment and the second OR was 19.6% and 13.5%, respectively (p=0.4). At the time of analysis, 124 patients died in group A and 139 in group B. Median survival was 65 months and 50 months, respectively. In group A, survival was longer in advanced Rai stage patients (p = 0.001) but in early Rai stage was similar for both groups (p = 0.4). We suggest that intensive treatment with HDChl as first line and 2-CdA as second line should be applied in more advanced rather than in less advanced stages of CLL until the final results of randomized clinical trials are available.     

Experimental occlusal interference induces long-term masticatory muscle hyperalgesia in rats

Temporomandibular joint or related masticatory muscle pain represents the most common chronic orofacial pain condition. Patients frequently report this kind of pain after dental alterations in occlusion. However, lack of understanding of the mechanisms of occlusion-related temporomandibular joint and muscle pain prevents treating this problem successfully. To explore the relationship between improper occlusion (occlusal interference) and masticatory muscle pain, we created an occlusal interference animal model by directly bonding a crown to a maxillary molar to raise the masticating surface of the tooth in rats. We raised the occlusal surface to three different heights (0.2, 0.4, and 0.6 mm), and for one month we quantitatively measured mechanical nociceptive thresholds of the temporal and masseter muscles on both sides. Results showed a stimulus–response relationship between the height of occlusal interference and muscle hyperalgesia. Removal of the crown 6 days after occlusal interference showed that the removal at this time could not terminate the 1 month duration of mechanical hyperalgesia in the masticatory muscles. Lastly, we systemically administered NMDA antagonist MK801 (0.2, 0.1, and 0.05 mg/kg) to the treated rats and found that MK801 dose dependently attenuated the occlusal interference-induced hyperalgesia. These findings suggest that occlusal interference is directly related to masticatory muscle pain, and that central sensitization mechanisms are involved in the maintenance of the occlusal interference-induced mechanical hyperalgesia.     

援坦人员口腔健康知识、态度、行为调查

目的评估援坦人员的口腔健康知识、态度和行为,为实施援外人员口腔健康促进计划提供基线资料。方法采用随机抽样的方法,对达累斯萨拉姆市的154名中方援助人员进行了口腔健康知识、态度、行为的问卷调查,并对资料进行卡方分析。结果只有39.0%的援外人员一天刷牙至少两次;只有31.4%的人员在出国前进行完善的口腔检查和治疗;85.1%的人员在坦桑尼亚出现压痛和不适不去就医,80.1%的人员是因为害怕艾滋病不去就医;48.3%和40.7%的人员有吸烟与饮酒的习惯。口腔健康知识、态度、行为水平的发展不平衡,不同性别、文化程度高低之间的差异在某些方面有统计学意义。结论援坦工作人员对口腔健康知识认识不足,态度较好,口腔健康行为有待改进。开展系统、定位援外人员的口腔健康促进计划有助于提高援外人员的口腔卫生认识能力与行为水平。     

Guide des pratiques pour le traitement de l''eau en unités d''autodialyse et à domicile

La dialyse doit être considérée comme une solution d'attente pour accéder a la transplantation. L'eau traitée in situ et utilisée de façon extemporanée pour la fabrication du dialysat, doit faire l'objet d'une vigilence de tous les instants. La grande difficul e réside à mettre en place un contrôle identique en centre, en autodialyse et à domicile. La qualité physicochimique et bactériologique, la maintenance curative et préventive font l'objet d'une parfaite traçabili e. Toute la surveillance est documentée et regroupée dans le manuel assurance-qualité . Une unité de production d'eau pour hémodialyse est un dispositif médical ; elle est donc gérée par du personnel formé et compétent.     

X光机限时电路常见故障检修

限时电路是X射线机重要组成部分，若一旦出现故障，不及时处理，将会导致严重的后果，故掌握维修要领显得十分重要。     

微量注射泵的工作原理及其应用

目的:通过对微量注射泵的原理及应用进行分析,深刻了解微量注射泵的工作原理,使其在应用中发挥更好的作用.方法:介绍微量注射泵的结构和原理以及在应用中注射速度设置的相关问题,分析日常使用中常出现的故障,提出日常维护方案.结果:通过给出微量注射泵速度设置的公式、介绍5个最常见故障实例,提出排除故障方法及日常维护方法.结论:微量注射泵作为一种重要的医疗设备已经在各级医院广泛应用,只有掌握好其性能、维护方法才能使其在医院治疗中发挥更好、更规范的作用.