Type A alternating Wenckebach periodicity in the re-entrant path of ventricular extrasystoles

A patient with ventricular extrasystoles is reported in whom Type A alternating Wenckebach periodicity in the re-entrant path of the extrasystoles is suggested for the first time. Namely, it appears that 2:1 exit block occurs at a proximal level in the re-entrant path and block of the Wenckebach form occurs at a distal level in the path. The presence of three-level block in the re-entrant path is also suggested in this patient.     

急性肺栓塞患者BNP、CTnI、D-dimer水平改变及其临床意义

【目的】探讨检测急性肺栓塞患者的血浆脑钠肽（BNP）、肌钙蛋白I（cTnI）及D‐二聚体（D‐dimer）水平变化的临床意义。【方法】选择本院2009年1月至2013年12月收治的急性肺栓塞患者64例,根据患者病情分为大面积肺栓塞组（ n ＝27）和非大面积肺栓塞组（ n ＝37）,对两组患者血浆cTnI、BNP及D‐dimer水平进行测定,观察比较两组患者各指标水平的变化及右心功能和病死率。【结果】大面积肺栓塞组BN P、血浆cTnI水平明显高于非大面积肺栓塞组,两组比较差异有显著性（ P ＜0．05）;两组D‐dimer浓度比较差异无统计学意义（ P ＞0．05）;大面积肺栓塞组的右心功能不全者和病死率均高于非大面积肺栓塞组,两组比较差异有统计学意义（ P ＜0．05）。【结论】检测BNP、cTnI及D‐dimer水平对APE患者临床诊断、临床决策及预后判断具有重要的临床意义。     

Effects of Turmeric Powder on Aflatoxin M1 and Aflatoxicol Excretion in Milk from Dairy Cows Exposed to Aflatoxin B1 at the EU Maximum Tolerable Levels

Due to the climatic change, an increase in aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) maize contamination has been reported in Europe. As an alternative to mineral binders, natural phytogenic compounds are increasingly used to counteract the negative effects of AFB1 in farm animals. In cows, even low dietary AFB1 concentrations may result in the milk excretion of the genotoxic carcinogen metabolite aflatoxin M1 (AFM1). In this study, we tested the ability of dietary turmeric powder (TP), an extract from Curcuma longa (CL) rich in curcumin and curcuminoids, in reducing AFM1 mammary excretion in Holstein–Friesian cows. Both active principles are reported to inhibit AFM1 hepatic synthesis and interact with drug transporters involved in AFB1 absorption and excretion. A crossover design was applied to two groups of cows (n = 4 each) with a 4-day washout. Animals received a diet contaminated with low AFB1 levels (5 ± 1 µg/kg) for 10 days ± TP supplementation (20 g/head/day). TP treatment had no impact on milk yield, milk composition or somatic cell count. Despite a tendency toward a lower average AFM1 milk content in the last four days of the treatment (below EU limits), no statistically significant differences with the AFB1 group occurred. Since the bioavailability of TP active principles may be a major issue, further investigations with different CL preparations are warranted.     

Lymphoscintigraphy—Techniques and applications in themanagement of breast carcinoma

Radiocolloid lymphoscintigraphy is a versatile, simple technique which has been utilized extensively in the assessment of lymphatic function and structure in anatomic regions accessible to neither clinical examination nor radiocontrast lymphography, as well as in circumstances where radiocontrast lymphography is not feasible. The most important requirement for an effective study are: (a) Determination of the appropriate injection site for reproducibly visualizing the majority of the lymphatics under study and, (b) use of an agent with the optimum properties of a preformed small, uniform, well-dispersed particle colloid. Multiple applications of lymphoscintigraphy in the patient with breast carcinoma have demonstrated its value in distinguishing abnormalities of the internal mammary lymphatics shown to have significant prognostic implications, in providing accurate localization of the parasternal lymphatics for radiation therapy and its potential for determining the status of axillary lymphatics in lieu of surgical intervention. The following review is based on an experience of over 6500 studies in 5550 patients with breast carcinoma.     

两种多位点探针的制备及AKR和NOD小鼠DNA指纹分析

用所制备的复制型M13mp18和寡核苷酸(GACA)_4探针,分别与近交系AKR小鼠的9个个体及NOD小鼠的5个个体进行DNA杂交,结果提示,一种探针和近交系内各个体杂交的DNA指纹图完全一致;同一探针与不同近交系小鼠杂交的指纹图完全不同;不同探针与同一近交系小鼠杂交的指纹图也完全不同。说明用DNA指纹图分析,对建立各种实验动物标准的DNA指纹图,用于遗传监测、杂交育种、基因制图以及寻找遗传标记等均有实用价值和参考作用。     

高糖对体外培养兔视网膜Müller细胞AQP4表达的影响

目的：观察体外培养兔视网膜Müller细胞在高糖条件下水通道蛋白-4（AQP4）表达的变化。方法：采用体外培养的兔视网膜Müller 细胞,分为正常对照组及高糖组（葡萄糖浓度：30、40和50 mmol•L^-1）,分别培养1、3和5 d;采用免疫细胞化学、流式细胞术及RT-PCR方法对Müller 细胞AQP4的表达情况进行检测。结果：高糖组Müller 细胞AQP4表达的绿色荧光明显弱于正常对照组（P<0.01）;流式细胞仪检测中波峰位置明显提前,AQP4表达强度较对照组明显减弱（P<0.01）,且随着葡萄糖浓度的增高和作用时间的延长,AQP4表达强度逐渐减弱;血糖浓度50 mmol•L^-1培养3 d时,RT-PCR半定量分析显示,AQP4 mRNA的表达比对照组明显降低（P<0.01）。结论：高糖能降低视网膜Müller细胞AQP4的表达,且随着葡萄糖浓度的增高和作用时间的延长,AQP4的表达强度也逐渐减弱;高糖时AQP4的表达下降可能是机体对糖尿病视网膜病变的一种保护性反应。     

ERCC1､RRM1预测NSCLC患者GP方案化疗敏感性的对比研究

目的:对比切除修复交叉互补基因1(excision repair cross-complementing rodent repair deficiency,complementationgroup1,ERCC1)和核苷酸还原酶M1(ribonucleotide reductase M1,RRM1)低表达患者选择健择联合顺铂(gemcitabine andcisplatin,GP)方案和未经筛选经验性选用GP方案治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌(non-small-cell lung carcinoma,NSCLC)的临床疗效。方法:采用前瞻性的方法,根据组织标本是否适宜使用免疫组织化学方法检测分子标志物,在确诊为晚期NSCLC的患者中,ERCC1和RRM1低表达者归为A组,未经分子标志物检测的经验治疗者归为B组,经过4～6个周期的GP方案化疗,观察两组的疗效、无进展生存期(progressive-free survival,PFS)、总生存期(overall survival,OS)及化疗过程中的不良反应。结果:基于分子标志物结果选用GP方案较经验性选用GP方案有效率明显提高(χ2=5.377,P=0.02),PFS明显延长(P=0.03),差异有统计学意义;两组OS无显著性差异;不良反应无明显差异。结论:对ERCC1和RRM1低表达患者选择GP方案可以明显提高化疗有效率。     

Colon perforation in Ehlers-Danlos syndrome: Report of two cases and review of the literature

Two cases of spontaneous perforation of the colon in Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type IV are reported, and eight cases previously reported in the English literature are reviewed. Emergency surgery for acute free colon perforation in patients with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome should be carried out in the following standard manner: exteriorization of the perforation or resection of the involved colon with end colostomy, and either closure of the rectal stump (Hartmann procedure) or distal mucous colostomy. The reported experience although small, indicates that a high incidence of recurrent perforation can be expected if bowel continuity is reestablished. Permanent colostomy status, therefore, appears advisable, despite the young ages of most of the patients.