陈香露白露胶囊长期毒性的研究

目的研究陈香露白露胶囊长期服用的毒性.方法对长期服用陈香露白露胶囊大鼠的肝、脑、肾形态与功能进行观测.结果陈香露白露胶囊对大鼠肝、脑、肾组织形态、血红蛋白及肝、肾功能等均无明显影响.结论陈香露白露胶囊拥有较好的安全性.     

陆为民运用乌梅丸临床经验浅析

乌梅丸出自《伤寒论》,为厥阴病篇众方之首。临床上常用于治疗"蛔厥"及"久利不止"。在现代临床中亦应用于各个学科,尤以慢性胃炎、慢性肠炎等脾胃科疾病多见。笔者在跟师抄方学习中,多次观察到老师应用乌梅丸屡获良效,故试从老师用药配伍、方证对应及厥阴病欲解时等三个方面浅析老师应用之原理,与同道交流。     

陆德铭扶正法为主防治乳腺癌复发转移的经验

从病因病机、治法方药、生活调养三方面论述了陆德铭教授防治乳腺癌复发转移的经验,强调“养正积自除”,辨证与辨病结合、整体与局部结合、扶正与祛邪结合的学术特点。     

龟鹿二仙胶处方变革、现代药理及临床研究进展

中医名方龟鹿二仙胶具有温肾益精、补气养血功效,主治久病肾虚、腰酸膝软、精血不足,遗精阳痿,在后世典籍收录中方药剂量、制法及功效等多有变革与拓展。药理研究表明,该方可健骨、抗肿瘤、减轻骨髓抑制、改善精子质量、缓解创伤后应激障碍等。该方现代临床应用范围得到拓展,可用于化疗后不良反应、肝硬化低蛋白血症、骨质疏松症、骨性关节炎...     

UPLC-MS结合模式识别用于罗汉果不同部位化学成分的比较分析

目的 采用超高效液相色谱-飞行时间质谱（UPLC-TOF-MS）技术建立了罗汉果不同部位（果瓤、果皮、叶、茎）化学成分的分析方法。方法 色谱分离采用Waters Acquity HSS C₁₈色谱柱（100 mm×2.1 mm,1.7 μm）,0.1%甲酸水溶液-乙腈梯度洗脱。质谱分析采用电喷雾离子源,负离子模式检测;所得数据应用主成分分析法（PCA）进行模式识别。结果 PCA结果显示,果瓤和果皮的成分类似,但与叶、茎部位存在显著差异;13种对分类贡献较大的特征化合物被筛选为“标志物”;利用TOF-MS精确分子质量、同位素匹配以及色谱保留规律,鉴定出其中5种罗汉果苷（果实标志物）和5种黄酮苷（叶、茎标志物）。结论 为罗汉果不同部位的识别和化学成分的比较提供了一种新模式,并为其活性研究提供了科学数据。     

不同产地和不同品种枸杞子中多糖成分测定

目的 通过比较19批不同产地宁夏枸杞果实和3批北方枸杞果实的总糖含量、重均相对分子质量（M_w）及单糖组成,探索枸杞中多糖成分的差异性。方法 采用水提醇沉法获得22批枸杞的粗多糖成分,以葡萄糖为对照品,采用苯酚-硫酸法测定总糖含量;Shodex SB-806 HQ型凝胶柱和Shodex SB-804 HQ型凝胶柱串联,流动相为0.1%氯化钠溶液,柱温为40 ℃,柱流速为0.5 mL·min^–1,采用凝胶渗透色谱-示差检测器-多角度激光光散射法（GPC-RI-MALLS）测定M_w及分布系数;选择Zorbax Eclipse XDB C₁₈色谱柱（250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm）,流动相为乙腈-磷酸二氢钾溶液,柱温为35 ℃,流速为1.0 mL·min^–1,检测波长为250 nm,采用1-苯基-3-甲基-5-吡唑啉酮（PMP）柱前衍生化-高效液相色谱-光电二极管阵列检测器（HPLC-PDA）测定单糖组成,同时建立单糖组成指纹图谱。结果 22批枸杞样品中粗多糖成分的质量分数为3.24%~8.66%,M_w为0.733×10⁶~3.191×10⁶;多糖成分均由9种单糖组成,其中阿拉伯糖含量最高。结果显示,不同产地宁夏枸杞粗多糖结构较为一致,但北方枸杞中多糖成分在结构上与宁夏枸杞存在较明显差异,主要体现在M_w、色谱峰面积比及半乳糖醛酸含量上。结论 宁夏枸杞和北方枸杞的粗多糖成分在结构上有较大差异,且通过建立的单糖组成及M_w测定方法可以对其进行有效区分,可为枸杞质量标准完善及枸杞资源评价提供方法和思路。     

Malignant presacral ghrelinoma with long-standing hyperghrelinaemia

Abstract

Background. A 57-year old man with low-back pain was found to have a 3 × 3 × 3 cm presacral neuroendocrine tumour (NET) with widespread metastases, mainly to the skeleton. His neoplastic disease responded well to peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) with the radiotagged somatostatin agonist ¹⁷⁷Lu-DOTATATE. During almost 10 years he was fit for a normal life. He succumbed to an intraspinal dissemination.

Procedures. A resection of the rectum, with a non-radical excision of the adjacent NET, was made. In addition to computerized tomography (CT), receptor positron emission tomography (PET) with ⁶⁸Ga-labelled somatostatin analogues was used.

Observations. The NET showed the growth pattern and immunoprofile of a G2 carcinoid. A majority cell population displayed immunoreactivity to ghrelin, exceptionally with co-immunoreactivity to motilin. Somatostatin receptor scintigraphy and ⁶⁸Ga-DOTATATE PET-CT demonstrated uptake in the metastatic lesions. High serum concentrations of total (desacyl-)ghrelin were found with fluctuations reflecting the severity of the symptoms. In contrast, the concentrations of active (acyl-)ghrelin were consistently low, as were those of chromogranin A (CgA).

Conclusions. Neoplastically transformed ghrelin cells can release large amounts of desacyl-ghrelin, evoking an array of non-specific clinical symptoms. Despite an early dissemination to the skeleton, a ghrelinoma can be compatible with longevity after adequate radiotherapy.     

鲁迅思想与廉政文化建设简

当前的廉政文化建设中有两种不良倾向：一是满足于表面上的宣传,不能激发民众真正的参与热情,流于形式;一是陶醉于古代清官廉吏故事的讲述,难以与现实社会生活有效对接,疏于清谈。解决之道在于找到一种历史文化资源,既是全民族共同的文化记忆,又能够超越时代局限与当下社会语境产生共振。鲁迅思想便是其中典型的代表。鲁迅批判国民劣根性的思想,有助于我们深刻认识廉政文化建设的长期性、复杂性与艰巨性,克服急功近利观念与形式主义作风;鲁迅坚定的“立人”启蒙立场,尤其值得当代知识分子效仿,用以培育国民的公民意识与民主精神,真正实现廉政文化建设“以人为本”的根本目标;鲁迅的“韧性”战斗精神,是反腐败斗争取得胜利的有力武器,也是廉政文化建设取得实效的重要保障。继承鲁迅思想,发扬鲁迅精神,对当前的廉政文化建设将会起到积极推动作用。     

Single vial kit formulation of DOTATATE for preparation of 177Lu‐labeled therapeutic radiopharmaceutical at hospital radiopharmacy

The clinical applications of radiolabeled somatostatin analogue ¹⁷⁷Lu‐DOTA‐Tyr³‐Thr⁸‐Octreotide (¹⁷⁷Lu‐DOTATATE) constitute a promising treatment option for patients with disseminated and inoperable neuroendocrine (NET) tumors. Formulation of ¹⁷⁷Lu‐DOTATATE in hospital radiopharmacy under aseptic conditions in a safe and reliable manner is a major constraint for its extensive use. The present work was intended to develop a kit for the safe preparation of the therapeutic radiopharmaceutical, viz. ¹⁷⁷Lu‐DOTATATE of high quality that can be easily adapted at conventional hospital radiopharmacies. Single vial kits of DOTATATE were formulated and evaluated for suitability for radiolabeling as well as stability on its storage. Patient dose of ¹⁷⁷Lu‐DOTATATE (7.4 GBq) could be successfully prepared using semi‐automated in‐house setup that assures safe handling and high yields of product of pharmaceutical purity suitable for clinical use. Fast clearance of activity via renal route was observed in preclinical biodistribution studies of ¹⁷⁷Lu‐DOTATATE carried out in normal Swiss mice. Deployment of in‐house produced ¹⁷⁷LuCl₃, cold kits and easy adaptability of synthesis setup at hospital radiopharmacy for preparation is likely to expand applications of peptide receptor radionuclide therapy.     

Aggregation of mononuclear and red blood cells through an ��4��1-Lu/basal cell adhesion molecule interaction in sickle cell disease

Background

Abnormal interactions between red blood cells, leukocytes and endothelial cells play a critical role in the occurrence of the painful vaso-occlusive crises associated with sickle cell disease. We investigated the interaction between circulating leukocytes and red blood cells which could lead to aggregate formation, enhancing the incidence of vaso-occlusive crises.

Design and Methods

Blood samples from patients with sickle cell disease (n=25) and healthy subjects (n=5) were analyzed by imaging and classical flow cytometry after density gradient separation. The identity of the cells in the peripheral blood mononuclear cell layer was determined using antibodies directed specifically against white (anti-CD45) or red (anti-glycophorin A) blood cells.

Results

Aggregates between red blood cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells were visualized in whole blood from patients with sickle cell disease. The aggregation rate was 10-fold higher in these patients than in control subjects. Both mature red blood cells and reticulocytes were involved in these aggregates through their interaction with mononuclear cells, mainly with monocytes. The size of the aggregates was variable, with one mononuclear cell binding to one, two or several red blood cells. Erythroid Lu/basal cell adhesion molecule and α₄β₁ integrin were involved in aggregate formation. The aggregation rate was lower in patients treated with hydroxycarbamide than in untreated patients.

Conclusions

Our study gives visual evidence of the existence of circulating red blood cell-peripheral blood mononuclear cell aggregates in patients with sickle cell disease and shows that these aggregates are decreased during hydroxycarbamide treatment. Our results strongly suggest that erythroid Lu/basal cell adhesion molecule proteins are implicated in these aggregates through their interaction with α₄β₁ integrin on peripheral blood mononuclear cells.