颈总动脉切除术10例回顾性分析

目的 探讨颈总动脉切除术的适应症和术前准备的一般规律。方法 对我院自1986年～2003年17年问的10例颈总动脉切除术病例进行回顾性分析。其中年龄22～59岁，急诊手术4例，选择性颈动脉切除6例。结果 急诊手术中2例出现中枢神经系统并发症，选择性手术组中1例出现中枢神经系统并发症。除1例因脑转移癌死亡外，随访均健在。结论 行不重建血管的颈总动脉及分歧部切除术，高龄患者须严格掌握适应症，须无脑血管疾病史，术前须进行Matas试验，要有侧支循环建立的客观依据；对年轻患者(30岁以下)可适当放宽手术指征。     

放射治疗计算机信息管理系统的开发与应用

目的　开发放射治疗信息管理系统计算机软件。方法　采用局域网、客户机 服务器模式 ,以SQL SERVERA为数据库服务器 ,使用VisualFoxpro 5 .0为编程语言进行开发。结果　该系统包括放射治疗计划系统和放射治疗科数据管理系统。结论　该系统运行稳定 ,数据安全可靠 ,操作简单 ,易于临床推广使用。     

17例胃癌穿孔的诊断治疗体会

目的研究胃癌穿孔患者治疗方法的临床疗效。方法对17例胃癌穿孔的患者进行手术治疗并进行评价。结果治疗后，住院期间死亡率为0；胃肠吻合口瘘为11．8％；平均存活时间为18．3个月；行根治性手术者，平均存活36．2个月。结论对胃癌穿孔患者，只要休克能纠正，身体状态允许，病灶可切除，进行根治性切除治疗是积极的治疗方法。     

胆囊癌的临床治疗分析

目的　探讨胆囊癌的临床治疗方法及其预后。方法　回顾性分析 161例胆囊癌的临床资料 ,其中单纯胆囊切除 48例 ,根治性胆囊癌切除 41例 ,胆囊癌扩大切除 2 0例 ,胆囊加胰十二指肠切除 3例 ,单纯探查术 7例 ,介入及放化疗 42例。随访 6个月至 5年。结果　行探查术患者 1年内全部死亡 ,单纯胆囊切除和根治性胆囊癌切除患者的 5年生存率分别为 69%、5 9% ,放疗和介入治疗患者的 5年生存率为 0。结论　胆囊癌早期发现 ,并行根治性切除 ,可显著提高 5年生存率     

Postoperative Intensive Care Treatment after Esophageal Resection

The aim of this article is to give a short review of problems associated with the intensive caretreatment of patients after esophageal resection.Pulmonary dysfunction,supraventricular tachyarrhyth-mia,anastomotie leakage and mental disorders are the topics covered.Systemic inflammatory reaction andsepsis is the linking topic between these specific complications.Pulmonary dysfunction having an incidenceof up to 40% is the most important complication.Low tidal volume ventilation,pain management includingepidural analgesia and early tracheostomy are the mainstay of therapy.Supraventricular tachyarrhythmiais an early indicator of emerging complications.Its symptomatic treatment is standardized using electriccardioversion,beta-blockers and amiodarone.Anastomotic leakage must be suspect in any septic episode.Endoscopy and contrast studies allow for precise diagnosis.Interventional endoscopy is increasingly suc-cessful in the therapy of these leakages.Microbiological surveillance and specific antibiotic therapy ensurethat a complication does not cause a septic cascade leading to multiorgan failure.The workload on ICUcaused by a patient after esophageal resection still exceeds that of most other patients with gastrointestinalsurgery.     

Multimodal therapy with intravenous biweekly leucovorin, 5-fluorouracil and irinotecan combined with hepatic arterial infusion pirarubicin in non-resectable hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer (a European Association for Research in Oncology trial).

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the tolerance and efficacy of combining i.v. irinotecan, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and leucovorin (LV) with hepatic arterial infusion (HAI) of pirarubicin in non-resectable liver metastases from colorectal cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty-one patients were included in a phase II trial with i.v. irinotecan/5-FU/LV administered every 2 weeks, combined with HAI pirarubicin 60 mg/m(2) on day 1 every 4 weeks. In most cases HAI was administered via a percutaneous catheter. RESULTS: The main grade 3/4 toxicity was neutropenia, encountered in 78% of the patients. When all patients were considered in the analysis, tumour response rate was 15 out of 31 [48%; 95% confidence interval (CI) 32% to 65%]. Liver resection was made possible in 11 patients (35%; 95% CI 21% to 53%). There were no toxic death. Median overall survival was 20.5 months, and median progression-free survival was 9.1 months. In patients with completely resected metastases, median overall survival was not reached and median progression-free survival was 20.2 months. CONCLUSION: The multimodality approach used in the present study was well-tolerated and yielded dramatic responses. An aggressive approach combining i.v. and HAI chemotherapy deserves further investigation.     

食管癌放疗后复发再程治疗的疗效观察

目的　探讨食管癌放疗后复发再程治疗的价值。方法　 5 0例食管癌放疗后复发患者接受再程治疗。随机分成手术切除组和再程放疗组 ,2 5例手术切除组左侧进胸 ,行食管—胃吻合术 ;2 5例再程放疗组 ,采用超分割治疗。 1 2Gy/f,Bid ,6MV X线 ,相隔 6小时 ,剂量 44～ 60Gy。结果　 2 5例手术切除组 1、2、3年生存率分别为 80 %、3 6%、2 8% ;再程放疗组 1、2、3年生存率分别为 44 %、2 0 %、8 7%。结论　食管癌放疗后复发治疗应首选手术治疗 ,放射治疗亦可作为一种有效治疗手段。     

Clinical significance of interstitial collagen deposition at the invading edge in oral cancer: Immunohistochemistry for type I collagen

Background Changes in interstitial collagen in human oral cancer have not yet been fully studied. We examined the relationship between the degree of interstitial collagen deposition at the invading edge of the tumor, and the clinical and pathologic findings in oral squamous cell carcinoma. We also investigated the therapeutic implication of the changes in distribution patterns of collagen deposition by comparing biopsy specimens and surgical specimens. Methods Immunohistochemical staining was performed by the streptavidin-biotin method using antibody against human type I collagen for visualizing interstitial collagen in 50 biopsy and 45 surgical specimens. Results Carcinomas with scanty interstitial collagen in biopsy specimens tended to have highly malignant characteristics. Large carcinomas with scanty deposition both in biopsy and surgical specimens were likely to have positive resection margins in spite of radical surgery. Conclusion Immunostaining patterns for type I collagen of oral squamous cell carcinomas can provide information of importance in determining safe resection margins.     

恶性肿瘤累及颈动脉的外科处理

为探讨头颈部恶性肿瘤侵犯颈动脉的外科治疗，对５例喉癌或下咽癌颈淋巴结转移累及一侧颈动脉病人，术前经ＣＴ或Ｂ超检查，３例经术前体外颈动脉压迫训练合格后手术切除受累段颈总动脉，２例系术中损伤颈总动脉后紧急切除受轻动脉。其中１例即刻行断端吻合，５例术中，术后均无明显脑缺血表现，３例术后随访２年以上健在，２例尚在随访中。     

肺癌肺叶切除术后肺功能状态影像学评价

评价肺癌肺叶切除术后的胸部Ｘ线检查对肺功能状况估测的临床意义。方法６２例患者分别在肺叶切除术后３个月、１２个月拍摄胸部Ｘ光片，同时测定肺活量（ＶＣ）、最大通气量（ＭＶＶ）、１秒用力呼气容量（ＦＥＶ１）、动脉血氧分压（Ｐｏ２）对有关数据进行统计学处理。结果膈肌活动度＜０．５ｃｍ组肺功能检测指标明显低于膈肌活动度＞０．５ｃｍ组，两组之间有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论胸部Ｘ线检查测定隔肌动度可间接估测其肺功能状况，为临床治疗、估测预后提供参考依据。