A prospective radiologic and neurologic follow-up study of 61 HIV-1 -infected subjects: early beginning and slow progression of brain atrophy

The course of the organic brain disease caused by human immunodeficency virus (HIV-1) was evaluated in a follow-up study. The primary material included 200 consecutive HIV-1 infected persons. Sixty-one subjects, in whom other brain-affecting factors were excluded, consented to the follow-up. They underwent 278 radiologic examinations: computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, or a combination of both (mean 4.6 examinations/subject). Clinical neurologic status and, in 40 subjects, cognitive performance were repeatedly evaluated. Sixteen subjects were followed up until death and 11 of them were autopsied. Median follow-up time was 27 mo (range 2.5–66 mo). The most common radiologic finding was atrophy, found in 19 subjects at study entry and developing in 10 subjects during the study. Twenty-four subjects (39%) showed the development and/or progression of atrophy. Atrophic changes progressed most rapidly in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), but mild developing/progressive atrophy was found even in 33% of asymptomatic or neurologically intact subjects. Cognitive and radiologic worsening were simultaneous in 6/7 subjects with declining neuropsychologic test performance. Signal intensity changes including HIV-1 leukoencephalopathy appeared in AIDS patients with clear cognitive decline.     

Intracranial alveolar echinococcosis: CT and MRI

Intracranial alveolar echinococcosis is uncommon. We report a patient with right frontal lobe and palpebral lesions secondary to a primary hepatic focus with secondary lesion in the lung. The intracranial and palpebral cystic masses were totally removed and both proved to be alveolar hydatid cysts. An unusual feature in this case is CT and MRI demonstration of dural and bony extension.     

Focused helical appendiceal computed tomography: Technique and interpretation

This article reviews a focused helical appendiceal computed tomographic technique and discusses an approach to appendiceal computed tomographic interpretation.     

Marchiafava-Bignami disease: CT and MR findings

We describe characteristic findings in a patient with Marchiafava-Bignami disease who was serially imaged with CT and MR. Involvement of the entire corpus callosum was visualized with both types of imaging. Following administration of gadolinium-DTPA, the lesion was clearly enhanced in the subacute stage. Correspondence to: S. Otake     

B超,CT与DSA对肝癌介入治疗的指导价值

对１２６列原发性肝癌与３７例转移性肝癌介入治疗前均进行了Ｂ超、ＣＴ与数字减影血管造影（ＤＳＡ）检查。ＤＳＡ显示原发性肝癌多数血供丰富，而转移性肝癌以少血供者为主；ＣＴ显示小病灶的敏感性稍差，病灶的密度和均匀性与血供多少有一定关系，但特异性不高，而病灶的增强次应与血供关系密切，多血供者中９５％有显示的增强效应，少血供者仅占４．７％；Ｂ超所示病灶的回声高低与血供亦有一定关系，但特异性稍差。结果表明，Ｄ     

多层面CT重建诊断中央大气道良性病变

目的 :分析多层面CT三维重建诊断中央大气道良性病变的价值。材料和方法 :用多层面CT对 3 5例中央气道良性病变 (解剖性异常 5例 ,炎症性病变 18例及其它 12例 )扫描 ,并全部完成三维表面遮盖显示、容积显示和仿真内窥镜检查。所有病例第一次读片时仅有横断面图像 ,第二次读片时增加重建图像。结果 :三维重建帮助 4例横断面漏误诊的解剖性异常获得确诊 ,16例炎症性病变进一步详细显示 ,2例气管支气管裂伤明确范围和程度 ;虚拟内窥镜帮助 5例横断面上不能确诊的痰液获得确诊。结论 :CT三维重建可用于解剖性异常和痰液的诊断 ,对其它良性疾病主要是对病变的另一种形式的进一步显示。     

直肠癌根治术后骶前复发的CT价值

直肠癌根治术后,临床诊断直肠癌术后复发有一定的困难.而术后患者的复发率在30%以上,且大多数发生于术后2年内[1].笔者通过对18例直肠癌根治术后骶前局部复发的CT表现作回顾性分析,以探讨CT在早期诊断直肠癌术后骶前局部复发的价值.     

Solitary Small Hepatic Angiosarcoma: Initial and Follow-up Imaging Findings

We report an uncommon case of solitary, small hepatic angiosarcoma that was initially considered as a hemangioma. We present the imaging findings, with an emphasis on the initial and follow-up CT and MR findings, as well as report on the more suggestive findings of angiosarcoma than those of a hemangioma.     

Sarcomas of head and neck — A 10 yrs experience

38 cases of sarcoma of head and neck region were analysed in a retrospective way in relation to age, anatomic location, histological, clinical profile, and surgical approaches. Compared to other types of head and neck neoplasms, such as squamous cell carcinoma, soft tissue sarcomas have low rates of regional metastases. However the biological behaviour of soft tissue sarcoma is more aggressive specially in paediatric age group. In the present series, CT scan was considered as the primary modality of investigation. Surgery generally has been recommended as the primary method of treatment for achieving local control, except in those high-grade tumours arising in sites not amenable to resection. 3-year and 5-year survival rates in this present series 50% and 31.6% respectively.     

从信息经济学的角度看病案信息经济价值

本文从信息经济学的角度出发，分析了病案信息的经济价值、市场需求及其开发利用，揭示了病案信息利用对相关市场参与者的利润、效用、福利增进的机制及在疾病控制中的重大作用，指明了加强病案信息开发的重要性和紧迫性，并提出建议。