CT导引下氩氦冷冻消融治疗少血供型肝癌

目的探讨CT引导下氩氦冷冻消融治疗少血供型肝癌的疗效。方法选择通过3期CT增强扫描并经穿刺活检病理证实的少血供型肝癌56例,行CT导引下氩氦冷冻治疗。结果 56例少血供肝癌患者治疗后3个月、6个月、12个月、24个月甲胎蛋白下降率依次是100%(56/56)、100%(56/56)、89.29%(50/56)、80.36%(45/56),治疗有效率分别100%(56/56)、96.43%(54/56)、87.50%(49/56)、80.36%(45/56),生存率分别为100%(56/56)、100%(56/56)、92.86%(52/56)、89.29%(50/56)。结论 CT引导下氩氦冷冻消融治疗少血供型肝癌,定位准确、疗效可靠,是提高治疗局部控制率和生存率的有效方法。     

CEUS观察兔肝VX2肿瘤坏死演变

目的应用CEUS技术观察兔肝VX2肿瘤坏死过程,探讨VX2肿瘤生长坏死规律及其对实验产生的影响。方法应用超声引导下经皮穿刺种植法成功建立24只兔VX2肝肿瘤模型,并通过CEUS技术分别在肿瘤种植后10、14、21、28天动态观察肝肿瘤演变过程,测量肿瘤体积及坏死体积,计算瘤内坏死率。结果在肿瘤种植后10、14、21、28天兔肝VX2肿瘤体积、坏死灶体积和坏死率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P均0.05);肿瘤种植后10、14、21、28天的CEUS表现能反映出肿瘤的病理学特征。实验依据CEUS和病理特点将肿瘤生长过程细分为5个时期,0~10天为肿瘤实质前期;11~14天为肿瘤实质后期;15~21天为肿瘤坏死初期;22~28天为加速坏死期;28天后为肿瘤囊变期。结论 CEUS可准确判断肝肿瘤实质及坏死范围;VX2肿瘤的生长演变及肿瘤坏死具有规律性,可根据不同实验要求选择适宜的研究时间段。     

干扰素诱导的跨膜蛋白在肿瘤中的研究进展

干扰素诱导的跨膜蛋白(IFITM)是一种近来发现的细胞内抗病毒蛋白家族,它能抑制多种有或者无胞膜病毒的复制而起到抗病毒作用;同时近期有研究显示IFITM3对人类多种肿瘤细胞及干细胞的迁移等起重要作用,但IFITM3在人类肿瘤发生、发展和扩散转移的作用机制尚不明确.本文主要对IFITM3蛋白在人类肿瘤的研究进展及未来的研究方向作一综述.     

肝脏穿刺活检在肝移植术后的应用

目的 通过对肝移植术后肝脏穿刺活检资料的分析,探讨移植术后各种并发症的病理组织学表现,指导肝移植术后并发症的诊治.方法 回顾性分析198例肝移植术后患者249例次诊断性肝脏穿刺活检组织病理资料和治疗效果.苏木精-伊红染色法分析其病理学形态改变,排斥反应采用Banff排斥反应病理标准、RAI评分分级.结果 所有病理活检资料中,急性排斥反应发病率为最高,共71例次(28.5％),胆道并发症39例次(15.7％)、肝炎病毒感染及复发28例次(11.2％)、药物性损害34例次(13.7％)、再灌注损伤35例次(14.1％)、巨细胞病毒感染14例次(5.6％)、肿瘤复发7例次(2.8％)、慢性排斥反应16例次(6.4％)、原发性移植物无功能2例次(0.8％)、难以确定3例次(1.2％).结论 移植肝行穿刺活检术能很好的明确肝功能异常的病因,进而指导临床进行精确、有效的治疗,建议各移植中心将肝脏穿刺列为肝移植术后的常规检查,定期活检,更好的保护移植物的生存状态.     

后腹腔镜下高选择性肾动脉阻断与肾动脉全阻断治疗T1a期肾透明细胞癌的临床分析

目的 比较后腹腔镜下高选择性肾动脉阻断与肾动脉全阻断治疗T1a期肾透明细胞癌的有效性和安全性.方法 选择本院泌尿外科住院行肾部分切除术的患者42例,其中21例患者的肾门处理方式为高选择性肾动脉阻断治疗,作为高选择组,21例患者的肾门处理方式为肾动脉全阻断治疗,作为全阻断组.比较两组患者的肾动脉平均阻断时间、平均手术时间、平均术中出血量、平均术中输血率、手术切缘的阳性率、平均术后住院天数,术后并发症情况,术后患者的肌酐变化情况等.结果 高选择组患者在平均阻断时间、术后肌酐变化百分率等指标均明显优于全阻断组患者(P＜0.05),手术时间明显长于全阻断组患者(P＜0.05),而在平均术中出血量、平均术中输血率、手术切缘阳性率、平均术后住院天数、术后并发症等观察指标比较,两组患者间的差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 与后腹腔镜下肾动脉全阻断治疗比较,后腹腔镜下高选择性肾动脉阻断治疗具有阻断时间短、术后肾功能损害小的特点,值得临床推广.     

siRNA 干扰雄激素受体相互作用蛋白 HSPBAP1对人前列腺癌 PC3细胞恶性表型的影响

目的：探讨siRNA干扰雄激素受体相互作用蛋白HSPBAP1对前列腺癌PC3恶性表型的影响。方法 siRNA干扰PC3细胞HSPBAP1的表达,检测细胞增殖、克隆形成、细胞周期及迁移和侵袭的变化。结果 siHSPBAP1组与对照组相比,增殖能力、克隆形成能力、迁移和侵袭能力显著减弱（ P ＜0．05）, G0／G1期细胞数增多,S期和G2／M期细胞数显著减少（ P ＜0．05）。结论干扰HSPBAP1能够抑制前列腺癌PC3细胞的恶性表型。     

自体肝移植治疗终末期肝泡型包虫病一例

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去细胞化肝脏生物支架的应用进展

肝脏替代治疗是目前终末期肝病最有效的治疗措施,而去细胞化肝脏生物支架拓宽了肝脏替代治疗的研究领域.目前普遍的支架制备过程是在一定的物理条件下,经灌注设备将化学试剂(去垢剂、消化酶等)注入肝脏自身的脉管结构中,达到去除细胞成分,保留支架内ECM和超微脉管结构的目的.再将种子细胞注入到去细胞化肝脏生物支架,获得再细胞化肝脏,模拟机体内肝脏生物环境进行体外或体内培养,观察种子细胞附着情况,检测肝脏代谢功能,评估肝脏替代效果.目前,种子细胞的选取、再细胞化流程、再细胞化肝脏移植等问题仍处于探索阶段.笔者围绕去细胞化肝脏生物支架的制备与评价、检测和应用作一综述,为进一步应用于实验研究和临床实践提供参考.     

Quality of life after high-dose-rate brachytherapy monotherapy for prostate cancer

Purpose

There is little information in the literature on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) changes due to high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy monotherapy for prostate cancer.

Materials and Methods

We conducted a prospective study of HRQOL changes due to HDR brachytherapy monotherapy for low risk or favorable intermediate risk prostate cancer. Sixty-four of 84 (76%) patients who were treated between February 2011 and April 2013 completed 50 questions comprising the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC) before treatment and 6 and/or 12 months after treatment.

Results

Six months after treatment, there was a significant decrease (p<0.05) in EPIC urinary, bowel, and sexual scores, including urinary overall, urinary function, urinary bother, urinary irritative, bowel overall, bowel bother, sexual overall, and sexual bother scores. By one year after treatment, EPIC urinary, bowel, and sexual scores had increased and only the bowel overall and bowel bother scores remained significantly below baseline values.

Conclusions

HDR brachytherapy monotherapy is well-tolerated in patients with low and favorable intermediate risk prostate cancer. EPIC urinary and sexual domain scores returned to close to baseline 12 months after HDR brachytherapy.     

Insulin-like growth factor (IgF)-I,IgF binding protein-3, and prostate cancer: correlation with gleason score

Introduction

Non-androgenic growth factors are involved in the growth regulation of prostate cancer (PCa).

Objective

This is the first Brazilian study to correlate, in a population of patients operated for PCa, PSA, total testosterone, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) with Gleason score and to compare with a control group with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH).

Materials and Methods

This retrospective single-center study included 49 men with previously diagnosed PCa and 45 with previously diagnosed BPH. PSA, testosterone, IGF-I, IGFBP-3 were determined in both groups.

Results

PSA and IGFBP-3 levels were significantly higher in the PCa group as compared to the BPH group (p<0.001 and p=0.004, respectively). There was a significant difference when we compared the PSA before surgery (p<0.001) and at the inclusion in the study (p<0.001) and IGFBP3 (0.016) among patients with Gleason <7, ≥7 and BPH. In the PCa group, PSA, testosterone, IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels were comparable between Gleason <7 and ≥7.

Conclusions

Our data suggest that in localized PCa, the quantification of PSA and, not of IGF-1, may provide independent significant information in the aggressiveness. IGFBP-3 could be a biochemical marker of disease control in PCa patients.