The Brazilian Founder Mutation TP53 p.R337H is Uncommon in Portuguese Women Diagnosed with Breast Cancer

Since the first studies reporting the TP53 p.R337H mutation as founder mutation in Southern and Southeastern Brazil, there has been controversy on its origin. Preliminary analysis of a small subset of Brazilian mutation carriers revealed that the haplotype incided on a Caucasian background. The vast majority of carriers identified today reside in Brazil or, if identified in other countries, are Brazilian immigrants. To our knowledge, the only two exceptions of carriers without a recognizable link with Brazil are two European families, from Portugal and Germany. Haplotype analysis in the Portuguese family revealed the same haplotype identified in Brazilian individuals, but in the German family, a distinct haplotype was found. Knowing that a significant proportion of women with breast cancer (BC) in Southern Brazil are p.R337H carriers, we analyzed p.R337H in a Portuguese cohort of women diagnosed with this disease. Median age at diagnosis among the first 573 patients tested was 60 years and 100 (17.4%) patients had been diagnosed at or under the age of 45 years. Mutation screening failed to identify the mutation in the 573 patients tested. These results are in contrast with the mutation frequency observed in a study including 815 BC‐affected women from Brazil, in which carrier frequencies of 12.1 and 5.1% in pre‐ and postmenopausal women were observed, respectively. These findings suggest that the Brazilian founder mutation p.R337H, the most frequent germline TP53 mutation reported to date, is not a common germline alteration in Portuguese women diagnosed with BC.     

黎氏哮喘I号方治疗小儿外寒肺热型哮喘50例疗效观察

目的观察黎氏哮喘I号方治疗小儿外寒肺热型哮喘的临床疗效。方法将80例哮喘患儿随机分为2组。治疗组50例口服黎氏哮喘I号方加减治疗;对照组30例予以西医抗炎、平喘药物治疗。2组疗程均为7d。结果治疗组临床治愈38例,好转10例,未愈2例,总有效率为96．0％;对照组临床治愈9例,好转16例,未愈5例,总有效率为83．3％。2组总有效率比较,差异有统计意义（P〈0．05）。2组治疗前后同组症状积分值比较,差异有统计意义（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）;治疗后与对照组比较,差异有统计意义（P〈0．05）,治疗组优于对照组。结论黎氏哮喘I号方治疗小儿外寒肺热型哮喘可明显改善患儿临床症状,疗效显著。     

Effect of Residual Trace Amounts of Fe and Al in Li[Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1/3]O2 Cathode Active Material for the Sustainable Recycling of Lithium-Ion Batteries

As the explosive growth of the electric vehicle market leads to an increase in spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), the disposal of LIBs has also made headlines. In this study, we synthesized the cathode active materials Li[Ni_1/3Mn_1/3Co_1/3]O₂ (NMC) and Li[Ni_1/3Mn_1/3Co_1/3Fe_0.0005Al_0.0005]O₂ (NMCFA) via hydroxide co-precipitation and calcination processes, which simulate the resynthesis of NMC in leachate containing trace amounts of iron and aluminum from spent LIBs. The effects of iron and aluminum on the physicochemical and electrochemical properties were investigated and compared with NMC. Trace amounts of iron and aluminum do not affect the morphology, the formation of O3-type layered structures, or the redox peak. On the other hand, the rate capability of NMCFA shows high discharge capacities at 7 C (110 mAh g⁻¹) and 10 C (74 mAh g⁻¹), comparable to the values for NMC at 5 C (111 mAh g⁻¹) and 7 C (79 mAh g⁻¹), respectively, due to the widened interslab thickness of NMCFA which facilitates the movement of lithium ions in a 2D channel. Therefore, iron and aluminum, which are usually considered as impurities in the recycling of LIBs, could be used as doping elements for enhancing the electrochemical performance of resynthesized cathode active materials.     

电感耦合等离子体发射光谱（ICP）检测电生理导管可沥滤物的试验方法研究

本文采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法检测电生理导管中四种可沥滤物：硫酸钡,颜料黄53,颜料棕24和二氧化钛的含量。经方法验证,该方法校准曲线线性良好,线性范围达4~6个数量级;检出限极低,小于0.1μg/mL;回收率达到95%~103%;实验室内检测变异系数小于3%。该方法可同步测量多种超低痕量金属元素,大大减少了样品预处理和样品使用量,具有实用性和经济性,值得推广使用。     

“芎䓖”“蘪芜”“江蓠”“蓠”名实考证

古代辞书中保存了大量药名,后世学者在旧注中对药物的名实关系进行了细致考证。“芎䓖”“蘪芜”“江蓠”“蓠”形态特征、气味相似,难以分清,且文献中的记载较为混乱。现对“芎䓖”“蘪芜”“江蓠”“蓠”进行考证,利用《说文解字》《尔雅》等古代辞书与注家旧注,结合相关文献,进行整理分析,并以此补正本草文献内容。     

经典名方当归饮子的关键信息考证

经典名方当归饮子首见于宋代《严氏济生方》,全方由当归、白芍、川芎、生地黄、荆芥穗、防风、白蒺藜、何首乌、黄芪、甘草组成,主治血脉不理、内蕴风热所致的疮疥、赤疹??。当归饮子历代文献记载丰富,后世医家将此方广泛运用于各类常见的皮肤疾病中,临床价值毋庸置疑。采用文献计量学研究方法,系统梳理当归饮子的古今文献,考证该方历史源流、病机与方义内涵、药材基原与炮制、药物剂量、煎服方法等关键信息,以期为当归饮子复方制剂的研发及临床应用提供参考。     

近代江南民间验方知识的传播及其影响——以《验方新编》为例

《验方新编》重点辑录民间验方知识,内容丰富,便于非专业人群查阅和应用,但在出版后的20年里并不为人熟知.19世纪60年代,该书传入江南,不仅受到官绅青睐,而且日渐普及到中下层民众中,达到家喻户晓的程度.进入20世纪,该书日益深入人们的日常生活,成为一种象征符号乃至"中医"的代名词.《验方新编》的广泛传播促进了中西医学知...     

李学麟治疗肝郁证临床经验

李学麟教授认为肝郁证病位在肝,与脾肾等相关,肝郁证的成因绝非情志异常一端,其病机变化不同,根据不同的病因病机可分为肝郁阳虚证、肝郁阴虚证、肝郁脾虚证、肝郁血虚证、肝郁血热证5种证型,治以疏肝解郁为大法,兼以健脾、养血、清热、滋阴,灵活辨证加减,临床可获良效。     

李中梓治疗泄泻学术思想探析

李中梓将湿邪作为泄泻的主要病因,并从理论和实践上进一步加以深化和完善,阐明了泄泻、湿邪、脾土三者之间的辨证关系.治疗上力主辨证求因、审因论治,总结出渗利、升提、清凉、疏利、甘缓、酸收、燥脾、温肾、固涩等治泻九法.     

黎族地中海贫血患者血清促红细胞生成素和转铁蛋白受体水平的研究

为研究地中海贫血患者与血清可溶性转铁蛋白受体(sTfR)和红细胞生成素(EPO)的关系，并估计地中海贫血骨髓红系增生程度，应用酶联免疫法检测50例地中海贫血患者和50例正常人对照的sTfR和EPO水平：结果显示，β—重型地中海贫血患者血清EPO和sTfR水平均明显高于正常对照组(P＜0.05)，而轻型患者与正常人无显著差别。结论：黎族地中海贫血患者血清中EPo和sTfR水平升高与地中海贫血的类型有关。