A clinical report on distraction osteogenesis applied for Apert syndrome

This case report describes the orthodontic treatment done to an 11-year-old female patient having Apert syndrome, a genetic disorder manifested by craniofacial and limb anomalies. The orthodontic treatment was accompanied with distraction osteogenesis for forward advancement of the correction of midfacial hypoplasia. After the active treatment, a better facial profile and occlusion were achieved. The occlusion remained stable during the 2 years and 8 months follow-up.     

磷酸二酯酶-5抑制剂治疗良性前列腺增生所致下尿路症状的研究进展

BPH所至下尿路症状(LUTS/BPH)的药物治疗在解除患者症状、预防和阻断BPH的发展,有效降低严重并发症和手术疗法风险的效果令人瞩目,已经成为LUTS/BPH的一线治疗选择。近年来磷酸二酯酶-5抑制剂(PDE5-Is)用于治疗LUTS/BPH的研究成果显著,PDE5-Is不论是单独应用,还是与α1肾上腺能受体拮抗剂(α1-ARAs)联合应用,对于缓解LUTS/BPH的效果确切,联合治疗效果更优。本文就PDE5-Is治疗LUTS/BPH的国内外研究进展作一综述。     

Disposable circumcision suture device： clinical effect and patient satisfaction

In our experience patients undergoing circumcision are mostly concerned about pain and penile appearances. We conducted a prospective randomized trial to assess the benefits of a new disposable circumcision suture device （DCSD）. A total of 942 patients were equally divided into three groups （conventional circumcision, Shang ring and disposable suture device group）. Patients in the DCSD group were anesthetized with compound 5% lidocaine cream, the others with a 2% lidocaine penile block. Operation time, intra-operative blood loss, incision healing time, intra-operative and post-operative pain, the penile appearance and overall satisfaction degree were measured. Operation time and intra-operative blood loss were significantly lower in the Shang ring and suture device groups compared to the conventional group （P 〈 0.001）. Intra-operative pain was less in the suture device group compared With the other two groups （P 〈 0.001）; whereas post-operative pain was higher in the conventional group compared to the other two groups （P 〈 0.001）. Patients in the suture device （80.57%） and Shang ring （73,57%） groups were more satisfied with penile appearances compared with the conventional circumcision group （20.06%, P 〈 0.05）. Patients in suture device group also healed markedly faster than the conventional group （P 〈 0.01）. The overall satisfaction rate was better in the suture device group （78.66%） compared with the conventional （47.13%） and Shang ring （50.00%） groups （P 〈 0.05）. The combination of DCSD and lidocaine cream resulted in shorter operation and incision healing times, reduced intra-operative and post-operative pain and improved patient satisfaction with the cosmetic appearances.     

经尿道前列腺解剖性剜除术(附光盘)

经尿道前列腺解剖性剜除术结合了开放前列腺摘除术与传统经尿道前列腺电切术的各自优势,颠覆了传统电切的手术理念,极大改良优化了传统前列腺电切术。本文将系统介绍经尿道前列腺解剖性剜除术的手术理念、手术方法与技巧、围手术期准备、手术并发症及其处理要点、以及本技术的拓展与推广。     

经尿道前列腺激光消融术与经尿道前列腺汽化术的比较研究

经尿道治疗良性前列腺增生症78例，其中60例采用经尿道前列腺激光消融术（TULP），18例采用经尿道前列腺汽化术（TUVP）。治疗结果表明TULP和TUVP具有安全有效，操作简便，合并症低和恢复快等优点。TULP和TUVP两者比较，初步经验认为TUVP疗效更满意。     

Efficacy and safety of terlipressin in cirrhotic patients with variceal bleeding or hepatorenal syndrome

Terlipressin is an analog of the natural hormone arginine-vasopressin. It is used in the treatment of patients with cirrhosis and bleeding esophageal varices (BEV) and in patients with hepatorenal syndrome (HRS): two of the most dramatic and feared complications of cirrhosis. Terlipressin exerts its main pharmacological effect through stimulation of vasopressin-1 receptors. These receptors are located in vascular smooth muscle and mediate vasoconstriction. In patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension, treatment with terlipressin increases mean arterial pressure and decreases portal flow and pressure within minutes of administration. Furthermore, in patients with ascites terlipressin improves glomerular filtration and excretion of sodium. Terlipressin decreases failure of initial hemostasis by 34%, decreases mortality by 34%, and is considered a first-line treatment for BEV, when available. Terlipressin in combination with albumin reverses type 1 HRS in 33%–60% of cases and is the only treatment with proven efficacy in randomized trials. The safety profile is favorable when considering the clinical efficacy and the high mortality of these clinical entities. Adverse events are mostly cardiovascular and related to vasoconstriction. Mortality and withdrawal of terlipressin due to adverse events occurs in less than 1% of cases. Mild adverse events related to terlipressin treatment occur in 10%–20% of patients. The benefit, however, of terlipressin on long-term survival in HRS remains to be determined. At present, treatment with terlipressin and albumin is considered the most efficient therapy and should therefore be recommended for the treatment of type 1 HRS-1.     

The application of a zero-profile implant in anterior cervical discectomy and fusion

We analyzed the clinical efficacy of the Zero-P implant (Synthes GmbH Switzerland, Oberdorf, Switzerland) in the treatment of single level cervical spondylotic myelopathy. The clinical data of 47 patients with single level cervical spondylotic myelopathy were retrospectively analyzed. Twenty-two patients were treated with a Zero-P implant (Group A) and 25 with a titanium plate with cage (Group B) between January 2009 and September 2010. Operative time, intraoperative blood loss, preoperative and postoperative Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scores and JOA recovery rate, dysphagia incidence and adjacent segment degeneration rate were measured. The mean operative time in Group A and Group B was 98.18 minutes and 105.4 minutes, respectively. The average intraoperative blood loss in Group A and Group B was 87.95 ml and 92.4 ml, respectively. There were no statistical differences in operation time and intraoperative blood loss between the two groups (p > 0.05). The JOA score was significantly improved in the two groups (p < 0.001), and the recovery rate was similar (60.86% for Group A versus 62.95% for Group B, p > 0.05). Dysphagia was experienced by one (4.5%) patient in Group A and eight (32%) patients in Group B, which was significantly different (p = 0.044). There was no statistical significance found in the adjacent level degeneration rates between Group A and Group B (p = 0.330). The Zero-P implant and traditional titanium plate with cage are effective treatments for single level cervical spondylotic myelopathy, but the Zero-P implant has a lower dysphagia incidence.     

Persistent Bleeding After Laparoscopic Supracervical Hysterectomy

Background and Objectives:

In our clinical experience, there seemed to be a correlation between cervical stump bleeding and adenomyosis. Therefore, we wanted to conduct a study to determine whether there was an actual correlation and to identify other risk factors for persistent bleeding after a laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomy.

Methods:

The study included women who underwent laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomy from January 1, 2003, through December 31, 2012. Data were collected on age, postmenopausal status, body mass index (BMI), uterine weight, indication for hysterectomy, concomitant bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (BSO), presence of endometriosis, surgical ablation of the endocervix, adenomyosis, presence of endocervix in the specimen, and postoperative bleeding.

Results:

The study included 256 patients, of whom 187 had no postoperative bleeding after the operation, 40 had bleeding within 12 weeks, and 29 had bleeding after 12 weeks. The 3 groups were comparable in BMI, postmenopausal status, uterine weight, indication for hysterectomy, BSO, surgical ablation of the endocervix, adenomyosis, and the presence of endocervix. However, patients who had postoperative bleeding at more than 12 weeks were significantly younger (P = .002) and had a higher rate of endometriosis (P < .001).

Conclusions:

Risks factors for postoperative bleeding from the cervical stump include a younger age at the time of hysterectomy and the presence of endometriosis. Therefore, younger patients and those with endometriosis who desire to have no further vaginal bleeding may benefit from total hysterectomy over supracervical hysterectomy. All patients who are undergoing supracervical hysterectomy should be counseled about the possible alternatives, benefits, and risks, including continued vaginal bleeding from the cervical stump and the possibility of requiring future treatment and procedures.