Gross motor skill performance in children with and without visual impairments—Research to practice

The aim of this study was to provide an empirical basis for teaching gross motor skills in children with visual impairments. For this purpose, gross motor skill performance of 23, 6–12 year old, boys and girls who are blind (ICD-10 H54.0) and 28 sighted controls with comparable age and gender characteristics was compared on six locomotor and six object control tasks using the Test of Gross Motor Development-Second Edition. Results indicate that children who are blind perform significantly (p < .05) worse in all assessed locomotor and object control skills, whereby running, leaping, kicking and catching are the most affected skills, and corresponding differences are related to most running, leaping, kicking and catching component. Practical implications are provided.     

SERUM PANCREATIC ISOAMYLASE ESTIMATION BY THE INHIBITOR METHOD AS A DIAGNOSTIC TEST FOR CHRONIC PANCREATITIS

The diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis is often difficult to establish and may involve invasive diagnostic procedures. Serum pancreatic isoamylase has been estimated by the inhibitor method in controls and in 38 patients with known chronic pancreatitis in order to evaluate its use as a diagnostic test. The mean pancreatic isoamylase in those with chronic pancreatitis (68 ± 77 IU/l) was significantly lower (p <0.005) than in controls (113 ± 60 IU/I). The diagnostic sensitivity of pancreatic isoamylase was 50% (compared to total amylase 9%) and had a specificity of 95%. Stimulation tests with cholecystokinin and secretin failed to increase the sensitivity of the test. A low value of pancreatic isoamylase strongly supports a diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis and may obviate the need for further investigation.     

人字曲作用下上颌切牙段应力分布的三维有限元分析

目的研究上颌切牙段在方丝弓"T"形曲近远中各加15°"人"字曲的情况下牙齿及牙周支持组织应力分布及移动趋势。方法三维有限元分析方法,所采用的模型为包括牙齿、牙周膜、牙槽骨、托槽、弓丝在内的左侧上颌切牙段有限元模型[1]。模型上模拟"T"形曲近远中各加15°"人"字曲的情况进行加载。结果在"人"字曲加力的瞬间,侧切牙与中切牙相比更趋近于可控性的倾斜移动;无论是位移和应力水平侧切牙均显著高于中切牙。结论"人"字曲的使用,可以更好地控制间隙两侧牙齿的移动。     

Fast three-dimensional numerical hemolysis approximation

The in vivo implantation of a mechanical device contributes to hemodynamic disturbances, which are responsible for damage to the membranes of red blood cells that in turn can lead to their rupture (hemolysis). It is important to ascertain at the design stage of such mechanical devices that they are innocuous to blood. Because there is no in vivo hemolysis index, we concentrated our efforts on the in vitro hemolysis index of the American Society for Testing and Material (ASTM) standard. We present in this work a framework for minimizing medical device-induced hemolysis by the development of a numerical method for predicting hemolysis similar to that used in in vitro experiments. The method is based on a novel interpretation of the Giersiepen-Wurzinger blood damage correlation that replaces the computation of blood damage along the streamline by a volume integration of a damage function over the computational domain. We assess the behavior and accuracy of this methodology with 3D examples.     

洼地绵羊苹果酸脱氢酶同工酶研究

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶垂直板电泳对76只洼地绵羊的苹果酸脱氢酶(MDH)的多态性进行检测和分析结果发现,MDH基因座2个等位基因MDHF和MDHS的频率分别为0.4868和0.5132,3种基因型FF、FS和SS的频率分别为0.1447、0.6842和0.1711。另在MDH同工酶染色方法上也做了新的尝试。     

腰椎节段形态对峡部、小关节应力及小关节接触力影响的有限元分析

目的:探讨腰椎形态结构变化对峡部裂性滑脱及小关节退变的作用和意义。方法:采用改良的“非种子区域分割方法”及非平行“最佳切割平面”等一系列新型计算机辅助设计(CAD)方法精确建立包括椎间盘高度、腰椎小关节角、椎间盘前凸角改变的L4~L5活动节段有限元模型;在2700N轴向压缩载荷条件下,分别对各有限元模型的峡部、小关节应力、小关节接触力以及椎间盘负载进行测试。结果:压缩载荷下,腰椎活动节段峡部、小关节等效应力及小关节接触力随椎间盘高度的减小而减小,随小关节角的增大而增加,随椎间盘前凸角的增加而减小。结论:椎间盘高度、腰椎小关节角、椎间盘前凸角等形态结构变化对腰椎节段有限元模型的峡部、小关节应力及小关节接触力有明显的影响。提示腰椎峡部应力性骨折及小关节退变的发生与椎间盘高度、腰椎小关节角、椎间盘前凸角等解剖形态因素有关。     

153Sm-EDTMP吸收剂量的MonteCarlo和MIRD算法比较

目的以153Sm-乙二胺四甲撑膦酸(153Sm-EDTMP)治疗鼻咽癌多发性骨转移为例,分别用蒙特卡罗法(Monte Carlo,MC)和MIRD方法计算153Sm-EDTMP治疗后病灶和骨髓等靶器官的吸收剂量,探讨其临床应用之不同.方法基于病人时序性SPECT/CT扫描和累积尿液的放射性测定,利用优化的MC EGS4程序和MIRD方法分别计算病灶和其他靶器官的吸收剂量.结果MC EGS4法计算结果提示病灶内剂量分布不均匀.患者注射153Sm-EDTMP 33.6×37 MBq,左髂骨转移病灶最高吸收剂量约为5.6 Gy,病灶边缘的吸收剂量为2.0 Gy,以病灶区最高剂量点为参考点,则椎体、皮质、骨髓、脊髓和盆腔组织仅相当于最高剂量的37%、12%、13%、21%和2%;MIRD方法的计算数据仅能粗略提示全身红骨髓吸收剂量,为2.39 Gy.结论MC EGS4方法能准确计算病灶、骨髓和其他靶器官的内照射吸收剂量,故可以真正指导核素临床治疗;而MIRD仅能大致评估153Sm-EDTMP的骨髓毒性.     

正交试验法优选蓝玉簪龙胆提取工艺

目的 研究蓝玉簪龙胆水煎煮工艺,优选最佳水提工艺条件。方法 采用正交试验法,以出膏率和龙胆苦苷含量为检测指标,用正交试验考察3种因素（加水量、煎煮次数、煎煮时间）对其含量的影响。结果 蓝玉簪龙胆的最佳水提工艺条件为：加20倍量水,煎煮3次,每次1．5h。结论 本实验为蓝玉簪龙胆药材及制剂的研究奠定了初步基础。     

应用全脑逐像素形态学自动分析方法研究阿尔茨海默氏病的灰质缺失

目的采用计算机处理核磁共振图像(magnetic resonance imaging,MRI),研究阿尔茨海默氏病(Alzheime's disease,AD)患者的灰质萎缩区域。方法采用逐像素形态学(voxeI-based morphometry,VBM)方法。结果和正常老年人对照组相比,AD病人的海马、海马旁回、内嗅皮层、杏仁体、尾状核头部、颞中回、扣带回、顶下小叶、岛叶和前额叶背外侧区双侧萎缩；右侧丘脑枕、颞上回、顶上小叶不同程度萎缩,而感觉运动皮层、小脑和枕叶相对保持完好。结论 VBM方法克服了以往使用人工勾画感兴趣区(ROI)方法的可重复性差,费时等缺点,可以客观、自动和全面地分析AD的灰质减少,具有良好的临床应用前景。