Composition of Dietary Fatty Acids and Health Risks in Japanese Youths

In the overall composition of dietary fatty acids (FAs), the quantity of each FA is interrelated with that of others. We examined the associations between dietary FA composition and cardiometabolic risk in Japanese youths. Risk factors (anthropometric characteristics, serum lipid and liver enzyme levels, and blood pressure) were measured in 5485 junior-high-school students. Dietary intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire. The mean saturated FA (SFA), monounsaturated FA (MUFA), omega-6 polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs), and omega-3 PUFAs intake were 9.6%E, 10.3%E, 6.3%E, and 1.1%E, respectively. In compositional regression analysis controlled for confounders, a high intake of omega-6 PUFAs relative to others was associated with low low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol levels (LDL-C; p = 0.003), and relative SFA intake was associated with high levels of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (p = 0.019). Relative omega-3 PUFAs intake was associated with low blood pressure (p = 0.005–0.034) but had unfavorable effects on adiposity and alanine transaminase. Substitutional models showed similar results for omega-6 PUFAs on LDL-C, but MUFA had inconsistent effects on risk factors. The results from the compositional data analysis were consistent with previous studies and clinical practice/knowledge. Focusing on increasing omega-6 PUFAs in Japanese youths could have favorable consequences in the long term.     

流行性乙型脑炎患者体内干扰素变化的临床意义

目的 :了解流行性乙型脑炎 (乙脑 )患者体内干扰素 (IFN)水平的变化。方法 :采用细胞病变抑制法 (CPE)检测5 1例乙脑患者血清及脑脊液 (CSF)中的IFN水平。结果 :(1)急性期血清及CSF中的IFN水平均显著升高 ,恢复期显著下降 ,但仍明显高于正常对照 ;CSF中的含量高于血液 ,并与病情的严重程度关系密切。 (2 )采用IFN肌肉注射治疗的患者用药后血清中IFN升高 ,但CSF中IFN水平未见升高 ,而且临床主要症状及体征改善与未用IFN组无显著差异。结论　 (1)IFN参与了乙型脑炎的发病过程。 (2 )IFN治疗并不能提高疗效 ,临床上不易贸然使用 ,需寻找其它更为有效的抗病毒治疗方法。     

二羟丙腺苷加高压氧对小鼠脑炎病毒感染的抑制作用

目的 :研究S型与RS型二羟丙腺苷 (DHPA)与高压氧联用对人工感染小白鼠体内日本乙型脑炎 (乙脑 )病毒的抑制作用。方法 :整个实验用两株不同乙脑病毒分两次进行。每次一株 ,乙脑病毒接种小白鼠后将其分组 ,接种后 4～ 6h开始治疗 ,连续 5d ,于开始治疗后第二周末结束实验 ,计算每组小鼠死亡与存活数。结果 :对照组与 (S) DHPA/高压氧联合治疗组及 (RS) DHPA/高压氧联合治疗组效果差异有高度显著性 (P分别 <0 .0 2 5及 <0 .0 1) ,对照组与其他组治疗效果差异无显著性 (P均 >0 .0 5 )。结果 :(S) DHPA或 /及 (RS) DHPA与高压氧联合治疗可抑制人工感染小鼠体内日本乙型脑炎病毒的致病作用。     

Tumor Necrosis Factor Gene Polymorphism in Chronic Sinusitis

Objectives It is likely that genetic factors play a role in the etiology of chronic sinusitis, and airway inflammation is an important pathological feature in chronic sinusitis. We hypothesized that individuals with greater inflammatory responses may be more likely to acquire the disease. Polymorphisms of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) genes have been described, and certain inflammatory diseases are reportedly associated with certain alleles of TNF genes. The purpose of this study is to examine whether there is an association between some alleles of TNF genes and chronic sinusitis. Study Design Thirty‐eight Japanese patients with intractable chronic sinusitis were selected on the basis of the following criteria: 1) persistent mucous or mucopurulent nasal discharge and/or postnasal dripping for longer than 3 years and 2) opacification in bilateral maxillary sinuses and ethmoid cells on plain radiographic films. Methods Both tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) and tumor necrosis factor‐β (TNF‐β) gene polymorphisms were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with restriction fragment length polymorphisms in these patients and 35 healthy control subjects. Results A significantly higher frequency (P < .05) of TNFB*2 allele of TNF‐β gene polymorphism was observed in patients with chronic sinusitis (74%) compared with control subjects (56%). There was no association between alleles of TNF‐α and chronic sinusitis. Conclusion We concluded that TNF‐β gene polymorphism may form a component of the genetic predisposition to chronic sinusitis in Japanese patients.     

云南省金平县蚊虫及其与流行性乙型脑炎病毒关系的调查

1990年8月在金平县捕获成蚊4属18种5654只,其中库蚊9种、按蚊7种、伊蚊1种、阿蚊1种。中华按蚊、伪杂鳞库蚊和三带喙库蚊为优势蚊种。该县人群血清中乙型脑炎病毒抗体阳性率为21.33％(16/75)。三带喙库蚊和伪杂鳞库蚊可能是当地乙型脑炎病毒的传播媒介。     

流行性乙型脑炎减毒活疫苗免疫学效果观察

1998年5月,我们在江苏省新沂市选择1～1．5岁健康儿童进行流行性乙型脑炎（乙脑）减毒活疫苗免疫学效果观察．免疫前和免疫后1个月各采血检测乙脑反向被动血凝（RPHI）抗体．检测到合格双份血清87人,抗体测定免疫前阴性44人．其免疫后抗体阳转率为93．18％,免疫前阳性43人,其免疫后抗体≥4倍增长率为34．88％,表明乙脑减毒活疫苗的免疫成功率是较高的．     

Cohort study of the total leukocyte count and periodontal disease among company employees

There have been few epidemiological studies of the relationship between the leukocyte count and dental disease. In the present study, therefore, we investigated the relationship between oral health indicated by the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN) and the total leukocyte count in the cohort study. The 1,035 subjects were male factory workers employed at a chemical factory in Osaka, Japan. Their oral conditions were recorded as the CPITN score. The relationship between the total leukocyte count and the oral condition of the subjects classified according to their smoking habits was investigated over a 5-year period. Among the current smokers, the total leukocyte count was highest each year for the group with CPITN level 4, followed by those with CPITN levels 3 and 2 in descending order, showing that the total leukocyte count was reduced as the periodontal diseases ameliorated. Among the nonsmokers, the total leukocyte count was high every year in the group with CPITN levels 4 or 3 compared to that of the group with CPITN level 2. The fluctuations of the total leukocyte count in current smokers and nonsmokers whose CPITN score increase or decreased in five years was investigated. There were no significant differences among the all groups.     

云南省盈江县蚊虫调查及乙型脑炎病毒分离

1984年及1989年7～8月,在盈江县捕获成年雌性蚊虫7属32种632O只,霜背库蚊、三带喙库蚊和棕头库蚊是农村畜圈的主要蚊种,伪白纹伊蚊和白纹伊蚊是野外竹林区的优势蚊种。对所获蚊虫用C6/36细胞和小白鼠方法分离病毒,从三带喙库蚊和窄翅伊蚊中各分离到1株乙型脑炎病毒。分析认为三带喙库蚊是当地乙型脑淡病毒的主要传播媒介,窄翅伊蚊亦可参与该病毒的传播。