5α-还原酶I型同功酶基因在人睾丸、附睾和输精管组织中的表达

我们对人５α－还原酶Ｉ型同功酶基因在正常人睾丸、附睾及输精管组织细胞内的定位表达进行了初步的研究。采用非同位素地高辛标记ｃＲＮＡ探针对人睾丸、附睾和输精管组织冰冻切片进行原位杂交。结果：人睾丸Ｓｅｒｔｏｌｉ和Ｌｅｙｄｉｇ细胞胞浆、附睾和输精管上皮的主细胞及假复层柱状上皮细胞的胞浆中均有较强的杂交信号；细胞核中未见杂交信号；睾丸生精细胞及基底膜、附睾和输精管上皮的基底膜、间质和肌层也未见杂交信号。证明人与灵长类和大鼠的５α－还原酶基因表达及其分布基本一致。本结果对深入研究５α－还原酶及其产物在人类生殖中的作用具重要意义。     

东方田鼠乳酸脱氢酶同工酶的研究

为了解普通级KM、NIH、BABL/c小鼠群的健康状况,对2288只淘汰的繁殖群小鼠进行剖检。结果发现KM繁殖群1（KM-1）、KM繁殖群2（KM-2）、NIH、BALB/c小鼠的肺部病变分别为：19.20%（192/1000）、11.85%(34/287)、7.80%(39/500)、11.98%(60/501);其中肺炎分别占：13.3%()133/1000)、5.57%（16/287）、4.60%(23/500)、9.38%(47/501);肺肿瘤分别占：5.90%(59/1000)、6.27(18/287)、3.20%(16/500)、2.59%(13/501)。肝脏病变分别为：20.7%(207/1000)、5.57%(16/287)、4.60%(23/500)、1.80%(9/501)。脾脏病变分别为：18.0%(18/1000)、4.88%(14/287)、2.20%(11/500)、1.20%(6/501)。其它器官系统也出现程度不同的病变。剖检结果提示：普通级小鼠群必须提高级别,从实验动物设施、饲养环境条件、饲养方法等诸多方面达到清洁极标准,否则普通级小鼠将影响科研、生产、鉴定等试验结果的准确性、可靠性及重复性。     

Differentiation of human alkaline phosphatases by lectin binding affinity

Summary Purified human alkaline phosphatases were separated by lectin binding affinity to Wheat germ lectin-Sepharose, Concanavalin A-Sepharose and Lentil lectin-Sepharose into three isoenzymes: the placental, the intestinal and the liver-bone-kidney-type isoenzyme. Therefore, the carbohydrate chains of purified human alkaline phosphatases demonstrate the same isoenzyme classes than studies on structural, catalytical or immunological properties. The liver-bone-kidney-type isoenzyme shows a not yet described microheterogeneity on Concanavalin A and Lentil lectin. Thus, lectin binding affinity is a useful tool for the purification and separation of human alkaline phosphatase.This study was supported by a grant of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Le 205/8)     

迟发性神经元损伤的实验研究沙土鼠脑海马区组织酶谱及同工酶谱的变化

本文用蒙古沙土鼠制作迟发性神经元损伤(DND)动物模型。在5min脑缺血及缺血后重灌流1～96h,测定了动物脑海马CA_1区组织乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、α—羟丁酸脱氢酶(α—HBDH)、磷酸肌酸激酶(CK)、谷草转氨酶(GOT)、谷丙转氨酶(GPT)和碱性磷酸酶(ALP)的活性以及LDH及CK同工酶分布的经时变化。本实验的结果进一步证实了能量代谢的变化是DND发生机理中最重要的因素。     

电烧伤患者血清肌酸磷酸激酶变化的临床意义

目的　探讨血清肌酸磷酸激酶 (craetinephosphokinase ,CK)同工酶 (CK MM )的变化对电烧伤患者肌肉感染、坏死的诊断价值。　方法　高压电击伤与电弧烧伤各 17例分为A、B两组。A组为手术证实有明显的肌肉坏死者 ,B组为手术证实无肌肉坏死者。分别监测患者伤后、术前及术后血清CK MM的浓度 ,同期进行血、尿常规 ,肝、肾功能及创面细菌计数检查 ,并以 2 0例正常人血清CK MM值为对照。结果　 (1)A组伤后及扩创术后 1d血清CK MM的浓度显著升高 ,达正常对照组的 6倍 ;术后 3d 15例降至正常 ,2例因创面感染CK MM仍维持较高水平 ,经再次扩创抗感染处理后降至正常。其变化与手术所见、外周血白细胞计数变化及创面细菌计数相一致。 (2 )B组植皮术前及术后CK MM值轻度升高。　结论　CK MM可作为电击伤肌肉感染、坏死的监测指标 ,具有较高的特异性和敏感性。     

Leucine biosynthesis in yeast

Summary Tetrad analysis indicates that -isopropylmalate synthase activity of yeast is determined by two separate genes, designated LEU4 and LEU5. LEU4 is identified as a structural gene. LEU5 either encodes another -isopropylmalate synthase activity by itself or provides some function needed for the expression of a second structural gene. The properties of mutants affecting the biosynthesis of leucine and its regulation suggest that the expression of LEU1 and LEU2 (structural genes encoding isopropylmalate isomerase and -isopropylmalate dehydrogenase, respectively) is controlled by a complex of a-isopropylmalate and a regulatory element (the LEU3 gene product). Similarities and differences between yeast and Neurospora crassa with respect to leucine biosynthesis are discussed.This is Journal Paper No. 9347 of the Agricultural Experiment Station, Purdue University     

Amebic liver abscess in a european patient: Zymodeme classification ofentamoeba histolytica

Summary This is a case report of a 36-year-old patient who developed an amebic liver abscess after a stay in the Sudan. He was first misdiagnosed as having pneumonia of the right lower lobe. Following establishment of the correct diagnosis, the patient recovered fully after metronidazole treatment. The fecal culture in Robinson's medium yielded extensive growth ofEntamoeba histolytica. Electrophoretic characterization proved it to be a zymodeme XIX, which is one of the zymodemes associated with pathogenicity in the host. This first report of a zymodeme classification ofE. histolytica in Germany should initiate further epidemiological studies.Abkürzungsverzeichnis E. histolytica Entamoeba histolytica - GPI glucose phosphate isomerase - ME malic enzyme - PGM phosphoglucomutase - HK hexokinase - MIFC Merthiolate-iodine-formaldehyde concentration technique     

Exercise-induced muscle damage in the rat: the effect of vitamin E deficiency

Rats, fed a vitamin-E-deficient diet for 6 weeks, performed treadmill exercise for 2 h. Muscle damage was assessed by measuring the creatine kinase (CK) activity in plasma before and after exercise, and by studying semithin longitudinal sections of the soleus muscle 48 h after running. Vitamin-E-deficient male and female rats showed an increased post-exercise CK activity when compared to matched controls, but male rats showed a larger CK response than females. This rise in plasma CK activity was caused mainly by an increased activity of the muscle-specific CK-isoenzyme, CK-MM (males + 1238%; females + 540%, P<0.05). In a parallel histological study we observed in vitamin-E-deficient male rats a dramatic and significant disturbance of the normal cyto-architecture of the muscle fibres after exercise (focal necrosis, phagocytosis and cellular infiltrates), whereas in females only minor, non-significant, changes were seen. We conclude that vitamin E deficiency enhances the susceptibility to exercise-induced muscle damage in male rats more than in female rats. This difference between the sexes is attributed to the protective effect of oestradiol that remains operative in female rats when the vitamin E status is disturbed: male rats lack such hormonal protection.     

碱性磷酸酶骨同工酶的测定及其与骨肉瘤的相关性研究

对骨肉瘤的诊断、化疗效果的评价、预后的判断以及对骨肉瘤复发和转移的量化性监测的价值。方法：采用单克隆抗体免疫捕获法检测42例原发性骨肉瘤患者在治疗前后及随访期间血清中BALP，全自动生化仪检测血清总碱性磷酸酶（alkaline phosphatase，ALP），取治疗前活检组织及手术中肿瘤组织标本，计数肿瘤细胞坏死率，并对检测结果进行比较、分析。结果：本组42例患者随访5～49个月，平均24.3个月，随访期间18例出现复发转移，16例死亡，其余患者均为无瘤生存。BALP比ALP在骨肉瘤的诊断上具有更高的灵敏性（P=0.015）；手术后ALP和BALP均降低至正常范围。化疗后BALP的降低比值与肿瘤细胞坏死率的升高呈正相关(P=0.001 r=0.642)。随访期间肿瘤复发转移组与无瘤生存组ALP差异无统计学意义（P=0.061），但在BALP水平上差异有统计学意义（P=0.000）。结论：BALP作为骨肉瘤血清学检查的一个指标，具有比ALP更高的灵敏度，在骨肉瘤的诊断、治疗效果的监测和预后的判断上具有很高的应用价值。     

长沙市常见的三种蟑螂的G-6-PDH和LDH同工酶的比较研究

本文对长沙市常见的三种室内蟑螂(黑胸大蠊、美洲大蠊和德国小蠊)的葡萄糖—6—磷酸脱氢酶同工醇和乳酸脱氢酶同工酶进行了测定和比较研究,发现它们在酶谱上都存在着差异,其中德国小蠊的差异较为明显,而黑胸大蠊和美洲大蠊相对地较为接近。本文观察结果与三种蟑螂在分类学上的亲疏关系是一致的。