邵长荣辨治“喘肿”经验

阐述邵长荣教授所提出＂喘肿＂的概念,并分析其病机,提出治疗＂喘肿＂具体四法：宣肺通阳利水法、温阳化饮利水法、疏肝清肺利水法、健脾纳肾法。     

糖尿病前期人群健康管理的研究思路

糖尿病前期人群是发展成为糖尿病的高危群体,在糖尿病前期进行干预是防止其进展为糖尿病的最佳阶段,故不断探讨及完善糖尿病前期人群健康管理的研究思路具有重要意义。本文提出以中医“治未病”理论为指导,对糟尿病前期人群作出健康风险评估、制定适宜的生活干预方式、给予个性化的健康指导,并归纳糖调节受损易患人群的体质特点,以期形成规范化的健康管理体系。     

“呬”字诀呼吸操对稳定期 COPD 患者生存质量的影响

目的：探讨“呬”字诀对稳定期COPD患者生存质量的影响。方法选取稳定期COPD患者63例,随机分为试验组（31例）和对照组（32例）,试验组在常规治疗和护理基础上进行3个月“呬”字诀呼吸操训练,对照组仅进行常规治疗和护理。待训练结束后,采用吸系统疾病特异性生存质量量表（ SGRQ）、医疗资源利用情况（住院次数、住院时间、访问急诊次数）等指标对两组患者的生存质量进行评价。结果经过3个月干预后,试验组SGRQ总分、活动领域、影响领域三者得分明显低于对照组（ P＜0.01）;住院次数、住院天数显著少于对照组患者（P＜0.01）。结论“呬”字诀简单易行,且能有效减少稳定期COPD患者住院次数、缩短住院时间,从而提高其生存质量,值得在临床、社区康复工作中推广、应用。     

中药对药治疗小儿肾病探析

肾病是小儿泌尿系常见疑难病,西医多应用激素和免疫抑制剂治疗,有较大副作用。在我们长期的临床实践中发现中医药治疗小儿肾病可以提高缓解率,减少复发率,减少西药的毒副作用,有较大优势,并且在临床应用中发现有不少固定组合的对药或组药,可以明显提高临床疗效。     

曹志群基于气机升降理论运用药串治疗消化系统疾病经验

"药串"是指相对固定的3味或3味以上的药物组合,作为中药配伍的独立单元,是针对一定病证,从历代医家用药经验中提炼出来的行之有效的、符合一定理论依据和法度的固定配伍。曹志群提出了"脏腑气血升降—在经(气)、入络(血)—久病及肾"的辨证模式,运用药串升降、消补、燥润、清化等方法治疗消化系统疾病,积累了丰富经验。从肺大肠、脾胃、肝胆气机升降三个方面列举运用药串治疗反流性食管炎、溃疡性结肠炎、功能性便秘、消化道溃疡、慢性胃炎、消化吸收不良综合征、胆囊炎、反流性胃炎等消化系统疾病经验。     

突发性耳聋的病因及其治疗进展

突发性耳聋（sudden hearing loss）属耳科常见急症之一,是突然发生的原因不明的感音神经性耳聋.病人的听力突然明显减退（多为单侧耳）,一般在数分钟或数小时内下降至最低点,少数病人可在三天以内丧失听力;大部分病人伴有耳鸣,部分病人有耳内发闷、胀满及阻塞感;有一少部分病人有耳聋同时伴有眩晕,自觉有旋转感,常伴恶心、呕吐,多于发病一周左右减轻,除第Ⅷ颅神经外,无其它颅神经症状.近几年来,国内外学者对其发病的原因和治疗进行了深入系统的研究,现将有关突发性耳聋病因及治疗进展进行综述.     

Neonatal intestinal perforation in Hirschsprung's disease

Over a period of 18 years, 77 of 135 patients treated for Hirschsprung's disease (HD) presented in the neonatal period. Of these 77 patients, 8 had gastrointestinal (GI) perforations. Seven patients were born at full term and 1 at 32 weeks of gestation. Three patients had associated trisomy 21. The site of perforation included rectum in 1 patient, sigmoid in 1, descending colon in 1, transverse colon in 2, caecum in 2, and jejunum in 1. Perforations occurred in ganglionic bowel in 7 patients and in the aganglionic segment in 1. One patient died in the newborn period of overwhelming sepsis secondary to enterocolitis, and histology of the bowel confirmed HD. In 6 patients HD was confirmed on barium enema and suction rectal biopsy, and they subsequently underwent a definitive pull-through operation. The 1 patient in whom the initial barium enema was normal continued to suffer from constipation until the age of 7 years, when the diagnosis of HD was established. He then underwent a pull-through procedure with no further problems. An association between neonatal intestinal perforation and HD must therefore be recognised to avoid delay in the management. Correspondence to: P. Puri     

Yellow Hyaline Membrane Disease in Neonates: Clinical Diagnosis by Tracheal Aspiration Cytology

Yellow hyaline membrane disease (YMH) of the neonate may be diagnosed clinically by tracheal aspiration cytology, an easily accessible, noninvasive, and safe technique. Since the frequent association of yellow membranes and kernicterus in premature infants at relatively low levels of serum bilirubin is significant, this means of diagnosis during life may be useful in identifying infants at risk for kernicterus. We also suggest use of this technique in evaluating the role of possible factors in the pathophysiology of yellow hyaline membranes.     

The KoreaN Cohort Study for Outcomes in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease (KNOW-CKD): A Korean Chronic Kidney Disease Cohort

The KoreaN Cohort Study for Outcomes in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease (KNOW-CKD) was launched in 2011 with the support of the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency. The study was designed with the aim of exploring the various clinical features and characteristics of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Koreans, and elucidating the risk factors for CKD progression and adverse outcomes of CKD. For the cohort study, nephrologists at 9 tertiary university-affiliated hospitals participated in patient recruitment and follow-up. Biostatisticians and epidemiologists also participated in the basic design and structuring of the study. From 2011 until 2016, the KNOW-CKD Phase I recruited 2238 adult patients with CKD from stages G1 to G5, who were not receiving renal replacement therapy. The KNOW-CKD Phase II recruitment was started in 2019, with an enrollment target of 1500 subjects, focused on diabetic nephropathy and hypertensive kidney diseases in patients with reduced kidney function who are presumed to be at a higher risk of adverse outcomes. As of 2021, the KNOW-CKD investigators have published articles in the fields of socioeconomics, quality of life, nutrition, physical activity, renal progression, cardiovascular disease and outcomes, anemia, mineral bone disease, serum and urine biomarkers, and international and inter-ethnic comparisons. The KNOW-CKD researchers will elaborate a prediction model for various outcomes of CKD such as the development of end-stage kidney disease, major adverse cardiovascular events, and death.