Recurrence of phaeochromocytoma in pregnancy in a patient with multiple endocrine neoplasia 2A: a case report and review of literature

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A (MEN 2A) is an autosomal dominant inherited condition with a prevalence of one in 40?000 individuals. It causes the development of tumours in endocrine glands, such as medullary thyroid cancer, pheochromocytomas, as well as primary hyperparathyroidism. MEN 2A in pregnancy is very rare with only 29 cases reported in the literature. The presence of pheochromocytoma is a rare cause of hypertension during pregnancy with an incidence of 0.007% of all pregnancies. This has severe implications on both mother and the foetus. This case report describes a 22-year-old nulliparous Caucasian woman with known MEN2A syndrome, who underwent thyroidectomy for medullary thyroid carcinoma in childhood and excision of left sided pheochromocytoma at the age of 19. She was found to have a recurrence of pheochromocytoma in the right adrenal gland during pregnancy at 16 weeks of gestation and was oddly normotensive. Catecholamine effects were blocked with phenoxybenzamine and she delivered by an uneventful elective caesarean section at 36 weeks gestation. She underwent a laparoscopic right adrenalectomy six weeks postpartum, followed by lifelong corticosteroid replacement.     

中国胰腺癌发病趋势分析和预测

目的利用中国肿瘤登记地区1998-2007年胰腺癌发病登记数据分析胰腺癌发病趋势，并预测2008--2015年中国胰腺癌的发病情况。方法计算各年份胰腺癌的粗发病率，直接法计算中国人口标准化率，采用JoinPoint软件对中国肿瘤登记地区1998-2007年胰腺癌发病数据进行趋势分析，计算年度平均变化率。应用贝叶斯年龄一时期一队列模型对数据进行拟合，估计年龄、时期、队列参数效应并预测2008-2015年全国胰腺癌发病情况。结果1998-2007年城市男性粗发病率每年以1．86%的比例上升，中国人口标准化率上升趋势不明显；女性粗发病率每年上升2．1%，中国人口标准化率上升趋势不明显。农村男性粗发病率每年上升7．54%，中国人口标准化率每年上升4．82%；女性分别上升7．83%和5．48%。预测模型显示年龄效应、时期效应和队列效应均在胰腺癌发病中起重要作用。估计2015年新发胰腺癌103 428例，其中男性60 500例，女性42 928例，较2008年增加15 277例。结论中国胰腺癌发病率呈上升趋势，其中农村地区上升明显，城市地区上升速度略缓，到2015年总体上升趋势有所减缓，但短期内胰腺癌仍然是主要癌症。     

阴道上皮内瘤变治疗方式的研究进展

阴道上皮内瘤变(Va IN)是一种不常见的无症状的癌前病变。其病因和演变成浸润性癌的潜在原因尚不清楚。其发病率虽较低,但仍会威胁患者的生命健康,特别是高级别的病变。Va IN经早期治疗后常常可以转归,但由于高危的复发及进展可能需长期谨慎的随诊。目前该病无标准的治疗指南,且每种治疗方法都有其优缺点,因此就每例患者的特点而选择恰当的方法显得尤其重要。     

子宫颈癌及宫颈上皮内瘤变流行病学调查

目的 了解湖北航天医院就诊患者中子宫颈癌及宫颈上皮内瘤变的发病年龄及其病理类型趋势的变化,为我院妇科体检提供相关科学依据.方法 以湖北航天医院1991～2010年病理检查资料为材料,分别统计各年龄组的发病情况,并采用方差分析对数据进行流行病学调查.结果 患者的年龄范围21-76岁,宫颈癌患病高峰年龄段为41～55岁；宫颈上皮内瘤变患病高峰年龄段为36～45岁.前十年和后十年患病高峰年龄段对比分析差异无显著性(P＞0.01).结论 我院未出现明显宫颈癌及宫颈上皮内瘤变患病年轻化趋势,应加大对36～55岁妇女的普查和健康教育的力度,做好1、2级预防工作.本资料可为我院宫颈癌及宫颈上皮内瘤变的防治提供基础资料和决策依据.     

Adherence to follow-up in women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 1

ObjectivesAdherence to follow-up is crucial for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 1 (CIN1) because these women have a chance of progression to high-grade premalignant cervical lesions and cervical cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the rate of adherence to follow-up in women who were initially diagnosed with CIN 1 over a period of 24 months and to evaluate the regression and progression rate of CIN 1.Material and methodsOf 1050 women who visited a colposcopy clinic from October 2013 through March 2017, 138 with histologically proven as CIN 1 were recruited. Adherence to follow-up, the regression and progression rate of CIN 1 were retrospectively assessed.ResultsOf the 138 women, 86 (62.3%) followed regularly until the study endpoint at 24 months. During the study period, 10 women received ablative treatment. The regression rate in women who had surveillance with cervical cytology was 69.7%, persistent disease of 18.4%, and progression to CIN 2–3 of 11.8%. In contrast, 80% of women who received ablative treatment had regression, 20% of them had persistent disease but none had progression.ConclusionsNearly 40% of women with CIN 1 were lost to follow-up at 24 months. Adherence to the follow-up should be emphasized to all women. Intensive interventions to improve adherence and clinical outcome might be an option, particularly among women with poor compliance.