四妙勇安汤加味合血塞通治疗小儿钩端螺旋体脑动脉炎疗效分析

目的：探讨四妙勇安汤加味合血塞通注射液对钩端螺旋体脑动脉炎的临床疗效。方法：从入院先后随机分组对照,治疗组口服四妙勇安汤加味,静滴血塞通;对照组肌注青霉素,静滴维脑路通加脑细胞激活剂。结果：治疗组治愈率65.22％,总有效率95.65％;对照组治愈率37.5%,总有效率84.37％。两组治愈率、总有效率比较有显著性差异（P＜0.05）,治疗组治疗后血液流变学各项指标明显下降,而对照组仅有部分改善。结论：四妙勇安汤加味联用血塞通注射液治疗钩端螺旋体脑动脉炎临床效果显著,优于常规西医治疗。     

板兰根冲剂致药疹1例

1　病例介绍患者冯某,男,18岁,入院前4天因自觉咽喉疼痛,遂自服“板兰根冲剂(北京同仁堂制药二厂生产)2包。因药后症状未缓解,也未再服用。入院前1日在腹部出现红色细小斑丘疹,微痒,未予重视。夜间皮疹逐渐增多,泛发全身,尤以面部、胸腹部为多,自觉瘙痒,伴见口苦咽痛,便干尿黄,纳差,眠差,舌质红苔黄,脉弦数。于1998年9月26日入院。查体:神差懒言,咽部充血(),心肺无异常。T:37.7℃,R:17次/分。皮肤科检查:全身泛发鲜红色斑丘疹,针尖至米粒大小,密集成片,皮疹尤以面部、胸腹部为多,皮温高。血常规检查示:白细胞15.4×109/L,中性36%,淋巴64%…     

视神经萎缩的治疗临床研究

目的 探讨视神经萎缩的有效治疗方法。方法 对324例526例眼视神经萎缩患,用胞二磷胆碱、肌苷做球后注射。结果 临床治愈88例,显效261例,进步106眼,有效率86．9％,收到了较满意的效果。结论 胞二磷胆碱、肌苷可通过卵磷脂的合成改善视神经周围的血液循环,刺激和促进视神经纤维的生物修补,从而导致视神经功能的改善和恢复。     

紫外光谱法测定利巴韦利葡萄糖注射液中利巴韦林的含量

目的建立利巴韦林葡萄糖注射液中利巴韦林的快速测定方法.方法用紫外分光光度法直接测定利巴韦林葡萄糖注射液中利巴韦林的含量.结果在207 nm处,以水为溶媒,利巴韦林葡萄糖注射液中利巴韦林浓度在3～15μg/ml,与其相应的吸收度呈良好的线性关系(n=5;r=0.999 9),样品平均回收率为101.4%±0.53%.结论该法简便快速、准确可靠,适合药房快速分析.     

Utility and Prognostic Ability of a Diagnostic Injection Before Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty

BackgroundDiagnostic injections are commonly utilized in the workup of painful total knee arthroplasties (TKA), particularly when the diagnosis remains unclear. However, current literature provides limited evidence regarding the utility and prognostic capability of anesthetic injections in this scenario. This study sought to establish the role of diagnostic injections in predicting successful revision TKA.MethodsA retrospective review was conducted on 144 consecutive aseptic revision TKAs receiving diagnostic anesthetic injections. Instability (57.6%) and aseptic loosening (33.3%) comprised most revision etiologies. Patient-reported percentage pain relief after the injection was statistically correlated with KOOS JR, Knee Society Score, UCLA Activity Level, and satisfaction scores.ResultsAbout 74.3% (107/144) of revision TKAs reported >50% pain relief after injection. There were no differences in pain relief based on revision indication (P = .841). Improvement from preoperative activity level was greater in the >50% pain relief group (P = .024). Four-month patient satisfaction did not differ between patients who reported >50% and ≤50% pain relief (67% vs. 66%, P = .130). About 64% of patients who reported >50% pain relief were satisfied at minimum 1-year follow-up, compared with only 47% of those who reported ≤50% pain relief after diagnostic injection (P < .001).ConclusionStudy results show that patients reporting >50% pain relief after diagnostic injection have improvements in activity level and maintain greater satisfaction at minimum 1-year than those reporting ≤50% pain relief. Expectations for improvement after revision TKA should be tempered if diagnostic anesthetic injection yields minimal subjective pain relief.     

Small animal jet injection technique results in enhanced immunogenicity of hantavirus DNA vaccines

DNA vaccine evaluation in small animals is hampered by low immunogenicity when the vaccines are delivered using a needle and syringe. To overcome this technical hurdle we tested the possibility that a device developed for human intradermal medicine delivery might be adapted to successfully deliver a DNA vaccine to small animals. Disposable syringe jet injection (DSJI) does not currently exist for small animals. However, a commercialized, human intradermal device used to to administer medicines to the human dermis in a 0.1 mL volume was evaluated in Syrian hamsters. Here, we found that hantavirus DNA vaccines administered to hamsters using DSJI were substantially more immunogenic than the same vaccines delivered by needle/syringe or particle mediated epidermal delivery (gene gun) vaccination. By adjusting how the device was used we could deliver vaccine to either subcutaneous tissues, or through the skin into the muscle. RNA and/or antigen expression was detected in epidermal, subepidermal and fibroblast cells. We directly compared six optimized and non-optimized hantavirus DNA vaccines in hamsters. Optimization, including codon-usage and mRNA stability, did not necessarily result in increased immunogenicity for all vaccines tested; however, optimization of the Andes virus (ANDV) DNA vaccine protected vaccinated hamsters from lethal disease. This is the first time active vaccination with an ANDV DNA vaccine has shown protective efficacy in the hamster model. The adaptation of a human intradermal jet injection device for use as a method of subcutaneous and intramuscular jet injection of DNA vaccines will advance the development of nucleic acid based medical countermeasures for diseases modeled in hamsters.     

The parabiliary venous system

Summary The parabiliary venous system originates from the pancreatico-duodenal and pyloro-duodenal veins, runs along the common bile-duct and the hepatic artery, and divides in the liver hilum into a venous network within the hilar plate. Embryologically, this system, apparently independent of the portal vein, develops together with the bile-ducts and the hepatic artery: these three structures are within the substance of the vasculo-biliary sheaths, and the whole complex invades the liver well after the distribution of the portal vein has been established. It should be pointed out that segments I and IV also appear rather late. Seventy-four specemins with injection of the system have been studied. The hilar plexus sends branches to the veins of the segments adjacent to the hilum. Some vessels directly supply the inferior surface of the quadrate lobe or the caudate lobe, or the left lobe. In 46.50% of specemins, part of the cystic veins are anastomosed with the Parabiliary system.

---

Le système veineux parabiliaire

Résumé Le système veineux parabiliaire prend origine dans les veines pancréatico-duodénales et pyloro-duodénales, monte le long de la voie biliaire et l'artère hépatique, et se termine dans le hile dans un lascis veineux situé dans la plaque hilaire. Embryologiquement il semble étranger à la formation de la veine porte, se constitue en même temps que les canaux biliaires et les artères intra-hépatiques: ces trois éléments sont situés dans la texture même des enveloppes vasculo-biliaires, et le tout envahit le foie bien après la pénétration de la veine porte. L'étude porte sur 74 foies dans lesquels le système s'est trouvé injecté. Le plexus hilaire envoie des collatérales qui se jettent dans les veines des segments adjacents au hile. Mais certaines branches irriguent directement la face inférieure du lobe carré, ou le lobe gauche. Dans 46,50% des cas, une partie des veines cystiques se jettent dans ce système.

     

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection in the mouse

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) into mouse oocytes involvesa very low survival rate. This study was designed to determinewhy ICSI frequently fails in mice. Metaphase II oocytes wereobtained from superovulated 4–6 week old F₁ hybrid mice.Spermatozoa were retrieved from the epididymis of 12–14week old F₁ hybrid mice. The spiked microinjection pipette usedto inject a spermatozoon into the ooplasm had outer and innerdiameters of 10 and 8 µm respectively. The oocytes usedin the first part of the study were not activated (group 1).Some oocytes were incubated with calcium ionophore for 5 min(group 2). The injected oocytes were evaluated 6, 20, 48 and72 h after injection. A total of 143 eggs in each group underwentICSI. In group 1, sperm heads escaped into the perivitellinespace. In all, 63 (47%) of the remaining oocytes were damagedduring the injection or had degenerated by the first evaluation.The survival rate was 53%, but fertilization did not occur.In group 2, 31 oocytes (22%) were damaged during microinjectionor soon degenerated. Two oocytes underwent accidental subzonalinsemination. Six oocytes were fertilized (4.2%) among the 78%of survivors. After injection, the sperm tail was found in thecytoplasm (27 and 31% in groups 1 and 2 respectively), the perivitellinespace (45% in both groups) or protruding through the zona pellucida(28 and 23% respectively). More oocytes degenerated when thetail remained in the cytoplasm, i.e. 78% in group 1 and 36%in group 2.     

Vitreoretinal toxicity of basic fibroblast growth factor

Basic fibroblast growth factor (b-FGF) is one of the multifunctional growth factors with important therapeutic potential in the field of ophthalmology. It is also implicated in pathogenesis of vitreoretinal proliferative diseases. In the present study, we evaluated its vitreoretinal toxicity by means of clinical observation, electroretinography (ERG), and histopathology after injection of different doses of b-FGF into the vitreous of rabbit eyes. Doses of b-FGF up to 2 g per eye caused no toxicity; however, injection of 4 g or more resulted in sight-threatening vitreoretinal proliferative changes. This information is important for studies aimed at evaluating the therapeutic potential of b-FGF in retinal diseases.Despite some degree of vitreous organization and opacification, retinal folds, and small areas of traction retinal detachment, the amplitudes of ERGs were normal or even increased (hyperpolarization) in eyes which received 8 g of b-FGF.