Evaluation of protective and vulnerability factors for depression following an internet-based intervention to prevent depression in at-risk adolescents

CATCH-IT is a primary care Internet-based modality developed to prevent major depression in adolescents. Adolescents aged 14–21 years were screened for core symptoms of depression without reaching criteria for a mood disorder diagnosis. At baseline, 6 weeks, and at 2.5 years, participants were assessed for automatic negative thoughts (ATQ-R), educational impairment, and perceived social support. Also, motivational interviewing (MI) by the intervening primary care physician was tested against brief advice (BA) to determine how the level of physician involvement affects these psychosocial outcomes. Overall, we found significant decreases in ATQ-R and educational impairment from baseline to 2.5 years. There were no differences for perceived social support, and no differences between the MI and BA groups. Our findings suggest that offering CATCH-IT to adolescents may help attenuate maladaptive cognitive patterns and long-term struggles in school.     

Visualizing risks in cancer communication: A systematic review of computer-supported visual aids

ObjectiveHealth websites are becoming important sources for cancer information. Lay users, patients and carers seek support for critical decisions, but they are prone to common biases when quantitative information is presented. Graphical representations of risk data can facilitate comprehension, and interactive visualizations are popular. This review summarizes the evidence on computer-supported graphs that present risk data and their effects on various measures.MethodsThe systematic literature search was conducted in several databases, including MEDLINE, EMBASE and CINAHL. Only studies with a controlled design were included. Relevant publications were carefully selected and critically appraised by two reviewers.ResultsThirteen studies were included. Ten studies evaluated static graphs and three dynamic formats. Most decision scenarios were hypothetical. Static graphs could improve accuracy, comprehension, and behavioural intention. But the results were heterogeneous and inconsistent among the studies. Dynamic formats were not superior or even impaired performance compared to static formats.ConclusionsStatic graphs show promising but inconsistent results, while research on dynamic visualizations is scarce and must be interpreted cautiously due to methodical limitations.Practice implicationsWell-designed and context-specific static graphs can support web-based cancer risk communication in particular populations. The application of dynamic formats cannot be recommended and needs further research.     

大学生网络成瘾倾向与人际关系的相关研究

[目的]探讨大学生网络成瘾倾向与人际关系之间的关系。[方法]使用中文网络成瘾量表修订版和大学生人际关系综合诊断量表对657名大学生进行调查。[结果]网络成瘾倾向组与非网络成瘾倾向组在人际关系上差异有统计学意义;网络成瘾倾向与人际关系存在显著正相关。[结论]网络成瘾倾向与现实人际关系密切相关。     

心理控制源与大学生网络成瘾的相关与回归研究

目的探讨大学生网络成瘾与心理控制源的关系。方法使用Young的网络成瘾测量工具(YDQ)作为诊断工具将800名大学生分为网络成瘾组和非成瘾组。应用《内控性、有势力的他人及机遇量表,(IPC)》评估其心理控制源。运用SPSS 13.0对数据进行统计分析,采用相关和回归分析研究网络成瘾与心理控制源的关系。结果①网络成瘾者与非成瘾者在心理控制源的机遇和有势力他人2个维度上存在显著差异(t分别为2.951、4.605);②心理控制源对网络成瘾有预测作用:心理控制源偏向于外控性的个体网络成瘾倾向高(r分别为0.105,0.162),而偏向于内控的个体网络成瘾倾向较低(r=-0.051)。结论心理控制源是网络成瘾的社会心理因素之一,对网络成瘾的治疗应当考虑此方面的因素。     

政府信息资源的网络分布特征及其检索

从政府信息资源概念入手，结合具体的政府信息资源网站实例，详细分析政府信息资源网络分布的几个基本特征：范围广泛、标准严格、整合严密、功能强大、专类信息完善，提出通过网络检索政府信息资源的策略建议。     

Intervention-mediated effects for adult physical activity: A latent growth curve analysis

Data from two randomized clinical trials (RCT) were used to examine the extent to which a health promotion intervention affected changes in growth trajectories of psychosocial constructs and if so, whether these constructs in turn explained changes in physical activity (PA). PA and psychosocial measures on 842 overweight adults in the United States were collected in two RCTs evaluating Internet-based behavior change interventions with assessments at baseline, 6 and 12 months. A physical activity latent variable at 12 months was created using indicators of self-reported walking and leisure time activities. Intervention-mediated effects on PA at 12 months were found via latent growth curves representing self-efficacy and behavioral strategies, where increasing growth curves across time were associated with higher PA values at 12 months. These findings provide some evidence that web-based self-help intervention programs worked through targeted behavior change constructs to influence physical activity levels in overweight adults.