止咳平喘合剂对哮喘大鼠Th1/Th2细胞因子影响的实验研究

目的：观察中药复方止咳平喘合剂对哮喘大鼠Th1/Th2细胞因子的影响,从而进一步深化探讨名老中医经验方的作用机制。方法：随机将60只SD大鼠分为空白对照组、模型组、阳性对照组、止咳平喘合剂大、中、剂小剂量组,每组均为10只,以卵白蛋白（oval albumin,OVA）复制哮喘大鼠模型,采用ELISA方法检测血清中IL-4、IFN-γ含量,取右肺组织行HE染色进行形态学观察。结果：模型组血清中IL-4明显高于空白对照组（P〈0.01）,而IFN-γ明显低于空白对照组（P〈0.01）,存在IL-4/IFN-γ失衡;与模型组相比,阳性对照组、中药大剂量与中剂量组IL-4含量降低（P〈0.05）,而IFN-γ含量均有升高（P〈0.01～0.05）;并且血清IL-4与IFN-γ呈明显负相关（r为-0.974,P〈0.01）。结论：IFN-γ/IL-4的失衡参与哮喘发病过程,止咳平喘合剂可能通过下调IL-4的水平和提高IFN-γ的含量,纠正Th1/Th2细胞因子的失衡,进而减轻气道炎症。     

Herbal medicines for the prevention of alcoholic liver disease: A review

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Long-term excess alcohol exposure leads to alcoholic liver disease (ALD)—a global health problem without effective therapeutic approach. ALD is increasingly considered as a complex and multifaceted pathological process, involving oxidative stress, inflammation and excessive fatty acid synthesis. Over the past decade, herbal medicines have attracted much attention as potential therapeutic agents in the prevention and treatment of ALD, due to their multiple targets and less toxic side effects. Several herbs, such as Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cusson (Apiaceae), Curcuma longa L. (Zingiberaceae) and Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi (Leguminosae), etc., have been shown to be quite effective and are being widely used in China today for the treatment of ALD when used alone or in combination.

Aim of the review

To review current available knowledge on herbal medicines used to prevent or treat ALD and their underlying mechanisms.

Materials and methods

We used the pre-set searching syntax and inclusion criteria to retrieve available published literature from PUBMED and Web of Science databases, all herbal medicines and their active compounds tested on ALD induced by both acute and chronic alcohol ingestion were included.

Results

A total of 40 experimental studies involving 34 herbal medicines and (or) active compounds were retrieved and reviewed. We found that all reported extracts and individual compounds from herbal medicines/natural plants could be beneficial to ALD, which might be attributed to regulate multiple critical targets involved in the pathways of oxidation, inflammation and lipid metabolism.

Conclusions

Screening chemical candidate from herbal medicine might be a promising approach to drug discovery for the prevention or treatment of ALD. However, further studies remain to be done on the systematic assessment of herbal medicines against ALD and the underlying mechanisms, as well as their quality control studies.     

黄芪-莪术配伍联合5-氟尿嘧啶对CT26.WT结肠癌原位移植瘤模型小鼠中Th17/Treg平衡及肿瘤相关mRNA和蛋白表达的影响

黄芪-莪术配伍是临床常用治疗肿瘤的组合,基于Th17/Treg细胞平衡探究黄芪-莪术配伍联合5-氟尿嘧啶(5-fluo-rouracil,5-FU)对结肠癌原位移植瘤模型小鼠肿瘤生长的可能作用机制.该研究将90只BALB/c雄性小鼠随机分为9组:空白组,模型组,5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)组,黄芪-莪术(2∶1)配伍高、中...     

人参三七川芎提取物对增龄和高血压大鼠血管平滑肌细胞的影响

目的 观察和比较增龄与高血压对大鼠主动脉血管平滑肌细胞(vascular smooth muscle cells,VSMCs)的影响及人参、三七、川芎提取物的干预作用。方法 采用原代细胞培养的方法建立大鼠主动脉VSMCs模型,其中增龄实验分5组：青年对照组(Yon组)、老龄组(Old组)、老龄+普罗布考组(Old+Pro组)、老龄+中药低剂量组(Old+Low组)和老龄+中药高剂量组(Old+High组);高血压实验分5组：Wistar-Kyoto对照组(WKY组)、自发性高血压大鼠(spontaneously hypertensive rat,SHR)组、SHR+缬沙坦组(SHR+Val组)、SHR+中药低剂量组(SHR+Low组)和SHR+中药高剂量组(SHR +High组)。采用MTT法检测细胞增殖,免疫细胞化学法检测基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)表达,RT-PCR和Western blot分别检测过氧化物酶增殖物激活受体γ(peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ,PPAR-γ)mRNA和蛋白表达。结果 与Yon组比较,Old组VSMCs增殖水平和MMP-9表达升高,PPAR-γ mRNA和蛋白表达减少,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与Old组比较,Old+Pro组、Old+High组和 Old+Low组VSMCs增殖水平和MMP-9表达明显降低,PPAR-γ mRNA表达明显增加(均P<0.05),Old+Pro组和Old+Low组PPAR-γ蛋白表达明显增加(均P<0.05)。与WKY组比较,SHR组VSMCs增殖水平和MMP-9表达明显升高,PPAR-γ mRNA和蛋白表达明显减少(均P<0.05);与SHR组比较,SHR+Val组、SHR +High组和SHR+Low组VSMCs增殖水平和MMP-9表达明显降低,PPAR-γ mRNA和蛋白表达增加(均P<0.05)。结论 增龄和高血压均可造成大鼠主动脉VSMCs过度增殖及相关细胞活性因子的表达改变,中药人参、三七、川芎提取物能够降低其增殖水平,减少负性细胞因子的表达以降低增龄和高血压对VSMCs的损害,延缓血管细胞的老化。     

γ-巯丙基键合硅胶脱除龙胆提取液中的镉

目的:研究γ-巯丙基键合硅胶(MPS)脱除龙胆提取液中镉(Cd)的最佳工艺,并对其脱镉性能进行评价.方法:采用静态吸附和动态吸附的方式考察镉的脱除率,并以镉脱除率、含固量、HPLC指纹图谱等指标综合评价MPS的脱镉性能.结果:静态吸附的工艺参数:药液浓度相当于0.20 g(药材)·mL-1,吸附时间为120 min,药材量-MPS 15:1;动态吸附的工艺参数:径高比为1:3.5,药液浓度相当于0.20 g(药材)·mL-1,药液流速0.9 mL· min-1,药材量-MPS 50:1;龙胆药液脱镉前后的含固量及HPLC指纹图谱无显著性差异.结论:γ-巯丙基键合硅胶(MPS)能有效地脱除龙胆药液中的镉,脱镉性能良好.     

IFN-γ通过下调CXCL8抑制食管鳞状细胞癌的增殖和迁移

目的 研究干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)对食管鳞状细胞癌细胞株Eca9706增殖及迁移能力的影响,并初步探讨其作用机制.方法 体外进行细胞培养,用干扰素-γ作用细胞,镜下观察细胞形态变化,CCK-8实验检测细胞增殖能力,划痕实验和Transwell实验检测细胞迁移能力.采用Quantitative Real-time PCR...     

The bark of Betula platyphylla var. japonica inhibits the development of atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice

The bark of Betula platyphylla Sukat. var. japonica Hara (Asian White Birch, AWB) is one of the herbs used in Eastern countries for the treatment of various inflammatory diseases including atopic dermatitis (AD). The present study was performed to examine if and how the bark of AWB inhibits the development of AD-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice induced by repeated application of picryl chloride (PC). With this aim, we examined the skin symptom severity, itching behavior, serum immunoglobulin (Ig) E level and mRNA expression of cytokines at iliac and cervical lymph nodes in the mice. Oral administration of AWB extracts (25, 100 and 250 mg/kg) to the PC-treated mice inhibited the development of AD-like skin lesions as exemplified by a significant decrease in the total skin severity scores, itching behavior and a decrease in hypertrophy and infiltration of inflammatory cells into dermis. The serum IgE level was also significantly reduced by AWB extract. In the RT-PCR results, the expression of interleukin-4 mRNA was reduced by AWB extract, whereas the expression of interferon-gamma mRNA was not changed. These results suggest that AWB inhibits the development of AD-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice through the suppression of the T-helper 2 cell response.     

Cytokine concentrations during the first days of life

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the cytokine concentration patterns during the first 5 days of life by measuring serum concentrations of type-1 cytokines, like interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and type-2 cytokines, like IL-4, as well as the receptors of IL-2 (sIL-2R) and IL-4 (sIL-4R) during the early neonatal period. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Forty-two healthy term neonates were included in the study. Cytokine concentrations were measured in umbilical cord, in the 1st and 5th day after birth and compared with those in serum of 30 healthy adults. RESULTS: IL-2 concentrations presented a decrease trend from umbilical cord to 5th day, while sIL-2R showed a significant elevation from umbilical cord to 5th day after birth. IL-4 concentrations did not differ significantly among umbilical cord, the 1st and the 5th day, while the sIL-4R showed the highest values in the 1st day after birth. Both IL-4 and sIL-4R concentrations in neonatal samples were elevated compared to adults. IFN-gamma concentrations increased significantly from umbilical cord to 5th day of life. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate a dysregulation among IL-2, IL-4 and IFN-gamma concentrations during the 1st day after birth, favoring a more precocious expression of IL-2 and IL-4 against IFN-gamma that seems to be ameliorated in the end of the 1st week of life.     

γ-干扰素、腺苷脱氨酶在结核性腹膜炎诊治中的临床价值

目的探讨腹水γ-干扰素（IFN-γ）、腺苷脱氨酶（ADA）在结核性腹膜炎诊治中的临床价值。方法分别检测29例结核腹膜炎患者、22例癌性腹水患者的腹水γ-干扰素、腺苷脱氨酶水平,并进行比较。结果结核性腹膜炎组中γ-干扰素、腺苷脱氨酶的水平及活性均高于癌性腹水组（P值均〈0.05）。2项指标联合检测对结核性腹膜炎诊断的灵敏度为86.2%,特异度95.5%,与单独检测ADA比较,敏感度相近,其特异度明显增高。结论γ-干扰素、腺苷脱氨酶的检测对结核性和癌性腹腔积液的鉴别有临床意义,可用于两者的鉴别诊断,同时进行IFN-γ与ADA检测可提高结核性腹腔积液的诊断特异度。