斑秃患者外周血单个核细胞产生Th1/Th2细胞因子研究

目的:研究斑秃患者外周血单个核细胞产生Th1型细胞因子(如IFN-γ)和Th2型细胞因子(如IL-4、IL-10)水平,探讨其在斑秃发病中所起的作用及与病情活动性的关系。方法:采用ELISA双抗体夹心法检测36例斑秃患者(其中活动期19例、非活动期17例)和20例正常对照者外周血单个核细胞产生IFN-γ、IL-4和IL-10水平。结果:活动期斑秃患者外周血单个核细胞产生IFN-γ水平显著高于正常对照和非活动期患者(P<0.05),非活动期患者比正常对照者明显增高(P<0.05);活动期患者产生IL-4水平明显低于正常对照组(P<0.05),也低于非活动期患者,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),非活动期患者和正常对照组相比明显降低(P<0.05);活动期患者产生IL-10水平显著低于正常对照组和非活动期患者(P<0.05),非活动期患者与正常对照相比明显降低(P<0.05)。结论:斑秃患者体内可能存在Th1型细胞因子占优势,Th1型细胞因子如IFN-γ在斑秃的免疫发病中起到重要作用,并且与病情活动性有关联。     

局部注射干扰素联合CO_2激光治疗尖锐湿疣的临床研究

目的:观察CO_2激光联合干扰素局部注射治疗尖锐湿疣的临床疗效,以期为尖锐湿疣的治疗提供借鉴。方法:选取在2010年4月至2013年6月来我院就诊的尖锐湿疣患者为研究对象,并随机分为治疗组和对照组两组,对照组予以单纯CO_2激光治疗,治疗组在CO_2激光治疗的基础上合用干扰素局部注射。观察其治愈情况及预防复发的临床效果。结果:两组尖锐湿疣患者在性别、年龄和体重差别均无统计学意义(P0.05)。两组治愈率分别为82.14%、48.15%,进行卡方检验,χ2=7.493,P=0.0240.05,差异有显著意义;治疗组优于对照组。治疗组第一个月复发的例数2例占6.15%,第二个月复发的例数1例占3.23%,第三个月复发的例数1例占3.23%;对照组第一个月复发的例数3例占10.34%,第二个月复发的例数4例占13.79%%,第三个月复发的例数7例占24.14%,对复发率行秩和检验,z=1.482,P=0.1380.05,无显著差异。结论:CO_2激光联合干扰素局部注射治疗尖锐湿疣的临床疗效,为尖锐湿疣的治疗提供借鉴,值得推广。     

Interstitial lung diseases in children

Interstitial lung disease (ILD) in children (chILD) is a heterogeneous group of rare respiratory disorders that are mostly chronic and associated with high morbidity and mortality. The pathogenesis of the various chILD is complex and the diseases share common features of inflammatory and fibrotic changes of the lung parenchyma that impair gas exchanges. The etiologies of chILD are numerous. In this review, we chose to classify them as ILD related to exposure/environment insults, ILD related to systemic and immunological diseases, ILD related to primary lung parenchyma dysfunctions and ILD specific to infancy. A growing part of the etiologic spectrum of chILD is being attributed to molecular defects. Currently, the main genetic mutations associated with chILD are identified in the surfactant genes SFTPA1, SFTPA2, SFTPB, SFTPC, ABCA3 and NKX2-1. Other genetic contributors include mutations in MARS, CSF2RA and CSF2RB in pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, and mutations in TMEM173 and COPA in specific auto-inflammatory forms of chILD. However, only few genotype-phenotype correlations could be identified so far. Herein, information is provided about the clinical presentation and the diagnosis approach of chILD. Despite improvements in patient management, the therapeutic strategies are still relying mostly on corticosteroids although specific therapies are emerging. Larger longitudinal cohorts of patients are being gathered through ongoing international collaborations to improve disease knowledge and targeted therapies. Thus, it is expected that children with ILD will be able to reach the adulthood transition in a better condition.     

Enhanced endogenous type I interferon cell-driven survival and inhibition of spontaneous apoptosis by Riluzole

Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), although effective in improving the survival of HIV-1-infected individuals, has not been able to reconstitute the adaptive immune response. We have described the use of novel chemical agents to restore T-cell survival/proliferation by inducing cytokine production. Due to its cationic amphiphilic structure, these molecules appear to enhance immune restoration. In this study, we investigated the action of Riluzole (2-amino-6-trifuromethoxybenzothiazole) in HIV-1 infection. Riluzole is able to increase (effective dose from 1 to 1000 nM) the cell-survival of T cells from HIV-1-infected patients and inhibit spontaneous apoptosis. The immunomodulatory effect of riluzole-sensitized cells was ascribed to endogenous type I interferon (IFN) derived from monocytes. Riluzole might be used for restoring the cell survival of immunocompromised patients and eliminating latent infected cells upon HIV-1 reactivation.     

健康教育对接受干扰素治疗患者生活质量的影响研究

目的：评价健康教育对接受干扰素治疗的慢性肝病患者生活质量的影响。方法：本研究采用自身前后对照试验设计的准试验类研究。60例慢性肝病患者纳入本次研究。健康教育内容包括：自我注射干扰素的方法;介绍慢性肝病性质、疾病传染路径以及疾病诊治,介绍干扰素疗法对其对疾病的影响、注射干扰素后的常见副作用、自我保护和控制副作用方法。将患者随机分为实验组和对照组,每组30例。采用慢性肝炎患者生活质量调查表评价患者生活质量。健康教育连续进行四周,每周一次,每次45分钟。随访连续进行12周。比较两组患者生活质量变化情况。结果：对照组患者的系统症状在接受治疗12周后明显下降;实验组患者在接受本研究干预后,包括腹部症状、活动、焦虑和情绪症状均出现显著降低;而系统症状和疲劳无任何改变。实例组和对照组腹部症状、焦虑和情绪症状存在差异。对照组患者在研究干预前和接受干预12周后的平均生活质量得分分别为154.5和136.9,差异无统计学意义。实例组患者在研究干预前和接受干预12周后的平均生活质量得分从158.6上升至170,差异有统计学意义。在接受健康教育前,两组患者的生活质量得分并无显著差异,但在干预后差异显著。结论：为接受干扰素-α治疗的乙肝和丙肝患者提供持续性健康将大幅提升患者对干扰素疗法的坚持度,降低治疗的副作用,并最终提高患者的生活质量。     

保妇康栓治疗宫颈炎合并HPV感染的临床分析

目的 观察保妇康栓治疗宫颈炎合并人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染的临床效果.方法 对我院2012年1月至2014年2月门诊治疗的30例宫颈炎合并人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染的患者展开临床治疗的研究,根据阴道用药方式的不同将其分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组行保妇康栓阴道给药治疗,对照组行干扰素栓阴道给药治疗;分析两组患者的临床治疗效果.结果 治疗组患者治疗总有效率达93.3％优于对照组的73.3％;复发率为6.7％低于对照组的33.3％,组间比较x2=14.10、21.01;治疗后两组患者间的HPV检测RLU/CO值比较t=2.08;差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 保妇康栓对宫颈炎合并HPV感染的治疗具有明显的临床效果,有效降低复发率.     

Interferon- ζ/Limitin: Novel Type I Interferon That Displays a Narrow Range of Biological Activity

Interferon zeta (IFN-zeta)/limitin has been regarded as a novel type I IFN by the Nomenclature Committee of the International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research. IFN-zeta/limitin, which has some sequence homology with IFN-alpha and IFN-beta, has a globular structure with 5 alpha helices and 4 loops and recognizes IFN-alpha/beta receptor. Although it displays antiviral, immunomodulatory, and antitumor effects, IFN-zeta/limitin has much less lymphomyelosuppressive activity than IFN-alpha. Unique interactions between IFN-zeta/limitin and the receptor probably led to the narrow range of signals and biological activities. A human homologue of IFN-zeta/limitin may be clinically more effective than IFN-alpha and IFN-beta because it has fewer adverse effects. Moreover, further analysis of the structure-function relationship may establish an engineered cytokine with the useful features of IFN-zeta/limitin.     

干扰素调节因子-5的研究进展

干扰素调节因子-5能诱导IFN-α、IFN-β产生,也能促进IL-6、IL-12b、IL-17、IL-23、TNF等细胞因子的分泌,从而参与机体的免疫反应、细胞生长、细胞分化、细胞凋亡、肿瘤发生和细胞信号转导等过程.干扰素调节因子-5在人体许多疾病的发生、发展中起重要作用.深入研究干扰素调节因子-5有助于我们可以更好地阐明相关疾病的发病机制并为治疗这些相关疾病提供理论依据和相应的靶点.     

Early IFN type I response: Learning from microbial evasion strategies

Type I interferon (IFN) comprises a class of cytokines first discovered more than 50 years ago and initially characterized for their ability to interfere with viral replication and restrict locally viral propagation. As such, their induction downstream of germ-line encoded pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) upon recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) is a hallmark of the host antiviral response. The acknowledgment that several PAMPs, not just of viral origin, may induce IFN, pinpoints at these molecules as a first line of host defense against a number of invading pathogens. Acting in both autocrine and paracrine manner, IFN interferes with viral replication by inducing hundreds of different IFN-stimulated genes with both direct anti-pathogenic as well as immunomodulatory activities, therefore functioning as a bridge between innate and adaptive immunity. On the other hand an inverse interference to escape the IFN system is largely exploited by pathogens through a number of tactics and tricks aimed at evading, inhibiting or manipulating the IFN pathway, that result in progression of infection or establishment of chronic disease.In this review we discuss the interplay between the IFN system and some selected clinically important and challenging viruses and bacteria, highlighting the wide array of pathogen-triggered molecular mechanisms involved in evasion strategies.     

Association of IPS1 polymorphisms with peginterferon efficacy in chronic hepatitis B with HBeAg-positive in the Chinese population

AimsTo investigate whether IPS1 polymorphisms affect peginterferon alpha (PEG-IFN) efficacy in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients using a tag- single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) approach.MethodsA total of 212 hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive patients treated with a 48 weeks of PEG-IFN monotherapy were enrolled initially and 127 patients were followed for 48 weeks posttreatment. Genotype analysis was performed for 10 tag-SNPs in IPS1.ResultsThe end of virological response (EVR) rate was 45.8% (97/212) and the sustained virological response (SVR) rate was 45.7% (58/127). Meanwhile, 35.4% (75/212) achieved HBeAg seroconversion at the end of treatment. In a multivariate analysis, the rs2464 CC genotype was independently associated with EVR (OR 2.21, 95% CI 1.23–3.98, P = 0.008) and SVR (OR 2.34, 95% CI 1.05–5.20, P = 0.037) after adjustment for sex, age, HBV genotype, baseline levels of HBV DNA and ALT. Meanwhile, rs2464 CC genotype were also independently associated with decline of HBsAg levels below 1500 IU/mL at 12 weeks of treatment (OR 2.52, 95% CI 1.01–6.29, P = 0.047). Furthermore, three SNPs were found to be independently associated with HBeAg seroconversion at the end of treatment. (1) The rs2326369 CC genotype was independently associated with no HBeAg seroconversion (OR 0.52, 95% CI 0.29–0.95, P = 0.034); (2) The rs6515831 TT genotype was independently associated with HBeAg seroconversion (OR 2.11, 95% CI 1.14–3.90, P = 0.017); (3) The rs2464 CC genotype was independently associated with HBeAg seroconversion (OR 2.36, 95% CI 1.26–4.42, P = 0.007).ConclusionsPolymorphisms in IPS1 are independently associated with treatment response to PEG-IFN among Chinese HBeAg-positive CHB patients.