439家公共场所禁烟情况监督检查结果分析

目的检查公共场所贯彻执行《上海市公共场所禁止吸烟暂行规定》现状。方法对439家公共场所禁烟专项执法检查结果进行分析。结果部分公共场所(如游艺厅(室)、歌(舞)厅、音乐茶座室)禁烟情况明显比其他法定禁烟场所差。结论在公共场所禁烟执法检查中,针对重点场所,在加强执法检查的同时,要督导开展禁烟宣传教育,同时完善控烟制度,落实禁烟设施。     

医疗器械产品检验与注册产品标准复核过程关系的思考

本文就医疗器械产品检验与医疗器械的注册产品标准复核执行过程中实际情况进行分析和建议。     

Inspection by variables as an acceptance criterion in bioanalysis — a proposal

Inspection by variables is proposed as an acceptance criterion for use in bioanalysis. The criteria currently used are deficient either by ignoring the issues of precision (fixed range) and/or accuracy (99% confidence interval), not being able to provide immediate answers (quality charts), or even not being scientifically justified (fixed range). Inspection (sampling) by a variables procedure was originally developed to drive the quality of military supplies (MIL-STD-414) and was consequently incorporated in ISO 3951 as a part of industrial quality control. It is based on the concept of acceptable quality level (AQL), which is the maximum per cent defective (number of results outside of specification per 100 results) that can be considered satisfactory as a process average. It also correlates sample size with batch size. An AQL of 6.5% is proposed as a standard with specification set at ± 20% or ± 15%, which should result in coefficients of variation of approximately 15% and 12%, respectively. This concept has been applied post factum to 14 authentic data sets, thus proving its utility and validity.     

集装箱检验检疫风险分析系统的设计

目的采用国际通用的SAS统计分析平台编制计算机程序,实现进出境集装箱检验检疫风险分析与评估。方法采用SAS编程平台适用性评估、集装箱业务流程分析、软件应用分析等环节确立应用SAS统计分析平台编制集装箱检验检疫风险分析系统的可行性,并举例说明实现部分代表性模块的程序代码。结果 SAS编程平台适合进出境集装箱检验检疫风险分析系统的研制与开发,该设计的风险分析系统涵盖数据管理层、核心应用层的6个子模块,实现15项功能。结论基于SAS的计算机辅助集装箱风险分析系统可以有效加强出入境检验检疫机构对集装箱的检验检疫与监督管理,为防控外来疫情及有毒有害物质传入传出提供智能决策支持。     

云纹图法对背部疾病望诊客观化应用价值研究

目的：探索云纹图法在背部疾病望诊客观化的应用价值。方法：采用云纹图法,对全市11-16岁中小学生作脊柱侧凸普查,阳性者摄脊柱X线片;对针灸科就诊的颈肩痛、腰腿痛患者,初诊时作云纹照相检查,与CT检查作对比分析。结果：2009年9月-2013年6月,接受慈善基金捐赠,对全市11-16岁119327名中小学生,分期分批作脊柱侧凸云纹照相学校普查。1200名云纹照相异常者仅有597名学生前来摄片（占49.75%）。发现Cobb角〈10°249名,10°-19°者273名,20°-39°者70名,≥40°者5名。2013年10月-2014年6月,在针灸科就诊的1288名颈肩痛、腰腿痛患者,除85名为肌性疼痛外,1203名患者均有椎间盘膨出、突出或膨出突出并存,但云纹图差异与此无直接关联,而与并存的脊柱侧凸程度有关联。结论：利用云纹图法,对中小学生作脊柱侧凸学校普查,针灸科医师对颈肩痛、腰腿痛患者作筛查,简便实用,是一种值得推广的背部疾病望诊客观化的有效方法。     

深圳市游泳场所卫生监督现状分析与建议

随着深圳市社会经济的迅猛发展和市民体育锻炼的需求,新建游泳场所的数量不断增加.新建游泳场所建筑设计的缺陷,如多种原因导致的周围存在污染源、场所布局不合理、新风量无法满足要求等问题成为游泳场所的卫生安全隐患.通过分析其存在的原因,提出了加强与发改建设规划部门的沟通、全面参与项目的审查、加强预防性卫生监督人才的培养等建议.     

输血检验流程及质量控制对策分析

在日常的临床工作中,输血往往是救治患者的关键,一旦输血不当,就可能出现各种问题,比如输血不良反应、传染病等,严重者可以危及患者的生命。输血检验作为输血的关键流程,在临床输血安全中发挥着极其重要的作用;因此医疗人员必须时刻必注意输血流程中的质量控制,并严肃对待可能出现的问题,认真做好防范工作。本文主要阐述输血检验流程及质量控制中可能出现的问题及可能寻求的对策。     

Anatomic bases of tongue flaps

Summary The morphological structure of the lingual a. was studied in 50 dissected and 14 vascular cast specimens. The course of this artery is divided into 4 segments: the original segment, the segment within hyoglossus, the ascending and the horizontal segments of the deep lingual a. The root of the tongue is supplied by 2 to 3 root branches of the lingual a., the ascending palatine a. and the tonsillar a. The body of the tongue is nourished on average by 25 arterial branches from the deep lingual a. The ventral surface of the tongue, as well as the sublingual gland and the floor of the mouth, is supplied by the sublingual a. The termination of the lingual a. anastomoses with the submental branch of the facial a. to form the lingual frenal a. Except for a submucous arterial network on the dorsum of the tongue, all blood vessels are separated completely by the lingual septum, through which arterial anastomoses (2.0 mm in diameter) can be found occasionally.This work was supported by the National Natural Science Fund     

医院评审中病案质量检查新模式探讨

为解决医院评审中病案抽检＂选择性偏倚＂、＂遗忘效应＂、评分标准差异和不同医院间可比性的问题,而专门优化病案质控流程,并专项研发相关的软件。将＂随机抽样＂和＂病案翻拍＂的联合应用,根据广东省《病历质量评分标准》,转换成计算机软件＂质控点＂程序模块进行打分。使每份病案都有相对公平的概率被抽中检查,从而构建了公平、快捷、完整的病案质量评审模式。通过本病案评审模式,不仅优化院内病案质控流程,而且覆盖区域性多家医院,促进病案质量的整体性提升,方便医疗行政和学术指导部门对病案质量的监测和指导。