腹腔镜手术对子宫内膜异位症合并不孕症患者的妊娠结局及影响因素分析

目的 分析腹腔镜手术治疗对子宫内膜异位症（EMT）合并不孕症妊娠情况的影响,并探讨影响妊娠结局的因素。方法 选取青海省妇女儿童医院子宫内膜异位症合并不孕症患者120例作为研究对象,随机分为观察组与对照组,每组60例。观察组实施腹腔镜手术治疗;对照组实施常规开腹手术治疗。分析两组手术情况及2年内的妊娠结局,单因素及Logistic多因素分析妊娠率影响因素。结果 与对照组比较,观察组术中出血量、手术时间和术后住院时间均减少（P?<0.05）。随访2年,两组妊娠率、妊娠结局及子宫内膜异位症复发率比较,差异无统计学意义（P?>0.05）。单因素及多因素Logistic分析术后体外受精-胚胎移植（IVF-ET）是妊娠不良结局的主要影响因素（P?<0.05）。结论 腹腔镜治疗子宫内膜异位症合并不孕症对患者机体损伤较小,治疗后影响患者妊娠的主要因素为接受IVF-ET治疗,追溯影响妊娠结局的原因较多而不确定,因此需要大规模、深入的样本研究,进一步分析子宫内膜异位症合并不孕症患者治疗后妊娠的影响因素,从而完善治疗策略。     

附睾、睾丸精子卵浆内单精子注射治疗阻塞性无精症引起不育

为评价附睾或睾丸精子卵浆内单精子注射（ＩＣＳＩ）治疗阻塞性无精症引起不育的疗效，对３１例无精子男性不育患者配偶进行超排卵治疗３７个周期，获卵当日从患者附睾取精，其中２４例获得活动精子，７例失败，改用钳取睾丸曲细精管从中分离精子以供ＩＣＳＩ。结果：共获卵４５３个，附睾、睾丸精子ＩＣＳＩ受精率分别为５５７％、６１７％，平均每周期移植胚胎３７个，总妊娠率每周期２９７％。结论：只要获得活动精子ＩＣＳＩ，阻塞性无精症患者也有机会生育     

精索静脉曲张不育患者手术前后血浆性激素变化

将６４例单纯精索静脉曲张源性不育患者随机分为手术组３３例与非手术组３１例，分别于术前及术后６个月测血浆卵泡刺激素（ＦＳＨ）、黄体生成素（ＬＨ）、睾酮（Ｔ），同时测４６名正常生育力男性性激素作为正常值对照，对两组不育患者还进行了睾丸体积测定和精液分析。手术组采用经髂窝腹膜外单纯精索内静脉高位结扎术。结果：６４例精索静脉曲张源性不育患者精子密度、精子存活率、睾丸体积低于正常组，ＦＳＨ、ＬＨ、Ｔ均在正常值范围，与正常组对照无明显差异。两组手术前后对照分析，手术组与非手术组手术前后血浆性激素虽无统计学差异，但手术组患者术后精液质量、睾丸体积明显改善，随访一年手术组妊娠率（２７％）显著高于非手术组（１３％）。术前ＦＳＨ较高的患者术后精液质量、睾丸体积无明显改善，而术前ＦＳＨ正常者有显著差异。认为，精索静脉曲张不育患者通过手术治疗确能提高其生育能力，而术前根据血浆ＦＳＨ、ＬＨ、Ｔ测定结合睾丸检查、精液分析可以初步估计睾丸受损程度，对手术预后的判断有一定参考价值。     

Tarlov Cyst and Infertility

Background/Objective:

Tarlov cysts or spinal perineurial cysts are uncommon lesions. These are mostly incidental findings on magnetic resonance imaging or myelograms. The objectives of this study were to describe Tarlov cysts of the sacral region as a potential cause for retrograde ejaculations and review available management options.

Methods:

Case report and literature review.

Results:

A 28-year-old man presented with back pain and retrograde ejaculations resulting in infertility. After microsurgical excision of large perineurial cysts, back pain resolved, but semen quality showed only marginal improvement. Later, the couple successfully conceived by intrauterine insemination. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of Tarlov cyst associated with retrograde ejaculation and infertility.

Conclusions:

Despite being mostly asymptomatic and an incidental finding, Tarlov cyst is an important clinical entity because of its tendency to increase in size with time. Tarlov cysts of the sacral and cauda equina region may be a rare underlying cause in otherwise unexplained retrograde ejaculations and infertility. Microsurgical excision may be a good option in a select group of patients.     

宫腔镜联合腹腔镜检查不孕症168例分析

目的探讨宫、腹腔镜联合检查不孕症的诊断价值.方法回顾性分析1999年6月～2003年10月宫、腹腔镜联合检查168例不孕症的临床资料.结果宫腔镜检查发现异常宫腔79例（79/168,47.0%）,其中子宫内膜增生、内膜息肉46例（46/79,58.2%）.腹腔镜检查发现盆腔器质性病变99例,其中慢性盆腔炎、子宫内膜异位症和多囊卵巢共85例（85/99,85.9%）;宫、腹腔镜检均正常15例,均异常39例.宫腔镜下行输卵管通畅检查,输卵管单侧或双侧不通90例（90/168,53.6% ）;腹腔镜检查输卵管单侧或双侧不通78例（78/168,46.4%）.结论宫腔镜联合腹腔镜检查不孕症能够提供准确的诊断依据.     

经宫颈选择性输卵管造影与再通术诊疗不孕症

目的分析应用导管经宫颈选择性输卵管造影的诊断价值;探讨输卵管阻塞再通术的机理和技术要领。材料与方法经常规碘油输卵管造影诊断为输卵管阻塞者96例,除2例外均成功地进行了选择性输卵管造影,56例确诊输卵管阻塞者施行了再通术。结果本方法造影证实31例双侧输卵管完全通畅,消除了假“阳性”,43例近端输卵管阻塞再通成功,6例中远端阻塞仅1例再通成功,再通成功率为78．6％,随访受孕率为28．6％。结论本方法诊疗输卵管阻塞及时、准确、简便、安全,再通成功率高,是输卵管不孕症者首选的一种有效、快捷诊疗方法。     

The effect of Chinese herbal medicine“heche assisted pregnancy recipe”on endometrial estrogen and progesterone receptor,proliferating cell nuclear antigen and vascular endothelial growth factor in the patients with infertility

<正> Objectives.To investigate the effect of Chinese herbal medicine"heche assisted preg-nancy recipe (HCAPR)"on estrogen receptor(ER),progesterone receptor (PR),pro-lifierating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)in endometrium of infertile women.Methods.The S-P immunohistochemical assay was used to observe expression ofER,PR ,PCNA and VEGF in late proliferative phase before and after the HCAPR treat-ment.Results.After the treatment,the expression of ER,PR,PCNA and VEGF in nucleiof glandular epithelium and stromal cells was significantly stronger (all P<0.001) re-spectively than that before treatment,especially the expression of PCNA and VEGF.Conclusions..These results suggest that traditional Chinese medicine HCAPR oftonifying kidney and regulating menstruation increased the synthesis of ER,PR,PCNAand VEGF,which may promote normal growth and development of the endometrium ,improve the micro-environment of the endometrium,and enhance uterine receptivity.The evidence may provide theoretical basis for therapy infertility with Chinese herbalmedicine.     

基于拉曼光谱技术的肉苁蓉苯乙醇苷对氧化损伤人精子DNA的保护作用

【目的】基于拉曼光谱技术,探讨肉苁蓉苯乙醇苷对Fenton’s试剂诱导人精子氧化损伤的保护作用。【方法】体外建立氧化损伤精子模型,给予肉苁蓉苯乙醇苷(剂量分别为0.1、0.01、0.001μg/mL）保护处理后,采用共聚焦显微拉曼光谱技术,检测分析精子核部DNA的变化情况。【结果】 Fenton’s试剂致使人精子细胞核拉曼光谱的强度和峰位移发生显著变化,给予肉苁蓉苯乙醇苷保护处理后,这种变化被抑制,且呈一定的剂量相关性。【结论】肉苁蓉苯乙醇苷对氧化损伤人精子DNA具有一定的保护作用。     

口腔脱落细胞检测无精子因子微缺失的临床应用

目的 探讨同一个体口腔脱落细胞和血液检测无精子因子（AZF）缺失的相关性,研究口腔脱落细胞检测AZF 的可行 性。方法 选择287例研究对象,其中严重少弱精症120 例,无精症80例,正常男性87例。同一受试对象的血液和口腔脱落细胞样本统一编号。应用多重PCR 技术,分别检测口腔脱落细胞、血液基因组中AZF区域的Y 染色体微缺失情况。结果 血液和口腔脱落细胞检出AZF缺失的样本编号一一对应,并且缺失类型一致。在200 例患者中,29 例检出基因组AZF 基因微缺失,余171 例患者和87例正常对照者未检出AZF 基因微缺失。结论 在进行Y染色体微缺失筛查中,口腔脱落细胞检测AZF 简便、无创,可以替代血液AZF检测。     

Influence of mesh materials on the integrity of the vas deferens following Lichtenstein hernioplasty: an experimental model

Background

The utilization of mesh reinforcement of the inguinal area with polypropylene mesh has increased drastically over the last decade. Infertility due to obstructive azoospermia is a rare but serious complication following inguinal hernia repair, especially in young patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different mesh structures on integrity of the vas deferens.

Materials and methods

Twenty male Chinchilla rabbits were used. The spermatic cord was dissected free and a Lichtenstein repair was performed with a low-weight polypropylene mesh (UltraPro^®) and a heavy-weight polypropylene mesh (Prolene^®) on the contralateral side. A vasography was performed after six months in order to investigate obstructions of the vas deferens. Light microscopy of the mesh host tissue interface was also performed and the foreign body reaction analyzed. Spermatogenesis was evaluated using the Johnsen score.

Results

Vasography revealed relevant obstructions (>75% of lumen diameter) located at the mesh margins (50% of Prolene^® and 22.2% of UltraPro^® mesh samples). Microscopic investigation of the mesh–host tissue interface showed typical formation of foreign body granulomas. The diameters of the foreign body granulomas were significantly reduced in the UltraPro^® mesh group (41.7 ± 5.5 μm) compared to the Prolene^® mesh group (48.7 ± 7.7 μm). Upon investigating the percentages of apoptotic (TUNEL) and proliferating (Ki67) cells, no significant differences were found. Following Prolene^® mesh implantation, a mean Johnsen score of 9.1 ± 1.2 was estimated, which was not significantly different from the UltraPro^® mesh samples (8.9 ± 1.4, P > 0.05).

Conclusions

If a mesh material is needed for inguinal hernia repair in young patients, the use of modern low-weight large porous and elastic samples appears to have a beneficial effect on integrity of the vas deferens.