Autoimmune diseases in myelodysplastic syndrome favors patients survival: A case control study and literature review

Background

We conducted a monocentric retrospective study of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and autoimmune or inflammatory disorders (AIMs) and a literature review. We analyzed the association with subgroups of the WHO 2016 MDS classification and patient's survival in a case control study. Risk factors associated with survival were analyzed by uni- and multivariate analysis.

Balance of Activity of Sympathetic,Parasympathetic, and Serotoninergic Divisions of the Autonomic Nervous System in Rabbits

We studied the balance of activity of sympathetic, parasympathetic, and serotoninergic divisions of the autonomic nervous system in the regulation of the heart function in rabbits. High activities of the sympathetic and parasympathetic system are associated with antagonistic interactions between them. Moderation of activity of these systems could be accompanied by activation of the serotoninergic system. Physiological sympathectomy and parasympathectomy lead to hyperfunction of the serotoninergic system and pathology. __________ Translated from Byulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 140, No. 11, pp. 493–496, November, 2005     

5-HT 102T/C多态性与Tourette综合征的病例对照及核心家系关联分析

目的 研究5－羟色胺受体102T／C多态性是否与Tourette综合征（TS）相关联,方法对157个核心家系样本采用病例－对照关联分析,传递不平衡检验方法,聚合酶链反应及RFLP等技术,根据TS与强迫症（obsessive compulsive disorder,OCD)的同病现象,将TS划分亚组进行与5－羟色胺受体102T／C多态性的关联分析。结果 合并OCD的TS与该位点的基因型102C／C（X2＝8．38,P＝0．004）及等位基因102C／（X2＝4．84,P＝0．028）存在关联,进一步采用传递不平衡分析,发现合并（美国精神疾病诊断和统计手册IV》论断标准的OCD的TS与该位点存在关联或连锁不平衡（X2＝5．12,,P＝0．02）,而在TS总体样本及单纯TS样本中未发现与该位点的关联,结论 5－羟色胺受体102T／C多态性与中国人群合并OCD的TS存在关联,合并OCD的TS可能是TS中相对独立的一个亚型。     

Changes in muscle recruitment patterns during skill acquisition

The control of movement is predicated upon a system of constraints of musculoskeletal and neural origin. The focus of the present study was upon the manner in which such constraints are adapted or superseded during the acquisition of motor skill. Individuals participated in five experimental sessions, in which they attempted to produce abduction-adduction movements of the index finger in time with an auditory metronome. During each trial, the metronome frequency was increased in eight steps from an individually determined base frequency. Electromyographic (EMG) activity was recorded from first dorsal interosseous (FDI), first volar interosseous (FVI), flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS), and extensor digitorum communis (EDC) muscles. The movements produced on the final day of acquisition more accurately matched the required profile, and exhibited greater spatial and temporal stability, than those generated during initial performance. In the early stages of skill acquisition, an alternating pattern of activation in FDI and FVI was maintained, even at the highest frequencies. In contrast, as the frequency of movement was increased, activity in FDS and EDC was either tonic or intermittent. As learning proceeded, alterations in recruitment patterns were expressed primarily in the extrinsic muscles (EDC and FDS). These changes took the form of increases in the postural role of these muscles, shifts to phasic patterns of activation, or selective disengagement of these muscles. These findings suggest that there is considerable flexibility in the composition of muscle synergies, which is exploited by individuals during the acquisition of coordination.     

下颌骨的应力迹线与骨小梁构筑的关系

根据下頜光弹的等倾线图,描绘出主应力迹线规迹。在下颌侧位X线照片和去除唇侧及颊侧密质骨板的标本上,观察骨密质和松质的配布,以及骨小梁的排列和方向,试行探讨骨小梁方向与主应力迹线的关系。用光弹法求得的主应力迹线有两个系列:S_1系在下颌体近水平方向,在下颌支近垂直方向分布;S_2系力线与S_1系诸力线呈正交。在标本和X线照片上,主应力迹线规迹不同程度地在骨小梁的排列上有所反映。     

Disorder in reciprocal innervation upon initiation of voluntary movement in patients with Parkinson's disease

Summary Reciprocal innervation of the soleus motoneurones upon initiation of voluntary ankle dorsiflexion was investigated in eight patients with Parkinson's disease. H-reflex and visually guided step tracking methods were used for testing moto-neurone excitability and for controlling the timing of movement initiation, respectively. While reciprocal inhibition appeared almost simultaneously with the agonist electromyographic (EMG) onset in normal subjects (Kagamihara and Tanaka 1985), facilitation appeared in the majority of patients under the same onset condition. It increased slowly, reaching a maximum at about 100 ms after the EMG onset. It then subsided slowly at around 200–300 ms, and was replaced thereafter by an inhibitory effect. No coactivation of the soleus muscle was detected electromyographically. The facilitation between the EMG onset and the onset of mechanical contraction was attributed to the direct effect of the descending command from the brain, suggesting a certain disorder in controlling the system for reciprocal innervation.     

MR imaging of posteromedial and posterolateral stabilisers of the knee: anatomic basis and patterns of lesions in knee injuries

Summary The angular points are the ligamentous and tendinous structures that reinforce the posteromedial and posterolateral capsule of the knee and share in fixation of the posterior horns of the menisci. They are often damaged in acute injuries and this is usually associated with ruptures of the cruciate and collateral ligaments and may add to the degree of laxity. We describe the normal appearance of these structures in terms of the sectional anatomy, correlated with the lesional appearances of complete and incomplete ruptures and associated meniscal detachments as shown by clinical testing and arthrotomy findings.

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IRM des points d'angle du genou : bases anatomiques et applications aux genoux traumatiques

Résumé Les points d'angle sont des structures ligamentaires et tendineuses qui renforcent la capsule postéro-médiale et postéro-latérale et participent à la fixation des cornes postérieures des ménisques. Leurs lésions, fréquentes au cours des traumatismes aigus, sont généralement associées à des ruptures des ligaments croisés et des ligaments collatéraux et peuvent être source d'une aggravation de la laxité. Nous rapportons, en corrélation avec l'anatomie en coupe, l'aspect normal de ces structures, et en corrélation avec les données de l'arthrotomie et du testing les aspects lésionnels observés au cours des traumatismes : ruptures complètes, incomplètes et désinsertions méniscales associées.

     

医院实施ISO9001质量管理体系内部审核的探讨

医疗机构实施ISO9001,其目的是为了提高医疗服务质量,满足病人一切明确和隐含的需求。那么,内审是否发挥作用,直接关系管理体系的有效性。文章对此进行了初步的探讨,即:①明确内审的目的是检查体系满足标准要求的程度;②建立正规的内审机构,要选拔责任心强、综合素质高的人担任内审员;③编制合理且有特色的内审计划,是内审有效性的关键;④适当增加专题审核;⑤医院最高管理者应重视内审结果。     

Interference between velocity-dependent and position-dependent force-fields indicates that tasks depending on different kinematic parameters compete for motor working memory

Humans demonstrate motor learning when exposed to changes in the dynamics of movement or changes in the visuomotor map. However, when two opposing dynamic transformations are learned in succession, the memory of the first is overwritten by learning of the second; the same is true for two opposing visuomotor rotations. This retrograde interference is not seen for all combinations of transformations, however. When a dynamic transformation is learned subsequent to a visuomotor rotation, the presence or absence of interference appears to depend crucially on the structure of the dynamic task: a force-field dependent on the position of the hand produces interference, whereas an inertial load applied lateral to the hand does not. To explain these results, it has been hypothesized that two transformations can be learned without interference if they depend on two different kinematic parameters of movement (such as position and velocity of the hand). Here we demonstrate, contrary to this hypothesis, interference between a dynamic transformation that depends on the position of the hand and one that depends on its velocity. However, the interference was found to be incomplete, supporting the view that the ability to retain motor memories for different tasks depends on the degree to which their representations conflict in working memory.