宝鸡市城市饮用水与人群健康效应的调查研究

本文通过对宝鸡市居民饮自来水和自备井水的人群进行了回顾性和前瞻性调查分析，结果发现，饮自来水与饮未经处理自备井水明显的差异。即调查组（饮自来水）肠道传染病发病率为４．２２％和６．８２％，对照组（饮自备井水）发病率为７．７１％和１１．５６％经卡方检验Ｐ＜０．０５，差异有显著性。从发病病种来看，调查组和对照组均以腹泻为主，其次为痢疾和肝炎，发病率分别是：腹泻，调查组为３５．５９‰和６３．００‰，对照组     

Morphological and biochemical correlates of chemical induced injury in the lung

We have reviewed some of the factors which contribute to lung damage by various toxicants. These include disposition of the chemical, its metabolism, individual cell type susceptibility and the potential for the tissue to repair. We have discussed the use of biochemical parameters to measure the functional activity of individual cell types in order to predict the damage to specific cell types and concluded that careful morphological analysis of lung tissue is likely to provide a more sensitive and informative measure of specific cell type injury. However, in order to investigate the mechanism of toxicity of pulmonary toxicants it is essential to establish the primary biochemical event that leads to cell damage and morphological change. The importance of separating the relevant biochemical change(s) from the cascade of biochemical events associated with dead and dying cells and the reparative response of the lung is emphasised.This report results from a discussion sponsored and organised by the Advisory Subgroup in Toxicology (AST) of the European Science Foundation's Standing Committee for the European Medical Research Councils and held at the Medical Research Council Toxicology Unit, Carshalton, U. K. Those taking part were: W. N. Aldridge (AST; as above); J. Bignon (Unit for Research in Renal and Pulmonary Pathology, University of Paris, Creteil, France); P. H. Burri (Section of Developmental Biology, Institute of Anatomy, University of Berne, Switzerland); G. M. Cohen (as above); D. Dinsdale (MRC Toxicology Unit, Carshalton U. K.); P. Hedqvist (Dept. of Physiology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden); D. Henschler (AST; Dept. of Toxicology and Pharmacology, University of Wurzburg, FDR); G. J. Laurent (Biochemistry Unit, Cardiothoracic Institute, University of London, London, U. K.); R. Lauwerys (AST Industrial and Medical Toxicology Unit, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium); F. Lembeck (AST; Dept. for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Graz, Austria); N. Lery (AST; Poison Control Centre, Lyon, France); P. Moldeus (Dept. of Forensic Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden); B. Nemery (MRC Toxicology Unit, Carshalton, U. K.); A. Saria (Dept. for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Graz, Austria); L. L. Smith (as above);B. Terracini (AST; Dept. of Pathology and Cancer Epidemiology, University of Turin, Italy)     

108例药物流产后阴道出血的超声诊断分析

目的 探讨药物流产后阴道出血的原因，对临床治疗提供依据。方法 对108例停经时间≤49d，尿β-HCG阳性，经超声检查为宫内妊娠，试行药物流产后出血≥14d的患者作为观察对象。结果 108例药物流产后出血的患者中73例经病理检查证实为不全流产占67．59％。结论 药物流产后长时间出血的患者中，最主要原因为不全流产，其次为子宫内膜炎。     

自然流产患者滋养细胞肝素表皮生长因子的表达及意义

目的　探讨自然流产患者滋养细胞肝素表皮生长因子 (HB EGF)的表达及其与滋养细胞增殖细胞核抗原 (PCNA)的关系。方法　选择自然流产患者和正常妊娠者各 2 0例 ,采用免疫组织化学法分析滋养细胞HB EGF和PCNA的表达。结果　HB EGF主要存在于细胞质 ,合体滋养层和细胞滋养层均有表达 ,部分流产滋养细胞不表达。自然流产患者滋养细胞HB EGF和PCNA的表达显著低于正常妊娠者 (P <0 .0 1) ,成正相关 (r =0 .4 5 4 ,P <0 .0 1)。结论　HB EGF的表达和滋养细胞增殖相关 ,HB EGF下降可能与自然流产的发生相关     

早孕妇女人工流产方式意向的临床调查研究

人工流产(简称人流)是各种避孕失败的主要补救措施,目前早孕妇女人流的主要方式有吸刮术与药物流产两种。本文通过对天津市黄河医院意外早孕妇女选择人流方式意向的临床调查研究,探讨现阶段该两种人流方式的可接受性,结果:1000例早孕妇女中选择药物流产(简称药流)者666例(66.6％),吸刮术者334例(33.4％)。本组选择人流方式的理由,其中519例(51.9％)认为药流痛苦少,占第一位,认为手术干脆而选择吸刮术的217例(21.7％),占第二位,其它依次为吸刮术费用低、药流不必手术、吸刮术流产完全、药流不需请假、吸刮术出血时间短、药流安全、吸刮术副作用少、药流保密。药流是近年来使用的流产新方法,本组研究资料及意向选择只反映现阶段早孕妇女的接受状况。     

胎儿主要肢骨发育时间表──超声骨龄

用Ｂ超检测正常妊娠中的胎儿。选择受精龄为１２至３８整周（ｃｏｍｐｌｅｔｅｄｗｅｅｋ）的胎儿２９７例。测量其主要肢骨（干）长度。并将所测数据进行统计学处理。结果表明胎儿肢骨的生长发育与胎龄有显著的正相关关系。     

Mifepristone-induced abortion and birth weight in the first subsequent pregnancy.

OBJECTIVES: To assess the effect of a medically induced abortion (MA) on birth weight in the first subsequent pregnancy. METHODS: Pregnant women who had had a MA, a surgical abortion (SA), or primigravidas with no history of abortion (NA), were recruited for a prospective cohort study between July 1998 and February 2001. The sample for the present analysis included 12995 singleton live births at term. RESULTS: The overall incidence rate of low birth weight (LBW) was 1.0%. The rates of LBW in the MA, SA, and NA groups were 1.0%, 0.9%, and 1.2, respectively. There were no significant differences in LBW rates between the MA and SA groups, neither between the MA and NA. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the effects of MA on birth weight, and we found no relationship between risk of LBW and MA. CONCLUSIONS: We did not find a statistically significant relationship between a history of one medically induced abortion and LBW for the first subsequent term pregnancy.     

贵阳市婴幼儿和青少年发育调查研究 Ⅰ．骨龄研究

对贵阳市１５００名健康婴幼儿童和青少年进行骨发育的调查，根据手腕部骨Ｘ线解剖变化规律，观察每块骨从出现至成熟的过程中，骨化点的出现顺序、数量、形态和密度的改变等指标的系列变化，提出了骨发育评价标准。可供我省运动员选材、儿童少年发育咨询和临床治疗参考。