常州地区首例cisAB血型基因特征分析及家系调查

目的 研究1例ABO亚型及基因特征。 方法 采用试管法对家系3代共7例标本进行ABO血型血清学鉴定;对正反定型不一致的标本运用聚合酶链式反应序列特异性引物(polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primer, PCR-SSP)法基因分型;并对ABO基因第6和7外显子扩增产物进行测序分析。 结果 ABO血型血清学发现7例标本中正反定型不符3例,其中2例红细胞表型为cisAB/A 或ABx,1例为cisAB/O或A2Bx;基因分型为ABO*cisAB01/A101、ABO*cisAB01/O01。ABO基因序列分析:ABO*cisAB01/A101第7外显子发生467C>T、803G>C的特征性突变,ABO*cisAB01/O01第6外显子261位缺失G,第7外显子在467C>T、803G>C存在特征性突变。测序结果均携带有ABO*cisAB01基因。 结论 ABO*cisAB01基因能导致A抗原或者B抗原的弱表达并能稳定遗传,因此应将血型血清学和分子生物学方法相结合才能准确鉴定ABO亚型。     

基于PacBio测序的对叶百部叶绿体基因组结构及系统发育分析

目的：获得对叶百部Stemona tuberosa高质量叶绿体基因组信息,明确其结构、序列特征,同时确定对叶百部的系统发育地位。方法：采用Illumina NovaSeq 6000和PacBio RSⅡ平台对对叶百部分别进行建库测序,利用生物信息软件将2个测序平台的数据进行混合组装和碱基校正,最终获得高质量叶绿体基因组,随后对其序列特征、重复序列、基因多样性和系统发育进行分析。结果：对叶百部叶绿体基因组大小为154 379 bp,叶绿体基因组结构为典型环状四段式,1对27 074 bp的反向重复区（IR）,1个大小为17 924 bp的小单拷贝区（SSC）和1个82 307 bp的大单拷贝区（LSC）,平均鸟嘌呤和肥嘧啶所占的比率（GC）含量为37.86%;共注释得到121个基因,包括30个tRNA基因,4个rRNA基因和87蛋白编码基因,其中6个tRNA基因和12个蛋白质编码基因中存在内含子;对叶百部叶绿体基因组中共发现49个长重复序列和59个单核苷酸简单重复序列（SSR）;4个百部属的叶绿体基因组比较分析表明ycf1和ndhF基因具有高度多样性;基于叶绿体基因组构建的系统发育树与对...     

Genomic Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2: Distribution of Clades in the Republic of Korea in 2020

Since a novel beta-coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was first reported in December 2019, there has been a rapid global spread of the virus. Genomic surveillance was conducted on samples isolated from infected individuals to monitor the spread of genetic variants of SARS-CoV-2 in Korea. The Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency performed whole genome sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 in Korea for 1 year (January 2020 to January 2021). A total of 2,488 SARS-CoV-2 cases were sequenced (including 648 cases from abroad). Initially, the prevalent clades of SARS-CoV-2 were the S and V clades, however, by March 2020, GH clade was the most dominant. Only international travelers were identified as having G or GR clades, and since the first variant 501Y.V1 was identified (from a traveler from the United Kingdom on December 22^nd, 2020), a total of 27 variants of 501Y.V1, 501Y.V2, and 484K.V2 have been classified (as of January 25^th, 2021). The results in this study indicated that quarantining of travelers entering Korea successfully prevented dissemination of the SARS-CoV-2 variants in Korea.     

ABCB4基因突变合并巨细胞病毒感染致婴儿胆汁淤积症的诊治分析并文献复习

目的探讨ABCB4基因突变合并巨细胞病毒(CMV)感染致婴儿胆汁淤积症(IC)患儿的临床特征、基因检测结果和诊治方案。 方法选择2019年8月3日,于中山大学附属第七医院就诊并确诊为ABCB4基因突变合并CMV感染致IC的1例婴儿(女性,生后9个月)为研究对象。回顾性分析其临床病例资料,包括临床特征、实验室检查结果及基因检测结果。同时,检索国内外数据库中ABCB4基因突变所致IC患儿的相关文献,并进行文献复习。本研究遵循的程序符合2013年新修订的《世界医学协会赫尔辛基宣言》要求。 结果本例IC患儿在本院诊治结果如下。①病史采集：系G₂P₂,足月顺产,外观无异常,否认新生儿黄疸病史,生后2个月龄时出现皮肤及巩膜呈暗绿色,伴反复呕奶,当地医院治疗并诊断为胆汁淤积性肝病、CMV感染和泌尿系统感染,抗病毒治疗2周后好转出院。出院时,其血清总胆汁酸(sTBA)为152.8 μmol/L,CMV-DNA<4×10² copies/mL,口服熊去氧胆酸胶囊10 mg/(kg·d)治疗后,皮肤暗绿色逐渐消退,大、小便正常。出院后定期监测肝功能,sTBA、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶(GGT)仍然较正常值增高。②实验室检查：血清CMV免疫球蛋白(Ig)G抗体呈阳性、CMV IgM抗体呈阴性,CMV-DNA<55×10² copies/mL。基因检测结果：患儿及其父亲均携带ABCB4基因杂合变异。治疗结果：经口服熊去氧胆酸胶囊10 mg/(kg·d)及谷胱甘肽片0.1 g/次× 3次/d治疗后,对患儿定期复查sTBA、GGT。随访到18个月龄时,其各项指标逐渐恢复正常范围。③文献复习结果：共计检索到8篇国内外报道的因ABCB4基因突变引起IC相关文献,纳入14例IC患儿,均被诊断为进行性家族性肝内胆汁淤积3型(PFIC3),伴肝大,sTBA、GGT水平升高等。14例IC患儿中,共检测到ABCB4基因突变位点20个。其中,9例IC患儿接受熊去氧胆酸治疗,7例随访结果显示临床症状及实验室检查指标有所好转。 结论携带ABCB4基因突变,可引起IC。对于sTBA升高、肝酶异常的病因不明确、治疗效果不佳IC患儿,建议完善基因检测进一步排查ABCB4基因突变所致胆汁淤积症。     

Territorywide Study of Early Coronavirus Disease Outbreak,Hong Kong,China

Initial cases of coronavirus disease in Hong Kong were imported from mainland China. A dramatic increase in case numbers was seen in February 2020. Most case-patients had no recent travel history, suggesting the presence of transmission chains in the local community. We collected demographic, clinical, and epidemiologic data from 50 patients, who accounted for 53.8% of total reported case-patients as of February 28, 2020. We performed whole-genome sequencing to determine phylogenetic relationship and transmission dynamics of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infections. By using phylogenetic analysis, we attributed the community outbreak to 2 lineages; 1 harbored a common mutation, Orf3a-G251V, and accounted for 88.0% of the cases in our study. The estimated time to the most recent common ancestor of local coronavirus disease outbreak was December 24, 2019, with an evolutionary rate of 3.04 × 10⁻³ substitutions/site/year. The reproduction number was 1.84, indicating ongoing community spread.     

Genomic and Pathologic Findings for Prototheca cutis Infection in Cat

Severe nasal Prototheca cutis infection was diagnosed postmortem for an immunocompetent cat with respiratory signs. Pathologic examination and whole-genome sequencing identified this species of algae, and susceptibility testing determined antimicrobial resistance patterns. P. cutis infection should be a differential diagnosis for soft tissue infections of mammals.     

PCR在猴B病毒鉴定中的应用研究

目的为鉴定新分离毒株是否为B病毒.方法根据ScinicarielloF报道的引物,用PCR方法扩增BV147、HSV-1、HSV-2,对扩增产物进行SacⅡ内切酶消化.结果这一对引物可同时对这3种病毒进行扩增,但只有BV147的扩增产物可被SacⅡ内切酶切开.对BV147扩增片段克隆测序的结果证实,其与美国B病毒E2490株部分基因(UL27)相对应位置的核苷酸同源性为100%.结论初步建立了检测B病毒DNA的PCR方法并测定了新分离病毒毒株的部分基因序列,证明新分离的病毒为B病毒.     

基于高通量测序的人工培殖冬虫夏草僵虫颜色变化转录组分析

目的:探索人工培殖冬虫夏草Cordyceps sinensis(BerK.)Sacc.外观品质形成的分子基础。方法:以重庆和康定人工培殖冬虫夏草僵虫为材料,利用Illumina Hiseq 2500高通量测序技术进行转录组测序分析,基于差异倍数(FC)和错误发现率(FDR)筛选差异表达基因,具体筛选条件为|log2FC|>1、FDR<0.05。结果:共获得21942个转录本,利用DEGSeq筛选获得1575个差异表达基因,其中上调表达基因626个、下调表达基因949个;基因本体(GO)数据库和京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)富集分析结果显示,这些差异表达基因主要集中于氨基酸代谢、折叠-分选-降解、糖代谢、转运和分解代谢、辅酶因子和微生物代谢等途径;筛选到66个颜色变化差异表达基因,包含46个氧化还原酶活性相关基因、12个过氧化物酶体相关基因、3个单加氧酶活性调节相关基因、3个黑化反应相关基因、2个活性氧代谢相关基因,其中tyr1、TYR基因可能是冬虫夏草僵虫颜色变化的关键功能基因。结论:利用高通量测序技术和生物信息分析获得了人工培殖冬虫夏草僵虫转录组信息特征,为阐明人工培殖冬虫夏草僵虫颜色变化的调控机制研究提供参考。