三种IgM酶联免疫试剂盒在麻疹病例实验室诊断中的应用比较

目的对三种抗麻疹病毒IgM酶联免疫试剂盒(海泰快速法、海泰普通法和德国试剂A)在麻疹病例早期诊断的应用进行比较。方法采用双盲法,用三种试剂盒对麻疹疑似病例急性期血清样品平行检测。结果海泰快速法、海泰普通法和德国进口试剂A等三种抗麻疹病毒IgM酶联免疫试剂对170份麻疹疑似病例急性期血清样品的阳性检出率分别为67.65%、64.71%和62.35%;灵敏度分别为100%、99.1%和94.4%;特异度分别为88.7%、95.2%和93.5%;调整一致性分别为95.7%、97.5%和93.7%;约登指数分别为0.887、0.942和0.880。结论三种试剂盒检测结果符合率较高,另外海泰快速法的灵敏度最高,海泰快速法和海泰普通法在敏感性及特异性上都有较为理想的结果,而且海泰快速法试剂操作更为简便、快速,更适合于基层疾病控制部门快速诊断麻疹病例,采取措施,控制疫情。     

儿童社区获得性肺炎肺炎支原体感染的快速诊断

目的:探讨儿童社区获得性肺炎(CAP)肺炎支原体(MP)感染的快速诊断方法,以帮助临床正确选择抗生素。方法:将159例经逆转录聚合酶链反应方法(RT-PCR)证实为MP感染的住院患儿随机分为A、B、C三组,分别进行血清特异性IgM、IgG及双份血清补体结合实验,同时设立健康对照组。结果:A组53例中MP特异性IgM阳性48例(90·57%);B组53例检出MP特异性IgG阳性35例(66·4%);C组53例患儿分别于入院第1d及至少10d后收集双份血清进行补体结合实验,共采集标本50人份,证实为MP阳性的46例(92·00%);MP-IgM检测结果还具有年龄差异,3岁以下组的阳性率低于3岁以上组(P<0·05);50例健康儿童MP-IgM阳性1例(2·00%),MP-IgG阳性7例(14·00%),双份血清实验检测未见阳性。结论:MP血清特异性IgM检测是早期快速诊断儿童MP感染的有效手段,但其结果具有年龄组的差异,婴幼儿MP感染的诊断还需结合PCR及双份血清实验。     

内蒙古地区柯萨奇B组病毒及分型与病毒性心肌炎的相关性研究

目的:了解内蒙古地区病毒性心肌炎(VMC)的柯萨奇B组病毒(CBV)感染特点。方法:采用酶联免疫吸附实验(ELISA),定量检测CBVB1-6IgM抗体。结果:CBVB1—6型IgM抗体阳性检出率52.5%(72/137),B3型最高占40.3%(29/72),其次依次为B2型、B4型、B5型,分别为26.4%(19/72)、20.8%(15/72)、6.9%(5/72),B1型和B6型各2.8%(2/72):而对照组IgM抗体阳性检出率为13.6%(19/140)。病毒性心肌炎血清中CBV1-6型IgM抗体阳性检出率明显高于对照组,两者差异有显著性。结论:内蒙古地区柯萨奇B组病毒感染是病毒性心肌炎的主要病因。     

Investigation and management of IgM and Waldenström‐associated peripheral neuropathies: recommendations from the IWWM‐8 consensus panel

Paraproteinaemic neuropathies are a heterogeneous group of disorders most frequently associated with IgM monoclonal gammopathies including Waldenström macroglobulinaemia (WM ). Their consequences are significant for affected patients, and their management challenging for their physicians. The variability in clinical presentation and time course hamper classification and management. The indications for invasive investigations such as cerebrospinal fluid analysis, nerve conduction tests and sensory nerve biopsies are unclear, and the optimum way to measure clinical response to treatment unknown. When to intervene and and how to treat, also present challenges to physicians. As part of its latest deliberations at the International Workshops on WM (IWWM ) in London, UK (August 2014), the IWWM 8 panel have proposed a consensus approach to the diagnosis and management of peripheral neuropathies associated with IgM monoclonal gammopathies, including WM . Importantly, a consensus regarding the use of clinical outcome measures and recommended models of care for this group of patients is discussed, as well as appropriate treatment interventions.     

Transitional cell carcinoma in a patient with X‐linked hyperimmunoglobulin M syndrome

Patients with X‐linked hyperimmunoglobulin M syndrome (XHIGM) have a defective CD40–CD40 ligand system and further immunoglobulin class‐switching. They may present with recurrent infection and malignancy involving the liver, pancreas or biliary tract. We report here a case of poorly differentiated transitional cell carcinoma in a young man with XHIGM even on regular treatment and discuss the possible pathogenesis. Given that the triggering of the CD40–CD40 ligand system has been found to improve tumor immunogenicity in recent studies, future immunotherapy targeting the CD40 ligand for these patients may be feasible to prolong their survival.     

原发性胆汁性胆管炎25-(OH)维生素D、AMA-M2、ALP、IgM相关性研究

目的分析原发性胆汁性胆管炎与25-(OH)维生素D、抗线粒体抗体M2(AMA-M2)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)间的相关性。方法收集2018年1月至2019年12月28例本院原发性胆汁性胆管炎患者(A组)、20例肝硬化患者(B组)、20例健康体检(C组)进行研究,均检测抗线粒体抗体、25-(OH)维生素D、IgM、ALP等指标,对比研究分析检验结果。结果 (1)A组AMA、AMA-M2阳性率高于B组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。(2)三组受检者间25-(OH)维生素D、IgM、ALP水平比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);A组与B组间AST水平比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论原发性胆汁性胆管炎与25-(OH)维生素D、AMA-M2、ALP、IgM间有着密切关系,联合检测比单一的指标检测,能更好地为临床争取早期诊断、治疗,提供新的思路和科学依据,建议临床推广应用。     

Truly selective primary IgM deficiency is probably very rare

Isolated decreased serum‐immunoglobulin (Ig)M has been associated with severe and/or recurrent infections, atopy and autoimmunity. However, the reported high prevalence of clinical problems in IgM‐deficient patients may reflect the skewed tertiary centre population studied so far. Also, many papers on IgM deficiency have included patients with more abnormalities than simply IgM‐deficiency. We studied truly selective primary IgM deficiency according to the diagnostic criteria of the European Society for Immunodeficiencies (ESID) (true sIgMdef) by reviewing the literature (261 patients with primary decreased serum‐IgM in 46 papers) and analysing retrospectively all patients with decreased serum‐IgM in a large teaching hospital in 's‐Hertogenbosch, the Netherlands [1 July 2005–23 March 2016; n = 8049 IgM < 0·4 g/l; n = 2064 solitary (IgG+IgA normal/IgM < age‐matched reference)]. A total of 359 of 2064 (17%) cases from our cohort had primary isolated decreased serum‐IgM, proven persistent in 45 of 359 (13%) cases; their medical charts were reviewed. Our main finding is that true sIgMdef is probably very rare. Only six of 261 (2%) literature cases and three of 45 (7%) cases from our cohort fulfilled the ESID criteria completely; 63 of 261 (24%) literature cases also had other immunological abnormalities and fulfilled the criteria for unclassified antibody deficiencies (unPAD) instead. The diagnosis was often uncertain (possible sIgMdef): data on IgG subclasses and/or vaccination responses were lacking in 192 of 261 (74%) literature cases and 42 of 45 (93%) cases from our cohort. Our results also illustrate the clinical challenge of determining the relevance of a serum sample with decreased IgM; a larger cohort of true sIgMdef patients is needed to explore fully its clinical consequences. The ESID online Registry would be a useful tool for this.     

A patient with fever,abdominal pain and bicytopenia: Trouble once again with these IgM antibodies!

We here report the case of a 30-year old man with a history of ulcerative colitis, who presented clinical and biological features compatible with a viral hepatitis. Initial serological results revealed the presence of IgM antibodies against many viruses, and the most likely diagnosis was viral hepatitis A. However, further investigations were performed and concluded to cytomegalovirus primary infection.