Enantiomeric purity determination of acetyl-l-carnitine by NMR with chiral lanthanide shift reagents

Enantiomer signal separation of acetyl-carnitine chloride was obtained on a 500 MHz Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (¹H NMR) analysis by fast diastereomeric interaction with chiral shift reagents such as chiral lanthanide-camphorato or chiral samarium-pdta shift reagents. Effects of the kinds of chiral shift reagents and the molar ratio of chiral shift reagent to acetyl-carnitine chloride on enantiomer signal separation were investigated and evaluated. Optimization of the experimental conditions provided two significant split signals for the enantiomers, leading to the successful quantitative analysis. Distinguishment of 0.5% of the minor enantiomer (d-form) in acetyl-l-carnitine chloride was found to be possible by ¹H NMR with tris[3-(heptafluoropropylhydroxymethylene)-d-camphorato] and praseodymium derivative, (Pr[hfc]₃), as chiral shift reagents.     

Characterization of the norovirus 3C-like protease

The recombinant 3C-like protease of Chiba virus, a Norovirus, expressed in Escherichia coli cells was purified and characterized as to effects of pH, temperature, salt contents, and SH reagents on its proteolytic activity. The optimal pH and temperature of the 3C-like protease for the proteolytic activity were 8.6 and 37 °C, respectively. Increased concentration (100 mM) of monovalent cations such as Na⁺ and K⁺ was inhibitory to the activity. Hg²⁺ and Zn²⁺ remarkably inhibited the protease activity, while Mg²⁺ and Ca²⁺ had no virtual effect. Several sulfhydryl reagents such as p-chloromercuribenzoic acid, methyl methanethiosulfonate, N-ethylmaleimide and N-phenylmaleimide also blocked the activity, confirming the previous result that cysteine residue(s) were responsible for the proteolysis.     

茵栀黄注射液的内毒素检查法研究

目的：研究内毒素检查法用于茵栀黄注射液的可行性。方法：通过干扰试验,确定茵栀黄注射液对鲎试验是否具有抑制或增强作用,再对3批样品进行检测,结果：茵栀黄注射液稀释40倍,用灵敏度为0．060Eu/ml的鲎试剂检测,与热原检查结果一致,结论：内毒检查法可用于检测茵栀黄注射液中的细胞内毒素。     

国内外药典试药通则比较

目的:通过对国内外药典的试药通则进行全面比较,探讨如何修订完善《中国药典》试药通则.方法:对中、日、英、美四国药典及欧洲药典从试药通则的通用要求,体例格式,具体品种的分类分级以及关键指标的限度和方法等方面分别进行对比和讨论.结果 与结论:《中国药典》试药标准应与国家化学试剂标准相协调,通用技术要求应丰富,试药品种的关键...     

影响抗A杂交瘤细胞抗体分泌的部分因素

目的 研究影响抗Ａ杂交瘤细胞抗体分泌的部分因素。方法 通过试管法和玻片法检测Ａ抗体的效价和亲和力。结果 ０．２５ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ、０．５ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ丁酸钠和０．０１Ｕ／ｍＬ胰岛 能明显提高抗Ａ抗体的效价和亲和力,ＨＡ 筛上体积细胞迅速死亡,抗Ａ抗体的效价和新和力明显提高。结论 丁酸钠、胰岛素和ＨＡＴ重筛选可提高抗Ａ杂交瘤细胞抗体的分泌。     

国产液体血凝试剂在Stago血凝仪上的性能评价

目的评价国产液体血凝试剂在法国Stago血凝仪上的性能。方法选择成人血浆样本285例,分别使用国产液体血凝试剂和法国Stago血凝仪原装试剂,在Stago血凝仪上进行凝血酶原时间、活化部分凝血活酶时间、纤维蛋白原和凝血酶时间4项凝血指标检测,检测结果参考美国临床实验室修正法规1988（CLIA＇88）标准要求进行统计分析。结果国产液体血凝试剂的检测结果与Stago原装血凝试剂的检测结果相比,均符合美国CLIA＇88标准要求,二者检测结果无显著性差异。结论国产液体血凝试剂可以代替进口原装试剂在Stago血凝仪上用于凝血4项临床实验检测。     

丙型肝炎病毒分片段试剂对抗-HCV临界值附近标本的确认价值

目的探讨丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)分片段(抗-HCV-C、抗-HCV-NS3、抗-HCV-NS4、抗-HCV-NS5)试剂对抗-HCV临界(CO)范围标本的确认价值。方法酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)方法检测抗-HCV总抗体,结果为临界值(S/CO)或灰区状态(CO±10%)的可疑标本,分离血清后贮存于-29℃低温冰箱内,集中用丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)抗体分片段酶联免疫确认试剂,在全自动酶标分析仪上进行检测,收集可疑标本44例,其中抗-HCVCO±10%阳性24例及CO±10%阴性20例。同时收集抗-HCV总抗体S/CO值大于5.0的标本30例,健康对照标本20例。结果44例抗-HCVELISA总抗体检测S/CO值为灰区状态标本中,HCV分片段确认为阳性者为22.7%(10/44),可疑者为6.8%(3/44),阴性者为70.5%(31/44)。抗-HCVCO±10%阳性中的假阳性率为54.2%(13/24),抗-HCVCO±10%阴性中的假阴性率为5.0%(1/20)。30例抗-HCV检测S/CO值大于5.0的标本中,HCV分片段确认阳性者为80.0%(24/30),可疑者为13.3%(4/30),阴性者为6.7%(2/30);20例健康对照组HCV分片段确认试验均呈阴性反应。结论用HCV分片段酶联免疫确认试剂对抗-HCVELISA总抗体检测是较好的旁证试验,特别对不确定的灰区标本进一步的确认意义甚大,可降低抗-HCV在检测低危人群时所产生的假阳性及假阴性结果,提高临床丙型肝炎诊断的准确率,对血站安全用血、避免浪费血源有一定的实用价值,且操作简便,易于推广应用。     

宫腔镜联合B超诊治困难IUD取出的护理体会

宫腔镜联合B超在诊治困难宫内节育器取出中具有直观、安全、准确等优点，我院已实施50例，现汇报如下。     

Biglycan and fibromodulin fragmentation correlates with temporal and spatial annular remodelling in experimentally injured ovine intervertebral discs

This study evaluated spatial and temporal extracellular matrix changes, induced by controlled surgical defects in the outer third of the annulus fibrosus (AF) of ovine intervertebral discs (IVDs). Thirty-two 4 year old sheep received a 4 mm deep × 10 mm wide standard annular surgical incision in the L1L2 and L3L4 IVDs (lesion group), 32 sheep were also subjected to the same surgical approach but the AF was not incised (sham-operated controls). Remodeling of the IVD matrix in the lesion and sham discs was assessed histochemically at 3, 6,12 and 26 month post operation (PO). Discs were also dissected into annular lesion site and contra-lateral AF and NP and equivalent zones in the sham sheep group, extracted with GuHCl, dialysed, freeze dried, digested with chondroitinase ABC/keratanase-I and aliquots examined for small leucine repeat proteoglycan (SLRP) core protein species by Western blotting using C-terminal antibodies to decorin, biglycan, lumican and fibromodulin and monoclonal antibody (Mab) 2B6 to unsaturated stub epitopes on chondroitin-4-sulphate generated by chondroitinase ABC. Masson Trichrome and Picrosirius red staining demonstrated re-organisation of the outermost collagenous lamellae in the incised discs 3–6 month PO. Toluidine blue staining also demonstrated a focal loss of anionic proteoglycan (PG) from the annular lesion 3–6 month PO with partial recovery of PG levels by 26 month. Specific fragments of biglycan and fibromodulin were associated with remodeling of the AF 12–26 month PO in the lesion IVDs but were absent from the NP of the lesion discs or all tissue zones in the sham animal group. Fragments of decorin were also observed in lesion zone extracts from 3 to 6 months but diminished after this. Isolation and characterization of the biglycan/fibromodulin fragments may identify them as prospective biomarkers of annular remodeling and characterization of the enzyme systems responsible for their generation may identify therapeutic target molecules.     

Separation of intra- and extracellular lactate NMR signals using a lanthanide shift reagent.

This work describes the use of [Pr-DO3A] as a shift reagent for differentiating intra- and extracellular L-lactate resonance in (1)H- and (13)C-NMR spectra. DO3A acts as heptadentate ligand towards lanthanide(III) ions, leaving two coordination vacancies for the coordination of the L-lactate ion. The exchange between free and [Pr-DO3A]-bound L-lactate is fast on the NMR timescale, thus yielding a paramagnetically shifted L-lactate signal for the substrate in the compartment containing the paramagnetic chelate. The evaluation of the method was carried out on a model system based on sealed ghosts from human red blood cells.