BINSWANGER病颈动脉IMT与IGF-1相关性研究

目的：探讨Binswanger病颈动脉内膜-中层厚度（inti ma-media thickness,I MT）和血清胰岛素样生长因子-1（insulin 1ike growth factor-1,IGF-1）的相关性。方法：54例经临床确诊为Binswanger病（Binswanger’s disease BD）患者（经神经心理学检测分为3组：轻度痴呆22例、中度痴呆17例、重度痴呆15例）和30例门诊健康体检志愿者,用二维超声检测颈动脉内中膜厚度,同时测定静脉血胰岛素样生长因子-1（IGF-1）水平,并进行统计分析。结果：BD组血清IGF-I水平均明显低于健康对照组（P〈0.05）,轻度痴呆组和中度痴呆组差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,中度痴呆组和重度痴呆组比较有显著性差异（P〈0.05）。血清IGF-I水平和颈动脉内膜-中层厚度呈中度负相关（r=-0.453）,BD患者的颈动脉内膜-中层厚度均明显高于对照组（P〈0.05）,轻度痴呆组和中、重度痴呆组之间差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,中、重度痴呆组之间差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：血清IGF-1水平和颈动脉超声相结合,有助于BD痴呆程度的判断,为临床早期治疗BD提供可靠的依据。     

High prevalence of metabolic syndrome in patients with ankylosing spondylitis

The objective of this work is to investigate the occurrence of atherosclerosis and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients (pts). Twenty-four consecutive AS pts (men, 87.5%; median age, 50.5 years; median disease duration, 16.5 years), fulfilling the modified 1984 New York criteria for AS criteria, and 19 age- and sex-matched controls were investigated. Clinical atherosclerosis was evaluated by physical examination for cardiovascular (CV) diseases and history or drug use for CV events. Subclinical atherosclerosis was detected by mean intima media thickness (a-IMT) and maximum IMT (max-IMT) of carotid arteries using ultrasonography. Laboratory investigations including fasting plasma glucose, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides were assessed by standard methods, while homocysteine was assessed by chemiluminescence. MetS was assessed using the updated NCEP-ATP III criteria. Disease activity was defined according to the International Ankylosing Spondylitis Assessment Study criteria. The 10-year CV risk (%) profile was evaluated in agreement to the Progetto Cuore criteria. No major CV event was detected in the study population. No significant differences were found when AS pts and controls were compared according to the mean a-IMT (0.52±0.26 vs 0.51±0.13 mm), max-IMT (0.92±0.20 vs 0.85±0.39 mm), prevalence of abnormal max-IMT >1 mm (27.2 vs 5.3%), and 10-year CV risk (9.9±9.6 vs 3.6±1.8%). Systolic blood pressure (p=0.04), triglyceride to HDL cholesterol ratio (p=0.002), and LDL cholesterol (p=0.03) were found significantly higher in AS pts than in controls; on the contrary, HDL cholesterol was pointed out as significantly lower (p<0.001). MetS was found in 11/24 (45.8%) AS pts and in 2/19 (10.5%) controls (p=0.019). No significant relationship emerged in MetS prevalence among AS pts regarding the mean value of age, disease duration, Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index, Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index, and the Italian version of Health Assessment Questionnaire. This preliminary report points out a higher prevalence of MetS in AS pts than in controls. Further studies are needed to confirm this finding.     

Effects of total glucosides from paeony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall) roots on experimental atherosclerosis in rats

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Total glucosides of paeony (TGP), compounds extracted from the roots of Paeonia lactiflora Pall, have been used as an anti-inflammatory drug for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in China. Inflammation plays a critical role in the development of atherosclerotic vascular disease. Risk of cardiovascular diseases is significantly higher in patients with RA than in normal population. It has a great significance to study the effects of TGP on atherosclerosis.

Aim of the study

To investigate the effects of TGP on atherosclerosis induced by excessive administration of vitamin D and cholesterol in rats and study the mechanisms involved.

Materials and methods

Atherosclerosis was induced by excessive administration of vitamin D and cholesterol in rats. TGP was intragastrically administered for 15 weeks. The serum concentrations of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) were measured by automatic biochemistry analyzer. Apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) and apolipoprotein B (ApoB) were determined by immunoturbidimetry method, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. The morphological changes of aorta were observed with optical microscopy.

Results

Compared to controls, TGP significantly lowered the serum level of TC, TG, LDL-C, ApoB, TNF-alpha, IL-6 and CRP, increased the ratios of HDL-C/LDL-C and ApoA1/ApoB, decreased the intima-media thickness (IMT) of abdominal aortal wall and improved the morphological change of the aorta.

Conclusions

TGP may attenuate the development of atherosclerotic disease. The beneficial effects are associated with its lowering blood lipids and inhibiting the expression of inflammatory cytokines.     

彩色多普勒超声对2型糖尿病并发脑梗死患者血糖与颈动脉内中膜相关性的研究

目的应用彩色多普勒超声探讨2型糖尿病（T2DM）并发脑梗死患者血糖与颈动脉内中膜（IMT）的相关性。方法对我院2007年1月至2008年12月间131例脑梗死行数字减影脑血管造影检查（脑DSA）的患者进行血糖分析,同时进行颈动脉超声检查。结果脑梗死糖尿病组颈总动脉IMT明显增厚,61例脑梗死糖尿病组查出颈动脉硬化粥样硬化斑块数135块,70例脑梗死非糖尿病组查出斑块数46块,2组有显著差异（P〈0.01）。结论T2DM并脑梗死患者血糖与颈动脉硬化呈正相关,对糖尿病患者进行脑血管病一级及二级预防具有重要的意义。     

氯吡格雷对颈动脉斑块的影响

目的探讨氯吡格雷颈动脉斑块的影响。方法将60例颈动脉粥样硬化斑块形成的病人随机分成两组．治疗组服用氯吡格雷75mg,qd,与服用肠溶阿司匹林75mg,qd,作为对照组,服药前后记录斑块面积、颈动脉管腔直径（离颈内外动脉分叉1cm处的测量值、CCAD）、内中膜厚度（IMT）以及斑块性质。结果病人颈动脉粥样硬化斑块面积缩小或消失,CCAD增加、IMT变薄,治疗前后有显著性差异（P〈0．01）,而与对照组相比,亦有显著性差异（P〈O．05）。结论氯吡格雷对颈动脉斑块有明显逆转作用。     

社区干预对2型糖尿病大血管病变的影响

目的 探讨社区干预对改善2型糖尿病大血管病变IMT、hs-CRP的效果. 方法 将180名患者随机分为干预组和对照组,每组各90人.对干预组入组患者社区干预2年以上,分别对两组患者测定IMT、hs-CRP、空腹血糖、血脂、肥胖指数(BMI)、HbA1c,进行对比. 结果干预/对照2年后干预组患者IMT值及hs-CRP值与对照组相比差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01),两组干预/对照后HOMA-IR值、TC比较(P均＜0.05),干预组FPG与对照组FPG比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).两组各组数据干预/对照前后比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.0001). 结论通过社区的规范化综合性干预和管理可以减轻糖尿病大血管病变的程度.     

Serum total homocysteine,folate, 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) 677C→T genotype and subclinical atherosclerosis

Objective: To determine the relationship of serum total homocysteine (tHcy), serum folate and 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) 677C→T genotype with ultrasonic arterial wall measurements associated with subclinical atherosclerosis. Study design: Cross-sectional analysis of 767 participants in an ongoing prospective study. Intima-media thickness (IMT) of the common carotid (IMTcc), IMT of the internal carotid including plaque when present (IMT_max) and the sum of the thickest plaques present in both carotid and both common femoral bifurcations (total plaque thickness (TPT)) were measured using ultrasound. Results: People in the upper homocysteine quartile were more likely to have clinical cardiovascular disease (CVD) than those in the lowest three quartiles. They were also more likely to have plaques. The MTHFR 677C→T genotype was not associated with any of the measures of subclinical atherosclerosis in either men or women but was the most important determinant of total homocysteine levels in men under 60 years of age. Conclusions: Increased homocysteine levels but not MTHFR 677C→T genotype, are associated with subclinical atherosclerosis and the presence of plaques. Our results indicate that measurements of blood levels of homocysteine and folate in people at intermediate risk for atherosclerotic CVD before symptoms occur, might improve risk stratification and facilitate the decision to provide folate/B vitamin intervention in primary prevention.     

老年2型糖尿病患者血浆同型半胱氨酸与动脉粥样硬化的关系

目的:探讨老年2型糖尿病患者血浆同型半胱氨酸(Homocysteine,HCY)与动脉粥样硬化的关系.方法:测定42例老年2型糖尿病患者和62例正常老年人的血浆HCY水平、颈动脉内中膜厚度(IMT)以及颈动脉(Carotid)、股动脉(Femoral)的斑块(Plaque)发生率.结果:糖尿病组血浆HCY水平明显高于对照组(P均＜0.01),颈动脉IMT及斑块发生率较对照组明显增加(P均＜0.05),其中合并早期糖尿病肾病者(IDN)与无并发症者(NIDN)相比,血浆HCY水平、颈动脉IMT及斑块发生率增加更明显(P均＜0.05).结论:血浆HCY升高可能是老年糖尿病动脉粥样硬化的独立危险因素之一,并与糖尿病微血管病变的发生有关.     

阿托伐他汀对高脂血症患者颈动脉内膜中层厚度及凝血系统的影响

目的　观察阿托伐他汀调脂同时对高脂血症患者颈动脉内膜中层厚度 (IMT)及凝血系统的影响。方法　选择高脂血症患者 35例为血脂紊乱组 ,口服阿托伐他汀 10mg·qd ,12周 ,血脂正常者 35例为正常对照组 ,分别对血脂紊乱组治疗前及 12周后两组进行血脂总胆固醇 (TC)、甘油三酯 (TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (LDL C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (HDL C)、IMT、纤维蛋白原 (FIB)、凝血酶时间 (TT)、活化部分凝血酶时间 (APTT)、凝血酶原时间 (PT)检查。结果　与治疗前比较 ,血脂紊乱组治疗 12周后的TC、TG、LDL C、FIB均有显著降低 (P均 <0 0 1) ,HDL -C显著升高 (P <0 0 5 ) ,颈动脉IMT显著变薄 (P <0 0 5 ) ,TT、APTT均有显著延长 (P均 <0 0 1)。PT显著升高 (P <0 0 5 )。TC、TG、LDL C、HDL C、IMT、FIB、PT均接近血脂正常组各指标 ,比较无显著差异 (P >0 0 5 )。TT、APTT均超出血脂正常组 ,比较有显著差异 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　阿托伐他汀在有效调脂同时可发挥其非调脂作用 ,逆转或延迟颈动脉IMT的进程 ,并改善凝血系统。     

颈动脉粥样硬化患者臂踝脉搏波传导速度baPWV与颈动脉内中膜厚度IMT相关性研究

目的:通过联合运用多普勒超声与动脉硬化仪探讨颈动脉粥样硬化患者颈动脉内中膜厚度(IMT)与臂踝脉搏波传导速度(ba PWV)的相关性,综合评价补肾中药复方首参颗粒的临床疗效。方法:选取156例颈动脉粥样硬化患者,随机分为西药组73例和中药组83例,西药组口服普法他汀治疗,中药组服用首参颗粒治疗,疗程均为6个月。分析颈动脉粥样硬化患者ba PWV与IMT的相关性,观察两组患者治疗前、治疗后IMT与ba PWV变化。结果:156例颈动脉粥样硬化患者IMT与ba PWV之间呈显著正相关(相关系数为0.1873),两组治疗后IMT与ba PWV均较治疗前明显降低(P0.01或P0.05),两组间同期比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:IMT与ba PWV可作为颈动脉粥样硬化患者临床监测的有效指标,首参颗粒可能通过降低颈动脉粥样硬化患者IMT、ba PWV进而有效干预动脉粥样硬化。