弓形虫性视网膜脉络膜炎

本文介绍了弓形虫性视网膜脉络膜炎16例,其中1例属多灶性与Coats病相似;余为局灶性,多与中心性、渗出性视网膜炎相似。血清抗体IHA均>1:80,并阐述了此病的临床特点及治疗方法,提出对可疑者应作特异血清抗体检查,以便确诊与及时治疗。     

三种试验方法检测莱姆病抗体比较

本文采用IFA、ELISA、CF诊断技术,对分别采自云南、辽宁的271份林业工人血清进行莱姆病抗体检测,对其敏感性、特异性等指标进行比较。结果是IFA呈现(≥1:128)阳性41份;ELISA超过OD值X+3SD(OD≥0.83)56份;CF呈现(≥1:128)阳性38份。三种试验方法阳性率(％)之比为100.00:136.55:92.66。CF虽操作复杂,但选择性极强,相对低的敏感性有助于识别真正的莱姆病。     

Early axonal damage and progressive myelin pathology define the kinetics of CNS histopathology in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis

Studies of MS histopathology are largely dependent on suitable animal models. While light microscopic analysis gives an overview of tissue pathology, it falls short in evaluating detailed changes in nerve fiber morphology. The ultrastructural data presented here and obtained from studies of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG):35–55-induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in C57BL/6 mice delineate that axonal damage and myelin pathology follow different kinetics in the disease course. While myelin pathology accumulated with disease progression, axonal damage coincided with the initial clinical disease symptoms and remained stable over time. This pattern applied both to irreversible axolysis and early axonal pathology. Notably, these histopathological patterns were reflected by the normal-appearing white matter (NAWM), suggesting that the NAWM is also in an active neurodegenerative state. The data underline the need for neuroprotection in MS and suggest the MOG model as a highly valuable tool for the assessment of different therapeutic strategies.     

Compliance with iron-folic acid (IFA) therapy among pregnant women in an urban area of south India

Background

Anaemia is highly prevalent among pregnant women and iron deficiency is the most important cause. Like many other countries, India has policies to give pregnant women iron supplements. Non-compliance is one important challenging factor in combating anaemia.

Objective

To estimate the compliance for IFA tablets among pregnant women and to study the social factors influencing it.

Methodology

This study included 190 pregnant women seeking ante-natal care in tertiary health centres in the Mangalore city in south India. After Institutional Ethics Committee (IEC) approval, data was collected by personal interview. Missing >2 doses consecutively was considered non-compliance. The data was analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) version 11.5.

Results

The mean age of the study population was 25.8 years (SD: 4.1). Most of the subjects consumed mixed diet and 72.1% belonged to lower socioeconomic status. Overall, compliance with IFA tablets was 64.7%. Compliance increased with the increase in age, birth order and single daily dose. Forgetfulness and both perceived as well as experienced side effects of IFA therapy were the important factors for non-compliance.

Conclusion

There was a moderate level of compliance towards IFA tablets with key social and demographic factors playing an important role.     

不明原因发热病人中五日热巴尔通体感染调查

目的 了解不明原因发热病人中有无五日热巴尔通体(Bartonella quintana)感染存在. 方法 以间接免疫荧光抗体测定法(IFA)对云南的景洪市、德宏潞西县和大理州三地不明原因发热病人血清共100份测抗五日热巴尔通体抗原的IgG抗体. 结果 景洪市有3份阳性,其中2份滴度达1:3 200,1份为1:1 000;德宏潞西县有2份阳性,1份为1:1 000,另1份为1:320. 结论 不明原因发热病人中有五日热巴尔通体感染存在,而临床无1例被确诊,反应出临床医师普遍缺乏对本病的认识,应予重视.     

A New Strategy for Efficient Screening and Identification of Monoclonal Antibodies against Oncogenic Avian Herpesvirus Utilizing CRISPR/Cas9-Based Gene-Editing Technology

Marek’s disease virus (MDV) is an important oncogenic α-herpesvirus that induces Marek’s disease (MD), characterized by severe immunosuppression and rapid-onset T-cell lymphomas in its natural chicken hosts. Historically, MD is regarded as an ideal biomedical model for studying virally induced cancers. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against viral or host antigenic epitopes are crucial for virology research, especially in the exploration of gene functions, clinical therapy, and the development of diagnostic reagents. Utilizing the CRISPR/Cas9-based gene-editing technology, we produced a pp38-deleted MDV-1 mutant—GX0101Δpp38—and used it for the rapid screening and identification of pp38-specific mAbs from a pool of MDV-specific antibodies from 34 hybridomas. The cross-staining of parental and mutated MDV plaques with hybridoma supernatants was first performed by immunofluorescence assay (IFA). Four monoclonal hybridomas—namely, 4F9, 31G7, 34F2, and 35G9—were demonstrated to secrete specific antibodies against MDV-1’s pp38 protein, which was further confirmed by IFA staining and confocal analysis. Further experiments using Western blotting, immunoprecipitation (IP), liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS), and immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis demonstrated that the pp38-specific mAb 31G7 has high specificity and wide application potential for further research in MD biology. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of the use of CRISPR/Cas9-based gene-editing technology for efficient screening and identification of mAbs against a specific viral protein, and provides a meaningful reference for the future production of antibodies against other viruses—especially for large DNA viruses such as herpesviruses.     

PCR和免疫荧光法诊断急性肺炎衣原体感染的研究

[目的 ]探讨聚合酶链式反应 (PCR)和免疫荧光法 (IF)联合应用诊断急性肺炎衣原体感染 ,寻找早期诊断的有效方法。[方法 ]采集咽拭子标本 ,用PCR法检测肺炎衣原体DNA ,采静脉血用IF法检测IgG和IgM抗体。[结果 ]在所有 76个病例中 ,PCR检测和血清抗体同为阳性 6例 ,只有PCR阳性的病例 3例 ,只有血清抗体为阳性的 1例。联合使用 2种方法 ,检出结果的阳性率比单独任何 1种方法高 (P <0 0 1)。[结论 ]联合应用PCR和免疫荧光法在诊断急性肺炎衣原体感染中较单独使用任何 1种检测方法具有快速、全面、敏感和特异的优点。     

IFA在酿酒污染野生酵母快速检测中的应用

用荧光抗体技术进行快速检测,方法简便、灵敏、快速。用三种混合血清可以检测出常见全部污染野生酵母。该技术在工厂中应用结果表明,酿酒种酵母中野生酵母污染现象是存在的,而且随着种酵母使用代数的增加而越趋严重。     

用Sephadex G200层析血清对4种弓形虫病免疫诊断方法的评价

弓形虫感染小鼠血清经Sephadex G 200柱层析后,各层析峰(紫外线OD_(280)吸收峰)用染色试验(DT)、乳胶凝集试验(LAT)、间接荧光抗体试验(IFA)和酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)分别检测总抗体、IgM和IgG抗体。结果显示,两类抗体分别存在于第Ⅰ峰和第Ⅱ峰,第Ⅲ峰无抗体活性。ELISA和IFA用于弓形虫病早期诊断(检测IgM)具有高度特异性和敏感性;LAT操作简便、经济快速、但敏感性稍差。IFA可取代DT用于常规个例诊断。     

精神病人莱姆病螺旋体感染情况分析

目的：探讨精神病人感染莱姆病螺旋体情况。方法：间接免疫荧光抗体试验（ＩＦＡ）。结果：精神病人血清抗体阳性率（５２／１３４，３８９％）明显高于健康人群（１／９０，１１％），且均排除梅毒和钩端螺旋体感染，并从精神病人中分离出１株病原体。结论：莱姆病感染后期可致精神异常