农村老年人抑郁状况评定及影响因素分析

目的 了解老人抑郁症状水平及其影响因素.方法 采用多阶段随机抽样方法,应用老年抑郁短量表( GDS-15)、Katz 日常生活活动量表(Katz-ADL)和Lawton 工具性日常生活活动量表(ADL)为评定工具,对济宁市≥65岁的504位老年人进行问卷调查.结果 男性老年人抑郁症状评分低于女性,分别为(2.24±2.12)分、(3.35±3.49)分(t’=4.236,P＜0.01);年龄、有无配偶、是否健身锻炼、睡眠质量、自评健康状况、生活状况、经济状况、孤独感觉不同的老年人抑郁症状评分差异显著;抑郁症状评分与孤独感觉、IADL、生活状况、经济状况、自评健康状况、年龄等因素密切相关;影响老年人抑郁症状评分的前5位因素为孤独、IADL、性别、自评健康状况、经济状况(F=27.47,P＜0.01,R2=0.372,R'2 =0.358),贡献率为35.8％.结论 孤独感觉、IADL、女性、自身健康状况、经济状况、单身是老年人抑郁症状的重要影响因素.提高老年人的工具性日常生活活动能力,有利于减少抑郁危险因素.     

Perceived difficulty in everyday technology use among older adults with or without cognitive deficits

This study's purpose was comparing perceived relevance of and difficulty in use of everyday technology such as remote controls, cell phones, and microwave ovens, in older adults with/without cognitive deficits. Three groups included 157 participants; 34 had mild-stage dementia, 30 had mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 93 lacked known cognitive impairments. Data were collected in structured interviews with the Everyday Technology Use Questionnaire (ETUQ). Analyses revealed that participants with no known cognitive deficits (Group 3) considered a higher proportion of technologies relevant to their life situation than participants with mild-stage dementia (Group 1) and those with MCI (Group 2). Furthermore, participants with no known cognitive deficits reported the lowest mean level of perceived difficulty in everyday technology use, followed by those with MCI and those with mild-stage dementia. All three groups differed significantly (p <0.01; p <0.001) in perceived difficulty using technology, indicating that measurement of perceived difficulty in everyday technology use may sensitively detect changes resulting from MCI/dementia. Findings indicate that perceived difficulty in using everyday technology increases in people with MCI and is accentuated in mild-stage dementia. This calls for increased attention to these issues when assessing functional ability in daily activities of older adults with possible MCI/dementia, and for further research.     

Construct Validity of the Functionally Simulated Technology Task: An Exploratory Study

ABSTRACT

This study explored the construct validity of the Functional Simulated Technology Task (FSTT), online bill-pay version. The FSTT was administered to matched groups: persons with cognitive impairment and persons with no known cognitive impairment, established through the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Results indicated significance for construct validity by discriminating between the two groups. Results also indicated a good to excellent positive relationship between scores on the MoCA and the FSTT score areas of Outcome, Quality, Process, and Independence. The findings support the use of the FSTT to measure executive function using a simulated online bill-pay task.     

老年人日常生活活动能力的评定

日常生活活动(Activites of DailyLiving,ADL)这一术语是由Katz氏等(1963)首先提出的。Davies氏(1985)提出,不论对老年人自己及其家庭,还是对可能需资助他们的邻里和社会服务机构来说,患病的诊断价值有限,除非是可以治愈的疾病,重要的是ADL。如何提高老年人日常生活的自理能力将成为老年     

The challenges of Bacillus of Calmette-Guerin (BCG) therapy for high risk non muscle invasive bladder cancer treatment in older patients

Objectives

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a tailored endovesical immunotherapy protocol with biweekly BCG for elderly Patients with high risk non muscle invasive bladder cancer (HG-NMIBC).

老年人生活活动能力评定及影响因素分析

目的:测评济宁市老年人基本日常生活活动和工具性日常生活活动能力,探讨影响老年人日常生活活动能力的因素。方法:采用多阶段随机抽样方法,应用Katz日常生活活动量表(Katz-ADL)和Lawton工具性日常生活活动量表(Lawton-IADL),对济宁市≥65岁的504位老年人进行问卷调查。结果:济宁市老年人ADL、IADL完全受损的频率男性分别为0.74%和7.78%,女性为0.86%、15.39%,存在性别差异(Wilcoxon W检验,p<0.001)。与ADL和IADL功能保持完好相比,老年人的年龄、生活状况的自我评价对ADL和IADL受损的影响有统计学意义(年龄OR值分别为3.202、3.074,生活状况自评OR值分别为:0.464、0.515)。结论:年龄、性别、对生活状况的自我评价是老年人日常生活活动能力的影响因素。家庭和社会应从健康生命质量的高度关爱老年人,鼓励和帮助老年人从事力所能及的活动和家务劳动,从而保持独立的日常生活活动能力。     

Trends and variation in mild disability and functional limitations among older adults in Norway, 1986�C2008

An increase in the number of older adults may raise the demand for health and care services, whereas decreasing prevalence of disability and functional limitations among them might counteract this demographic effect. However, the trends in health are inconsistent between studies and countries. In this article, we estimated the trends in mild disability and functional limitations among older Norwegians and analyzed whether they differ between socio-demographic groups. Data were obtained from repeated cross-sectional surveys conducted in 1987, 1991, 1995, 2002, 2005, and 2008, in total 4,036 non-institutionalized persons aged 67 years or older. We analyzed trends using multivariate logistic regression. On average, the age-adjusted trend in functional limitations was −3.3% per year, and in disability 3.4% per year. The risk for functional limitations or disability was elevated for women compared to men, for married compared to non-married, and was inversely associated with educational level The trends were significantly weaker with increasing age for disabilities, whereas none of the trends differed significantly between subgroups of sexes, educational level or marital status. Both functional limitations free and disability-free life expectancy appeared to have increased more than total life expectancy at age 67 during this period. The analysis suggests downward trends in the prevalence of mild disability and functional limitations among older Norwegians between 1987 and 2008 and a compression of lifetime in such health states. The reduced numbers of older people with disability and functional limitations may have restrained the demand for health and care services caused by the increase in the number of older adults.     

Association Between Executive Dysfunction and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living: Racial and Ethnic Differences Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults in the Southeastern US.

ObjectiveExamining cultural differences in assessment of cognitive/functional disability among older Americans is needed. This analysis examined associations between day-to-day function, measured by activities of daily living (ADL), and cognition, measured by CLOX scores, among older African American (AA) and non-Hispanic White (nHW) community-dwelling women and men. Methods: Design- Cross-sectional.SettingHomes of community-dwelling older adults. Participants- 893 Medicare beneficiaries >65 living in west-central Alabama, without diagnoses of dementia, who were participants in the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) Study of Aging, and who had complete data. Measurements- Physical function was assessed by self-reported ADL difficulty; cognitive function by CLOX, a clock drawing-task. Multivariable, linear regression models were used to examine associations within race/sex specific groups.ResultsAfter controlling for socio-demographic factors and comorbidities, CLOX1 scores were inversely and significantly correlated with ADL for AA men (β = ?0.205, P = 0.003). CLOX2 scores were similarly associated with ADL and IADL for the total group (β = ?0.118, P = 0.001, and β = ?0.180, P < 0.001, respectively); for ADL, significant associations were seen for AA men and nHW women (β = ?0.203, P = 0.004, and β = ?0.139, P = 0.02, respectively) and, for IADL, in AA women and men (β = ?0.156, P = 0.03, and β = ?0.24, P < 0.001, respectively).ConclusionWhile African American women reported the highest difficulty with ADLs and IADLs among all race/sex groups, CLOX1 scores were correlated with ADL for AA men only. CLOX1 may have limitations to identify functional disability for older AA women. [Word Count = 234].