经阴道子宫输卵管三维超声造影评价输卵管通畅性

目的 探讨经阴道子宫输卵管三维超声造影(3D HyCoSy)评价输卵管通畅性的可行性和准确性.方法 对22例不孕症患者进行3D HyCoSy检查,评价所获得的三维图像质量,并以1周内的子宫输卵管碘油造影(HSG)图像为对照,评估3D HyCoSy判断输卵管通畅性的情况.结果 22例患者3DHyCoSy的图像质量评分为(2.8±0.5)分.与HSG相比,其判断输卵管通畅的符合率为88.9%(24/27),判断输卵管阻塞的符合率为94.1%(16/17),总体符合率为90.9%(40/44).两种方法判断输卵管通畅性的能力相当(P值=0.000,k值=0.812).所有患者均未出现与造影剂相关的不良反应.结论 经阴道3D HyCoSy是一种全新的输卵管影像学检查方法,能安全、有效地显示输卵管形态,并准确判断其通畅性.

Abstract：

Objective To assess the feasibility and accuracy of the transvaginal three-dimensional hysterosalpingo-contrast sonography(3D HyCoSy) on the fallopian tube patency. Methods 3D HyCoSy was performed in twenty-two cases with infertility. Image quality of 3D HyCoSy was evaluated. The estimate of the fallopian tube patency in 3D HyCoSy were compared with those of hysterosalpinography(HSG) in one week. Results The mean score of image quality of 3D HyCoSy in twenty-two cases was 2. 8 + 0. 5. The accuracy of the unobstructed and obstructed fallopian tube were 88.9% (24/27) and 94.1% (16/17) respectively, and the total accuracy was 90. 9% (40/44) , which was equal to the results of HSG (P = 0. 000,k = 0. 812). No adverse reactions of SonoVue occurred in the cases. Conclusions Transvaginal 3D HyCoSy which is a new imaging technique can safely and effectively display the morphological character of fallopian tube and assess the patency.     

YLD-200输卵管通液诊疗仪的临床应用价值

目的:探讨YLD-200输卵管通液诊疗仪在子宫输卵管造影中的临床应用价值。方法:将312例因不孕症需行子宫输卵管造影检查且碘过敏试验阴性的患者随机分配为常规组(156例)和试验组(156例)。常规组由医生穿铅衣站在患者身旁推注造影剂进行造影,试验组由医生在工作室(无射线区)使用YLD-200输卵管通液诊疗仪代替人工推注造影剂进行造影,对两组造影的图像质量和在造影期间发生的并发症进行比较。结果:两组的图像质量差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.249 6,P>0.05);在造影期间发生的并发症,试验组明显低于常规组,两组间的差异具有统计学意义(χ2=11.356 8,P<0.05)。结论:使用YLD-200输卵管通液诊疗仪进行子宫输卵管造影,不仅安全可靠,而且避免了医生遭受X射线的辐射,值得临床推广使用。     

子宫输卵管碘油造影逆流：附5例报告

目的：探讨子宫输卵管碘油造影发生逆流的原因及防治措施。方法：回顾性分析380例子宫输卵管碘油造影中5例发生逆流的临床X线表现。结果：临床表现如下：（1）无自觉症状2例,（2）下腹盆部疼痛1例及（3）呼吸道症状如喷嚏、胸闷、气短、咳嗽、血痰等2例。依照碘油逆流进入不同组织,将逆流的表现分为三种;（1）子宫间质一淋巴逆流2例;（2）血管逆流2例;（3）淋巴和血管联合逆流1例。逆流的原因有：（1）器质性疾病;（2）先天性发育畸形;（3）医源性损伤。结论：逆流是子宫输卵管造影合并症之一,一旦发现逆流,应立即停止检查,并采取积极处理措施。     

核素输卵管显像诊断不孕症的价值

目的通过对31例不孕症妇女(60侧输卵管)行改进的核素输卵管造影(RNHS),评价该方法对判断不孕症妇女输卵管通畅程度的价值。资料与方法一次性导尿管直接插入宫腔,37MBq99mTcO4经导管注入后动态采集,同时缓慢加压注入生理盐水,然后行静态采集。其中10例(20侧输卵管)行X线子宫输卵管碘油造影进行对照。结果RNSH示输卵管通41例,阻塞19侧。以子宫输卵管碘油造影为诊断标准,RNHS灵敏度为85.7％,特异性为84.6％。结论RNHS有效,安全,无创,值得在临床推广应用。     

数字透视在不孕症诊治中的应用

目的探索数字透视在不孕症诊断和治疗中的应用价值。方法在数字透视下对499例不孕症患者做子宫输卵管造影,并用导丝对其中351例输卵管阻塞患者做输卵管再通术治疗。结果89.0%(444/499)的患者造影发现异常,其中输卵管阻塞297例,输卵管结核13例,子宫粘连39例,盆腔粘连87例,子宫发育异常8例。输卵管再通成功率87.7%,再通后受孕率35.7%。结论数字透视下子宫输卵管造影提高了疾病检出率和诊断准确率,减少了医患双方的X线辐射,水容性对比剂比碘油安全、准确,输卵管再通术可作为输卵管阻塞性疾病治疗的首选方法。     

Evaluation of tubal microinserts position using 3D ultrasound and pelvic X-ray

PurposeTo retrospectively compare three-dimensional ultrasonography (3D-US) and pelvic X-rays to assess the position of tubal sterilization microinserts.Material and methodsForty-four patients who underwent tubal sterilization with Essure^® microinserts in our institution were included. The microinserts’position was evaluated three months after the procedure using 3D-US and pelvic X-rays. Placement on 3D-US was binary categorized as correct or incorrect and the distance between the two devices was reported. The orientation and symmetric deployment of the microinserts and the distance between the proximal parts of the two devices was assessed on pelvic X-rays. Performance of 3D-US and pelvic X-ray were compared using Mac Nemar test. Comparison of the distance between the two devices measured on pelvic X-rays and 3D-US was made with the paired Student t test.Results3D-US images showed microinserts in 93% (41/44). Eighty-six percent (38/44) were correctly positioned on 3D-US and 82% (36/44) on pelvic X-rays. No significant differences between the performances of the two imaging techniques were found. No significant differences for the distance between the two devices measured on pelvic X-ray and 3D-US was found.Conclusion3D-US is a simple, non-ionizing technique, which appears as a promising alternate technique to pelvic X-rays to assess the correct position of Essure^® microinserts.     

The effect of oil and water-soluble contrast medium in hysterosalpingography on thyroid function

Hysterosalpingography (HSG) using iodinated contrast medium is X-ray diagnostic test that examines the inside of the uterus and fallopian tubes in infertile women. In this study, we compared thyroid function (thyroid stimulating hormone: TSH and free-T4: FT4 levels) after HSG with an oil-soluble contrast medium (OSCM) and a water-soluble contrast medium (WSCM). One hundred and sixty-four and 94 patients with normal thyroid function received HSG with OSCM and WSCM, respectively. Approximately 25% of the women in the OSCM group developed subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH), whereas only less than 10% of the patients in the WSCM group developed SCH. Our data clearly indicate that WSCM is safe for thyroid function in women who plan to get pregnant.     

不同碘对比剂在子宫输卵管造影术中的对比研究

目的探讨不同种类碘对比剂对子宫输卵管造影术(HSG)图像质量与不良反应的影响。 方法随机选取2003年5月至2011年11月因不孕至四川大学华西第二医院就诊的99例患者为研究对象,按照其于HSG中使用的不同碘对比剂,将其分为A组(n＝33,采用碘化油注射液)、B组(n＝33,采用碘帕醇注射液)和C组(n＝33,采用碘海醇注射液)。本研究遵循的程序符合四川大学华西第二医院人体试验委员会所制定的伦理学标准,得到该委员会批准,分组征得受试对象本人的知情同意,并与之签署临床研究知情同意书。记录3组患者HSG图像质量评分及不良反应。 结果①99例患者中,宫腔黏连患者为22例(22.2%),输卵管病变为53例(53.5%)。②A组HSG图像质量评分为(2.5±0.5)分,B组为(2.4±0.5)分,C组为(2.2±0.4)分,3组比较,差异有统计学意义(H＝6.680,P＝0.034)。③3组患者不良反应比较,差异有统计学意义(χ²＝7.155,P＝0.028)。 结论3种碘对比剂均可应用于HSG检查。对于非离子型碘对比剂,碘浓度越高,图像对比度越好,图像质量更佳。采用40%碘化油注射液所得HSG图像质量最好,但不良反应明显。     

320例子宫输卯管造影结果分析

目的：探讨子宫输卵管造影的x线摄片结果与相关症状及造影药物用量的关系。方法：回顾性分析自2008年1月至2012年7月间在山东省计划生育科学技术研究所女性室进行子宫输卵管造影的320例患者,采用泛影葡胺作造影剂,用x线计算机数字摄影系统（cR）行透视观察造影剂流经子宫输卵管情况并摄片。对X线摄片结果、造影剂用量、术中患者的腹痛症状、操作医生注入造影剂时感觉到的阻力情况及造影剂返流情况等相关数据进行统计学分析,利用SPSS17．0进行卡方检验和方差分析。结果：根据x线摄片结果,320例患者中双侧通畅者为176例,双侧梗阻者为56例,单侧通畅者为88例。三组间的腹痛情况、阻力、返流情况有所不同,其差异有统计学意义（x2=58．967,P〈0．05;x2=82．245,P〈0．05;22=58．294,P〈0．05）。双侧通畅组造影剂的平均用量为（9．970±3．369）ml,双侧梗阻组为（7．960±3．096）ml,单侧通畅组为（9．340±3．440）ml,各组间所用造影剂的量有差异（P〈0．05）。结论：根据患者自述的腹痛情况、操作医生的阻力感、造影剂的返流情况以及造影剂的用量,可以初步判断输卵管的通畅情况,与x线摄片结果密切结合可以协助明确诊断。