高血压家系802人的高血压患病率、知晓率、治疗和控制状况调查

目的了解高血压家系人群高血压患病率、治疗率和控制率特点。方法用整群随机抽样调查的方法调查高血压家系高血压的流行和控制情况，分析比较相关指标的差异。结果家系成员高血压患病率为55．86％，存在危险因素聚集现象。高血压的知晓率、治疗率、控制率分别为79．46％、62．72％、19．64％。结论该地区高血压家系高血压患病率较高，遗传因素是重要原因。虽高血压控制水平较高，但需加强高血压的一级预防。     

Adenoid hypertrophy presenting with systemic hypertension

A two and half year old male child was seen with systemic hypertension, left ventricular dysfunction, mitral regurgitation and congestive cardiac failure. Examination revealed adenoid hypertrophy. He was also suffering from obstructive sleep apnea. He was being treated with anti-hypertensive and anti-failure drugs. Adenoidectomy was performed following which obstructive sleep apnea symptoms disappeared and his cardiac status improved markedly. Subsequently he was weaned off anti-hypertensive and anti-failure therapy.     

Blood pressure lowering effect of the aqueous extract of the stem of Ipomoea acanthocarpa (convolvulaceae) in spontaneously and salt-loaded hypertensive rats

Spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) and salt-loaded hypertensive rats (SLHR) were submitted to a daily treatment by gavage of 2 mL/100 g body weight of the aqueous extract of the stem of Ipomoea acanthocarpa (30 mg/mL stock solution). A fall in blood pressure of nearly 13% was observed after two successive administrations of the aqueous extract. After 14 days of treatment, the blood pressure fell by more than 30±8%. The hypotensive effect might be due to a direct vascular smooth muscle effect or to its already observed high diuretic effects or might be acting by some other mechanism.     

700例高血压病临床分析

目的：通过对700例高血压病患者的临床分析，探讨高血压病的常见并发症及主要死亡原因。方法：对搜集诊治的700例高血压病患者的病例，从发病年龄、病程、并发症、死亡原因等方面进行回顾性分析。结果：30－59岁是高血压病的多发年龄；并发症以脑血管疾病和心血管疾病居多；死亡原因以脑梗塞、脑出血、心肌梗塞为多。结论：在高血压病的多发年龄之季，应采取有效的防治措施，以控制高血压及其并发症的发病率。减少死亡率。     

慢性肾血管性高血压大鼠脑细胞膜游离脂肪酸水平变化

采用SD大鼠慢性肾血管性高血压模型,气-液色谱法测定高血压组(n=8)、对照组(n=9)脑细胞膜游离脂肪酸(Free Fatty Acid,FFA)单组分水平。结果显示高血压组脑细胞膜FFA组份中C20:4、C22:6水平显著高于对照组(PO.05)。提示继发性高血压大鼠存在脑细胞膜FFA代谢障碍。     

江苏省城乡人群高血压现患率及主要影响因素的调查

１９９１年９月对江苏省城乡１２个抽样点１５岁以上的群５２５０２名进行了一次高血压调查，调查应答率为８７．４％。共检出确诊高血压３５１７例，确诊现患率７．７％，临界高血压３１８５例，两合计总患病率１４．７％血压水平城市超过过农村，男性超过女性，两随年龄而增长。     

可溶性血管内皮生长因子受体-1与妊娠高血压疾病的关系

目的探讨可溶性血管内皮生长因子受体1(sFlt1)与正常妊娠和妊娠高血压疾病的关系。方法23例妊娠高血压孕妇(妊娠期高血压7例、轻度子痫前期3例、重度子痫前期9例、子痫4例)为妊娠高血压疾病组,20例足月妊娠血压正常孕妇作为对照组。应用半定量逆转录聚合酶链反应(RTPCR)技术检测两组孕妇分娩后胎盘组织中sFlt1的表达强度。结果妊娠高血压疾病组sFlt1mRNA1.45±1.47,与对照组1.04±0.69比较,差异无显著性(P>0.05)。子痫组(2.99±2.47)明显高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论sFlt1是维持正常妊娠所必需的因子。它表达水平的高低与妊娠高血压的发病有关,在子痫患者中表达明显增高。     

超声心动图房室平面位移法对高血压病早期患者左室舒张功能的评价

目的:探讨超声心动图房室平面位移(AVPD)法评价高血压病早期患者(HT)左室舒张功能的可行性。方法:分别记录200例HT患者左房射血所致AVPD(AVPDa)值、AVPD与二尖瓣环4个位点上的AVPD均值(AVPDmean)比值,并与二尖瓣口E/A比值法(E/A分析法)进行对比。结果:200例HT患者AVPD法测值:AVPDmean值为(0·66±0·15)cm,AVPDa为(0·79±0·46)cm,E/A分析法:E/A最大峰值速度分别为(75·38±11·66)cm/s,(82·36±16·82)cm/s。根据AVPD方法诊断163例舒张功能异常,E/A分析法诊断171例舒张功能异常,二者之间差异无显著性意义(χ2=1·78,P>0·05)。结论:AVPD方法与E/A分析法有较好符合性,为一无创性评价HT患者左室舒张功能的新方法。     

新华社区部分高血压患者危险因素分析

目的 了解本社区高血压患者的危险因素现状，探讨干预对策。方法 采用分层整群抽样的方法，随机抽取社区4个里委2级、3级高血压患者402例作为研究对象，收集各项危险因素如性别、年龄、血脂、血糖、吸烟、饮食、体育锻炼、体重等，并进行统计分析。结果402例高血压患者1年内进行所有相关辅助检查者有14例，占3．48％；1年内进行相关辅助检查一项者306例，占76．12％。饮食控制及进行体育锻炼有300例，占74．43％；吸烟62例，占15．42％。结论 高血压患者对饮食控制及体育锻炼、吸烟有害的知晓率明显提高，而对相关辅助检查认识不足。     

脾切除贲门周围血管离断术后肝脏血流动力学和储备功能的变化

Objective To observe changes of hepatic hemodynamics and hepatic functional reserve after splenectomy and periesophagogastric devascularization. Methods From July 2006 to August 2007, thirty patients with portal hypertension caused by hepatitis B cirrhosis underwent splenectomy and periesophagogastric devascuiarization. The PVPG (portal venous pressure gradient) was measured by inductor continually during operation. The HAF (hepatic artery flow), PVF (portal venours flow) and hepatic arterial RI(resistant index) were measured with Doppler sonography. The EHBF(effective hepatic blood flow) and ICGR15 (indocyaninegreen retention rate at 15 minutes) were obtained respectively by indocyaninegreen clearance test before and after the operation. Results PVPG after laparotomy (19±4) mm Hg, ligating the splenic artery(14±4) mm Hg, splenectomy(14±3)mm Hg and periesophagogastric devascularization (12±4) mm Hg showed a tendency to decrease progressively. The PVF decreased [from (42±14) ml/s to (16±8) ml/s] and HAF increased in compensation after operation. The EHBF increased [from (0.48±0.10) L/min to (0.56±0.10) L/min], and the ICGR15 decreased (from 23%±8% to 18%±4%) postoperatively. Conclusion After splenectomy and periesophagogastric devascularization, the hepatic functional reserve improves at least in a short term notwithstanding the decrease of PVPG and PVF.