5334例住院患者HBsAg、抗-HCV、抗-HIV1/2和TP-Ab的检测结果分析

目的 检测5334例住院患者HBsAg、抗-HCV、抗-HIV1/2和TP-Ab并分析检测结果.方法 采用ELISA法检测5334例住院患者HBsAg、抗-HCV、抗-HIV1/2和TP-Ab阳性情况,并分析HBsAg、抗-HCV、抗-HIV1/2和TP-Ab检测阳性者性别和年龄分布.结果 5334例住院患者HBsAg阳性率最高(7.56％),抗-HIV1/2阳性率最低(0.52％);男性患者HBsAg、抗-HCV、TP-Ab检测阳性率与女性患者比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);男性患者抗-HIV1/2检测阳性率显著高于女性患者,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05);成年组患者HBsAg和抗-HCV阳性率均显著高于青少年组,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05);老年组患者HBsAg、抗-HCV和TP-Ab阳性率均显著高于青少年组,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05);老年组患者HBsAg、TP-Ab阳性率均显著高于成年组,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05);不同年龄组患者抗-HIV1/2阳性率比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 住院患者乙型肝炎感染率较高,艾滋病感染存在性别分布差异,乙肝、丙肝和梅毒感染在年龄分布上存在差异.     

人乳头瘤病毒重组蛋白疫苗酶联免疫检测法的建立及其应用

目的建立人乳头瘤病毒重组蛋白疫苗(HPV16 L2E6E7)酶联免疫的检测方法,用于疫苗发酵过程中的重组蛋白表达的监控。方法用常规方法制备兔抗HPV16 L2E6E7多克隆抗体作为包被抗体,商品化小鼠抗HPV16 E7单克隆抗体为检测抗体,夹心ELISA方法检测HPV16 L2E6E7抗原参考品,建立抗原标准曲线,确定线性范围及检测限,同时验证该方法的特异性。结果建立了检测HPV16 L2E6E7抗原含量的夹心ELISA方法,抗原参考品系列浓度在19.53~1 250 ng·m L-1内有很好的线性(R2>0.99)和回收率(90%~110%);特异性好,不受发酵液中宿主菌蛋白的干扰。结论建立了人乳头瘤病毒重组蛋白疫苗重组抗原含量的测定方法,为该疫苗的发酵工艺的质控提供了有效技术手段。     

棉酚与人血清白蛋白相互作用及其分子模拟研究

摘 要 目的： 探讨棉酚与人血清白蛋白(HSA)的相互作用。方法: 采用荧光光谱方法研究在生理条件下,棉酚与人血清白蛋白（HSA）的相互作用,并采用分子对接软件模拟棉酚与人血清白蛋相互作用。结果:棉酚与HSA的结合常数为2.390 6×10⁵ L·mol^-1 (293K) 和3.576 8×10³ L·mol^-1（303K）, 具有一个结合位点,结合反应的主要作用力为氢键和范德华力,结合位置更接近于人血清白蛋白的酪氨酸残基,分子模拟分析也证实此结果。结论: 棉酚对人血清白蛋白的荧光猝灭机制属于静态荧光猝灭。     

Zerumbone,Sesquiterpene Photochemical from Ginger,Inhibits Angiogenesis

Here, we investigated the role of zerumbone, a natural cyclic sesquiterpene of Zingiber zerumbet Smith, on angiogenesis using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Zerumbone inhibited HUVECs proliferation, migration and tubule formation, as well as angiogenic activity by rat aorta explants. In particular, zerumbone inhibited phosphorylation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 and fibroblast growth factor receptor-1, which are key regulators of endothelial cell function and angiogenesis. In vivo matrigel plug assay in mice demonstrated significant decrease in vascularization and hemoglobin content in the plugs from zerumbone-treated mice, compared with control mice. Overall, these results suggest that zerumbone inhibits various attributes of angiogenesis, which might contribute to its reported antitumor effects.     

Effect of melamine on [Ca2+]i and viability in PC3 human prostate cancer cells

Melamine is thought to be an endocrine disrupter that affects physiology in cells. This study examined the effect of melamine on cytosolic free Ca²⁺ concentrations ([Ca²⁺]_i) and viability in PC3 human prostate cancer cells. Melamine evoked [Ca²⁺]_i rises concentration-dependently. Melamine-evoked Ca²⁺ entry was inhibited by nifedipine, econazole, SKF96365, GF109203X and phorbol 12-myristate 13 acetate. In Ca²⁺-free medium, treatment with the endoplasmic reticulum Ca²⁺ pump inhibitor thapsigargin inhibited melamine-evoked [Ca²⁺]_i rise. Conversely, treatment with melamine abolished thapsigargin-evoked [Ca²⁺]_i rise. Inhibition of phospholipase C with U73122 did not alter melamine-evoked [Ca²⁺]_i rise. Melamine at 500–800 μM decreased cell viability, which was not reversed by pretreatment with the Ca²⁺ chelator 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N’,N’-tetraacetic acid-acetoxymethyl ester (BAPTA/AM). Collectively, our data suggest that in PC3 cells, melamine induced [Ca²⁺]_i rises by evoking phospholipase C-independent Ca²⁺ release from the endoplasmic reticulum, and Ca²⁺ entry via protein kinase C-regulated store-operated Ca²⁺ entry. Melamine also caused Ca²⁺-independent cell death.     

Anti-cancer effect of Cordyceps militaris in human colorectal carcinoma RKO cells via cell cycle arrest and mitochondrial apoptosis

Background

Cordyceps militaris has been used as a traditional medicine in Asian countries for a long time. Different types of Cordyceps extract were reported to have various pharmacological activities including an anti-cancer effect. We investigated the inhibitory effect of Cordyceps militaris ethanol extract on a human colorectal cancer-derived cell line, RKO.

Methods

RKO cells were treated with various concentrations of nucleosides-enriched ethanol extract of Cordyceps militaris for 48 h and cytotoxicity was measured using a CCK-8 assay. Then, xenograft Balb/c nude mice were injected with RKO cells and subsequently orally administered with ethanol extract of Cordyceps militaris every day for 3 weeks to examine the inhibitory effect on tumor growth. Lastly, the effect of Cordyceps militaris on cell cycle as well as apoptosis was measured using flow cytometry. Also, the expression of p53, caspase 9, cleaved caspase-3, cleaved PARP, Bim, Bax, Bak, and Bad were detected using western blot assay.

Results

RKO cells were highly susceptible to the ethanol extract of Cordyceps militaris (CME) and the growth of RKO cells-derived tumor was significantly delayed by the treatment of Cordyceps militaris. Cordyceps militaris induced cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase (untreated; 20.5 %, CME 100 μg/ml; 61.67 %, CME 300 μg/ml; 66.33 %) and increased early apoptosis (untreated; 1.01 %, CME 100 μg/ml; 8.48 %, CME 300 μg/ml; 18.07 %). The expression of p53, cleaved caspase 9, cleaved caspase-3, cleaved PARP, Bim, Bak, and Bad were upregulated by the treatment of Cordyceps militaris.

Conclusion

Ethanol extract of Cordyceps militaris was highly cytotoxic to human colorectal carcinoma RKO cells and inhibited the growth of tumor in xenograft model. The anti-tumor effect of Cordyceps militaris was associated with an induction of cell cycle arrest and mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis.     

Smart Drugs and Synthetic Androgens for Cognitive and Physical Enhancement: Revolving Doors of Cosmetic Neurology

Cognitive enhancement can be defined as the use of drugs and/or other means with the aim to improve the cognitive functions of healthy subjects in particular memory, attention, creativity and intelligence in the absence of any medical indication. Currently, it represents one of the most debated topics in the neuroscience community. Human beings always wanted to use substances to improve their cognitive functions, from the use of hallucinogens in ancient civilizations in an attempt to allow them to better communicate with their gods, to the widespread use of caffeine under various forms (energy drinks, tablets, etc.), to the more recent development of drugs such as stimulants and glutamate activators. In the last ten years, increasing attention has been given to the use of cognitive enhancers, but up to now there is still only a limited amount of information concerning the use, effect and functioning of cognitive enhancement in daily life on healthy subjects. The first aim of this paper was to review current trends in the misuse of smart drugs (also known as Nootropics) presently available on the market focusing in detail on methylphenidate, trying to evaluate the potential risk in healthy individuals, especially teenagers and young adults. Moreover, the authors have explored the issue of cognitive enhancement compared to the use of Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) in sports. Finally, a brief overview of the ethical considerations surrounding human enhancement has been examined.     

A Critical Review of Alcohol Administration Guidelines in Laboratory Medication Screening Research: Is It Time to Include Treatment Seekers?

Human laboratory studies play an important role in alcohol use disorder (AUD) medication development. Medications that are found to be safe and effective during human laboratory screening will then move to more expensive clinical trials in patient populations. Given the gatekeeping role of human laboratory studies in the medication development pipeline, it is critical that these studies accurately forecast how pharmacotherapies will perform under true-to-life clinical conditions. On the other hand, the design of these studies also must adhere to ethical guidelines: certain aspects of clinical reality cannot be incorporated into screening studies because doing so might place the participant at risk for harm or breach other ethical guidelines. Conventions exist that guide the resolution of these conflicting ideals. This article considers the practice of recruiting non–treatment-seeking heavy drinkers to participate in laboratory screening studies. By convention, volunteers are excluded from laboratory screening studies that involve alcohol administration if they are deemed “treatment seeking,” meaning that they recently stopped drinking or are motivated to do so. Although this common practice may reduce risk to participants, findings may not accurately predict medication effects on treatment seekers. Indeed, there is empirical evidence that treatment seekers differ from nontreatment seekers in their responses to medications (Neuropsychopharmacology 2017a; 42: 1776; Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2017b; 43: 703; J Psychiatr Res 2006; 40: 383). Here, we argue for the importance of recruiting treatment seekers for this research due to their qualitative difference from nontreatment seekers. We argue that these individuals should be the default population in human laboratory medication screening studies. We conclude by discussing 2 case examples of medication experiments led by our research groups that involved administering medications to treatment seekers.     

Papillomavirus humain et lupus érythémateux systémique

Infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the most widespread sexually transmitted diseases and the main risk factor for cervical cancer. Underlying conditions, like immunosuppression, favour the persistence and the progression of cervical lesions to an aggressive form. Patients with autoimmune diseases, and particularly systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), may be prone to HPV infection and cervical dysplasia. However, the risk factors for developing persistent HPV-related infection, dysplasia and cancer are not identified for patients with SLE. The existence of an increased risk of cervical cancer compared to the general population remains debated. Thus, HPV vaccine is recommended for SLE patients as well as for the general population. Vaccine coverage of SLE patients is not known in France. Adolescents with chronic health condition seem to be insufficiently vaccinated regarding their vulnerability to infectious diseases. Strategies are required to decrease HPV vaccination barriers.