流化床包衣法制备银耳多糖肠溶微粒

目的 考察并优化流化床包衣法制备银耳多糖肠溶微粒(ETPP)工艺条件.方法 以Eudragit L30-D55水分散体为包衣材料,柠檬酸三乙酯为增塑剂,滑石粉为抗黏剂,同时考察包衣后微粒的累计释放度,制备直径小于190 μm肠溶微粒.结果 载药量为40.62％,包封率为79.29％,酸中累计释放度小于10％,碱液中累计释放度大于75％,制备的微粒其平均粒径在115～190um之间,圆整度、堆密度、总收率均较理想.结论 应用流化床包衣法制备ETPP,其工艺简便,稳定可行,适合小鼠药物药理学和毒理学研究的需要和大工业生产.     

小麦纤维素颗粒联合常乐康治疗小儿功能性便秘的临床观察

目的探讨小麦纤维素颗粒与常乐康协同治疗小儿功能性便秘（FC）的效果。方法将80例患儿随机分为两组,治疗组对照组各40例,两组均给予基础治疗,饮食调节和训练排便方法,适量运动。对照组予常乐康口服,治疗组予小麦纤维素颗粒和常乐康口服,服药两周后停药2周。结果治疗组和对照组患儿在治疗2周后总有效率分别为90.0%和67.5%,停药2周后复发率为5.6%和40.7%,两组相比差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论常乐康联合小麦纤维素颗粒治疗小儿功能性便秘安全、疗效满意。     

复方一枝蒿颗粒剂的体外抗菌作用

目的检测复方一枝蒿颗粒剂的体外抗菌作用。方法采用MH(Mueller-Hamilton)肉汤和MH营养琼脂平板倍比稀释培养法。结果复方一枝蒿颗粒剂对金黄色葡萄球菌的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)为1∶16,最小杀菌浓度(MBC)为1∶8;肺炎链球菌的MIC为1∶16,MBC为1∶8;乙型溶血性链球菌的MIC为1∶8,MBC为1∶4;大肠埃希菌的MIC≤1∶2MBC≤1∶2。结论复方一枝蒿颗粒剂对金黄色葡萄球菌、乙型溶血性链球菌和肺炎链球菌有明显抑制作用。     

百蕊颗粒辅助治疗小儿急性上呼吸道感染临床观察

摘 要 目的： 观察百蕊颗粒辅助治疗小儿急性上呼吸道感染的临床疗效。方法: 180例急性上呼吸道感染患儿随机分为对照组和观察组各90例。在常规治疗基础上,对照组予利巴韦林10 mg·kg^-1·d^-1,qd,观察组在对照组基础上再加用百蕊颗粒。比较两组临床疗效,主要临床症状体征改善时间、住院时间及药品不良反应。结果:除啰音消失时间外,观察组临床症状体征改善时间及住院时间均较对照组明显缩短（P<0.05）;观察组显效率、总有效率均明显高于对照组（P<0.05）。两组药品不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论: 百蕊颗粒辅助治疗小儿急性上呼吸道感染能显著改善患儿症状体征,疗效显著,值得临床推广。     

地衣芽孢杆菌活菌颗粒杂菌检查方法验证

目的 建立地衣芽孢杆菌活菌颗粒杂菌检查方法。方法 控制菌检查采用平皿涂布法;非致病性杂菌检查以杂菌率不得过0.1%为限度指标,采用营养琼脂平皿涂布法37 ℃培养;真菌计数采用玫瑰红钠琼脂平皿涂布法25 ℃培养。结果 控制菌检查、非致病性杂菌检查和真菌计数方法均满足中国药典2010年版验证试验的基本要求。结论 该方法可作为地衣芽孢杆菌活菌颗粒杂菌检查方法。     

An evaluation of RVX-208 for the treatment of atherosclerosis

Introduction: RVX-208 is a first-in-class, orally active, novel small molecule in development by Resverlogix Corporation (Calgary, AB, Canada). It acts through an epigenetic mechanism by inhibiting the bromodomain and extraterminal (BET) family of proteins, increasing apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) and targeting high-density lipoprotein (HDL) metabolism, including generating of nascent HDL and increased larger HDL particles, resulting in the stimulation of reverse cholesterol transport. RVX-208 also has a beneficial effect on inflammatory factors known to be involved in atherosclerosis and plaque stability. New therapeutic strategies are needed for patients with atherosclerosis.

Areas covered: In this review, the authors evaluate the use of RVX-208 as an agent for the treatment of atherosclerosis. The article is based on a literature search considering both animal and human studies available on PubMed as well as Media Releases from the Resverlogix Corporation.

Expert opinion: The current evidence suggests promising beneficial effects of this novel drug in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis and other metabolic disorders. Its unique mechanism of action is encouraging; it affects several pathways and has a modest effect on HDL levels. There is also a shift in particle size to larger HDL particles, which may have potent atheroprotective effects. Future clinical development is needed, including safety assessment.     

Immunogenicity and performance of an enterovirus 71 virus-like-particle vaccine in nonhuman primates

A vaccine against human enterovirus 71 (EV-A71) is urgently needed to combat outbreaks of EV-A71 and in particular, the serious neurological complications that manifest during these outbreaks. In this study, an EV-A71 virus-like-particle (VLP) based on a B5 subgenogroup (EV-A71-B5 VLP) was generated using an insect cell/baculovirus platform. Biochemical analysis demonstrated that the purified VLP had a highly native procapsid structure and initial studies in vivo demonstrated that the VLPs were immunogenic in mice. The impact of VLP immunization on infection was examined in non-human primates using a VLP prime-boost strategy prior to EV-A71 challenge. Rhesus macaques were immunized on day 0 and day 21 with VLPs (100 μg/dose) containing adjuvant or with adjuvant alone (controls), and were challenged with EV-A71 on day 42. Complete blood counts, serum chemistry, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, and histopathology results were mostly normal in vaccinated and control animals after virus challenge demonstrating that the fatal EV-A71-B3 clinical isolate used in this study was not highly virulent in rhesus macaques. Viral genome and/or infectious virus were detected in blood, spleen or brain of two of three control animals, but not in any specimens from the vaccinated animals, indicating that VLP immunization prevented systemic spread of EV-A71 in rhesus macaques. High levels of IgM and IgG were detected in VLP-vaccinated animals and these responses were highly specific for EV-A71 particles and capsid proteins. Serum from vaccinated animals also exhibited similar neutralizing activity against different subgenogroups of EV-A71 demonstrating that the VLPs induced cross-neutralizing antibodies. In conclusion, our EV-A71-B5 VLP is safe, highly immunogenic, and prevents systemic EV-A71-B3 infection in nonhuman primates making it a viable attractive vaccine candidate for EV-A71.     

在非水介质中用表面引发接枝聚合法制备接枝微粒PHEMA-SiO2及其对槲皮素的氢键吸附性能

首先,将偶联剂γ-巯丙基三甲氧基硅烷(MPMS)上的巯基(-SH)键合在微米级硅胶(SiO₂)微粒表面,得到了改性微粒MPMS-SiO₂。在非水溶剂N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)中,使溶液中的过氧化苯甲酰(BPO)与改性微粒MPMS-SiO₂表面的巯基构成表面引发体系(-SH/BPO),于非水介质中在硅胶微粒表面实现了甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯(HEMA)的接枝聚合,成功制备出接枝微粒PHEMA-SiO₂,接枝度高达28 g/100 g。采用红外光谱(FT-IR)、热重分析(TG)及扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等手段对PHEMA-SiO₂进行了表征,研究了主要因素对HEMA表面引发接枝聚合的影响规律。在此基础上探索研究了PHEMA-SiO₂对槲皮素(Quercetin)的氢键吸附作用。研究结果表明:-SH/BPO引发体系可以顺利地引发HEMA在非水介质中的接枝聚合,适宜的温度为65℃,适宜的BPO用量为单体质量的1.0%。PHEMA-SiO₂与槲皮素分子之间会产生多位点普通氢键与π型氢键两种氢键相互作用,使PHEMA-SiO₂对槲皮素具有强吸附能力。溶剂分子对槲皮素的竞争吸附以及温度的升高均可使槲皮素在极性溶剂或质子性溶剂中吸附容量下降。     

重组成骨蛋白-1在钛合金微粒环境下对MC3T3-E1成骨细胞增殖、分化、矿化的影响

目的在钛-6铝-4钒(Ti-6Al-4V)合金微粒环境下观察重组成骨蛋白-1(recombinant OP-1,r OP-1)对成骨细胞的影响,为防治关节假体无菌性松动提供新的治疗途径。方法根据小鼠颅顶骨前成骨细胞亚克隆14(MC3T3-E1)中是否加入Ti-6Al-4V微粒和r OP-1,分为微粒组(5、10、15μg/m L Ti-6Al-4V)、处理组(微粒组加入200 ng/m L r OP-1)、阳性组(加入200ng/m L r OP-1)和对照组,检测各组24、72、120 h MC3T3-E1细胞增殖能力、72 h碱性磷酸酶(akaline phosphatase,AKP)、骨钙素(osteocalcin,OCN)和骨桥蛋白(osteopontin,OPN)mRNA的表达,及120 h成骨细胞的矿化能力。结果 1r OP-1无促进Ti-6Al-4V微粒环境下成骨细胞增殖能力,与微粒组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);2r OP-1可提高成骨细胞分化,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);同时逆转Ti-6Al-4V微粒抑制成骨细胞分化,与微粒组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);3茜素红S染色后Ti-6Al-4V微粒钙结节数量随着浓度增加逐渐降低,和微粒组比较,加入r OP-1后钙结节数量呈增多趋势。结论 Ti-6Al-4V微粒环境下,r OP-1无提高成骨细胞增殖能力,能提高细胞分化矿化能力,r OP-1可以作为潜在治疗关节假体无菌性松动一种方法。     

槐耳颗粒联合AP方案治疗乳腺癌的临床研究

目的探讨槐耳颗粒联合AP方案(培美曲塞和顺铂)治疗乳腺癌的临床疗效。方法选取2017年6月—2018年12月在天津市职业病防治院治疗的100例乳腺癌患者为研究对象,将所有患者随机分为对照组和治疗组,每组各50例。对照组患者给予AP化疗方案,即第1天静脉滴注注射用培美曲塞二钠,500 mg/m~2,第1～3天静脉滴注注射用顺铂75 mg/m~2;治疗组患者在对照组的基础上口服槐耳颗粒,1袋/次,3次/d。2周为1个疗程,两组治疗3个疗程。观察两组的临床疗效,比较两组的生存质量测定量表简表(QOL-BREF)评分、血清肿瘤标志物水平。结果治疗后,对照组和治疗组客观缓解率(ORR)分别为52.00%、58.00%;治疗组疾病控制率(CBR)分别为74.00%、78.00%;两组患者ORR和CBR比较无显著差异。治疗后,两组患者QOL-BREF评分显著升高,同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);且治疗组患者QOL-BREF评分明显高于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组患者CEA、CA125、CA153和VEGF水平均显著降低,同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);且治疗组患者血清肿瘤标志物水平明显低于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,对照组和治疗组恶心、呕吐发生率分别为20.00%、10.00%,白细胞减少发生率分别为22.00%、12.00%,中性粒细胞减少发生率分别为18.00%、8.00%,转氨酶升高发生率分别为24.00%、10.00%,两组不良反应发生率比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论槐耳颗粒联合AP方案治疗乳腺癌具有较好的临床疗效,能降低肿瘤标志物水平,提高生活质量,安全性较高,具有一定的临床推广应用价值。