开放性氩氦靶向冷冻治疗脑胶质瘤

目的 探索氩氮靶向冷冻治疗系统(氩氮刀)在脑胶质瘤治疗中的应用价值。方法 开颅后，根据MRI及CT设计冷冻范围，应用氩氮刀冷冻-复温-冷冻后切除胶质瘤，并取冷冻前后标本送病理检查。结果 8例Ⅱ～Ⅳ级胶质瘤患者肿瘤均达到全切，术中出血少，术后短期未见副作用及神经功能缺失。冷冻前后病理切片对比：与冷冻前对比，冷冻后标本在普通显微镜下见有明显出血灶；透射电镜下可见几乎所有细胞核膜肿胀，核形状不规则，染色质凝结为粗颗粒状，明显边聚，线粒体明显肿胀，部分破裂崩解。结论氩氮靶向冷冻治疗系统治疗脑胶质瘤具有能直接摧毁肿胀细胞、手术安全、出血少、全切率高的优点。     

肺胚母细胞瘤6例免疫组化及病理分析

目的探讨肺胚母细胞瘤的临床病理特点及组织发生。方法对6例肺胚母细胞瘤进行光学显微镜检查及免疫组化、单克隆抗体分析。结果镜下示6例均以间叶细胞和上皮细胞为主,核分裂像较多,免疫组化示CK(+)、EMA(+)、鼠抗波形纤维蛋白单克隆抗体(+)。结论6例均为发生于肺中胚层细胞的恶性肿瘤,其病理特征均为双向性肉瘤样癌。应用免疫组化和单克隆抗体为6例疑难疾病的诊断提供了可靠的依据。随访病人均生存1年以上。     

Immunoglobulin G4-positive staining of orbital lesions in thyroid eye disease: Report of two cases

We report two cases with immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-positive staining of orbital lesions and thyroid eye disease (TED). Case 1 was a 63-year-old male with right upper eyelid swelling due to right lacrimal gland enlargement. Case 2 was a 49-year-old male with bilateral proptosis due to multiple orbital masses. Both the biopsied right lacrimal gland in Case 1 and the orbital masses on both sides in Case 2 showed infiltration of immunoglobulin-G4-positive plasma cells.     

Histopathological evaluation of duodenal biopsy in the PreventCD project. An observational interobserver agreement study

Aim of the current study was to evaluate the inter‐observer agreement between pathologists in the diagnosis of celiac disease (CD), in the qualified context of a multicenter study. Biopsies from the “PreventCD” study, a multinational‐ prospective‐ randomized study in children with at least one‐first‐degree relative with CD and positive for HLA‐DQ2/HLA‐DQ8. Ninety‐eight biopsies were evaluated. Considering diagnostic samples with villous atrophy (VA), the agreement was satisfactory (κ = 0.84), but much less when assessing the severity of these lesions. The use of the recently proposed Corazza‐Villanacci classification showed a moderately higher level of agreement (κ = 0.39) than using the Marsh‐Oberhuber system (κ = 0.31). 57.1% of cases were considered correctly oriented. A number of >4 samples per patient was statistically associated to a better agreement; orientation did not impact on κ values. Agreement results in this study appear more satisfactory than in previous papers and this is justified by the involvement of centers with experience in CD diagnosis and by the well‐controlled setting. Despite this, the reproducibility was far from optimal with a poor agreement in grading the severity of VA. Our results stress the need of a minimum of four samples to be assessed by the pathologist.     

Evaluation of safety and efficacy of Maa-Lact in lactating Holtzman rats

ObjectiveTo evaluate the safety & efficacy of Maa-Lact granules for its galactogougue activity in Holtzman rats and its effect on suckling pups.MethodsGroup I rats were treated as control, group II and III rats were treated with 500 mg/kg, 1 000 mg/kg of Maa-Lact granules for 21 days. Weekly body weights of dams and pups were collected, litter survivability for 22 days and ocular blood samples were collected on 1^st day of parturition and 21^st day of post parturition for the estimation of prolactin levels. On 21^st day blood samples were collected from retro-orbital sinus for haemotological and biochemical estimations. On the same day of weaning rats were sacrificed and subjected to necropsy and individual organ weights were recorded.ResultsNo significant difference in weekly food weight consumption, body weights between control & treated groups with normal clinical signs. There is no mortaly in dams throught the study period with no significant difference in pups weights. The percentage mortality in pups was 14.43 %, 14.07 %, and 13.42% in group I, group II and group III, respectively. The histopathological finding has shown that treated groups have less convulution and adipose tissue deposition along with increase in length and branching of lactiferous duct and alveolar size.ConclusionBased on above results, it can be concluded that Maa-Lact posseses significant galctogogue activity.     

Bendiocarb induced histopathological and biochemical alterations in rat liver and preventive role of vitamins C and E

In this study, biochemical changes and histological structure of rat liver after bendiocarb administration and possible preventive effects of vitamins C and E were studied. The animals were given with bendiocarb, vitamin C and vitamin E, daily 0,8 mg/kg of body weight (bw), 100 mg/kg-bw and 100 mg/kg-bw for 28 days, respectively. Lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzyme activities, histological alterations and antioxidant capacity assays of liver and also liver function tests and lipid profile were measured. Bendiocarb treatment decreased the antioxidant enzyme activities, FRAP and TEAC values and increased malondialdehyde levels compared to control. Also, there were statistically significant alterations in liver function tests, lipid profile parameters and histopathological changes in bendiocarb treated groups. Vitamins C and E showed protective effects against examining parameters. According to results we can say that co-treatment of vitamin C and vitamin E may be more effective than use of them alone.     

Investigating infectious diseases at autopsy

Autopsy has a central role in diagnosing severe infectious diseases of all types: virus, prions, bacteria, mycobacteria, fungi, protozoa and helminths. The majority can be identified using histopathology – with special stains and immunohistochemistry - which is an essential part of the autopsy. In addition, cytology, microbiology culture and molecular diagnostics, serology and urine antigen testing are important adjuncts. This review encompasses a general overview of infectious autopsies, recommends working practices, and highlights the scenarios of HIV, post-transplantation and post-vaccine deaths, and rabies.     

Schwannoma de párpado,a propósito de un caso

The case is presented of a 57 year-old man with a one-year history of enlargement of the left upper eyelid. An excisional biopsy was performed, and the histological and immunohistochemical study confirmed the diagnosis of schwannoma. Schwannomas are benign peripheral nerve sheath tumours, derived from a Schwann cells proliferation. Eyelid involvement is extremely uncommon. To make the diagnosis, a detailed histopathological and immunohistochemical study is essential. This case suggests that schwannomas should be included within the differential diagnosis of any solid eyelid lesion.