透明晶体超声乳化摘除和低或负度数折叠人工晶体植入治疗高度近视

目的:探讨透明晶体超声乳化吸出并植入后房型折叠人工晶体矫正高度近视的安全性和有效性.方法:对32例(50眼)均采用表麻下经透明角膜切口行透明晶体超声乳化吸出并植入后房型折叠人工晶体.眼轴长平均29.64mm.比较手术前后最佳矫正视力(BCVA),散光度及角膜内皮计数,随访观察手术并发症情况.并对术前BCVA低于0.3的37只患眼应用扫描激光检眼镜(SLO)的微视力软件,检查微视力,评估术后潜在视力.周边视网膜格子样变性7只眼,均行氩激光周边变性区光凝.结果:术后随访平均24月.BCVA由术前0.20±0.19,术后提高到0.61±0.24,其中≥0.5的由术前4只眼(8％)增加到34只眼(68％)。手术前后平均散光度比较,经t检验无显著性差异(P>0.1).手术后无1例发生视网膜脱离,有5只眼发生后发障,均行YAG激光治疗.角膜内皮计数术后平均损失207个/mm2±96个/mm2.且SLO作为术后潜在视力预测手段拥有很高的准确度(94.6％).结论:透明晶体超声乳化摘除加后房型折叠人工晶体植入矫正高度近视是少数屈光矫正有效方法之一,可获得较好的术后BCVA.但是熟练掌握超声乳化手术操作及采取术前积极的预防性治疗是开展此项技术的根本和关键,且需进行长期的临床随访.     

Do skin prick and conjunctival provocation tests predict symptom severity in seasonal allergic rhinoconjunctivitis?

BACKGROUND: In the investigation of seasonal allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (SAR), quantitative skin and conjunctival allergen challenge tests are used to measure individual allergen sensitivity. These tests are reproducible and relate well to prevalence but their relationship to symptom severity is less well established. OBJECTIVE: We wished to determine if quantitative skin prick tests (QSPT) and conjunctival provocation tests (CPTs) using a single grass pollen allergen extract are reproducible and predict symptom severity in SAR. METHODS: We retrospectively analysed data from 91 participants in a previously published randomized placebo controlled study of low dosage allergen immunotherapy who were randomized to receive placebo treatment. We examined the relationship between pre-seasonal QSPT, CPT and SAR symptoms. RESULTS: We found a high level of reproducibility when repeated measures were compared for both the QSPT (P < 0.001) and the CPT (P < 0.001) and moderate correlation (0.49) between the standard skin prick test (SPT) and the QSPT (P < 0.001). We found weak negative correlation (-0.27) between the QSPT and the CPT (P < 0.001). We found no correlation between seasonal symptom, use of rescue medication or quality of life (QOL) scores and pre-seasonal QSPT or CPT. Conclusion In the assessment of seasonal rhinoconjunctivitis, quantitative skin and conjunctival allergen challenge tests are strongly reproducible, although there is no correlation between these tests and seasonal symptom, use of rescue medication or QOL scores.     

江汉平原鼠间流行性出血热感染研究

为了解湖北省江汉平原流行性出血热（ＥＨＦ）疫区鼠间感染状况，采用挖洞法捕鼠，鉴定鼠种、性别和年龄，检查有无皮肤破伤，检测ＥＨＦＶ抗原抗体。结果，黑线姬鼠和褐家鼠占所捕鼠的６９．７％和２３．６％，其ＥＨＦＶ感染率分别为２１．８％和３０．９％。鼠间ＥＨＦＶ感染，成年鼠显著高于亚成年鼠和幼年鼠，感染率分别为４０．８％、１７．０％和１２．４％；皮肤破伤鼠感染率４５．９％，显著高于非皮肤破伤鼠的１３．９％。感染鼠以窝为单位具有明显的窝聚集性，而感染鼠窝在地理空间上则随机分布。感染鼠血清分型，黑线姬鼠以野鼠型为主，少数为未定型；褐家鼠以家鼠型为主，亦有少数未定型。这表明，江汉平原ＥＨＦ疫区是以黑线姬鼠和褐家鼠为主要宿主动物的家野混合型疫区；年龄、皮肤破伤和密切接触是该疫区鼠间ＥＨＦＶ传播的重要因素。     

Effects of Right Ventricular Failure on Renal Function During Pneumatic Left Ventricular Assist

Abstract: In an experimental dog model of acute biventricular failure, the effects of left ventricular (LV) assist on renal hemodynamics and function were evaluated. After the induction of severe cardiac failure by multiple ligation of the coronary arteries, LV assist with a 40 ml pneumatic pulsatile pump was initiated, and the aortic flow was maintained at control values. The right atrial pressure (RAP) rose to 21.3 mm Hg with the appearance of profound right ventricular (RV) failure. Renal arterial blood flow (RAF) decreased to about 60% of the control value after 2 h of LV assist. The urine volume decreased and renal function deteriorated progressively. RV assist decreased the RAP to 4.8 mm Hg, and the reduced RAF recovered. After 3 h of RV assist, the RAF returned to initial values and the urine volume increased, but renal function did not recover. Advanced biventricular failure with elevated RAP during LV assist reduced renal perfusion and impaired renal function and may be an indication for early RV assist     

流行性出血热病毒特异性转移因子的研究

对流行性出血热病毒(EHFV)特异性转移因子(EHFV-TF)的制备、特性及在小鼠体内的活性作用进行了研究。其理化性状与普通 TF 非常相似,能激活淋巴细胞的 E 受体(激活率为65.54%),明显提高 Et-RFC 的形成率。E-HFV-TF 还具有特异性抗原依赖活性:①促进 BALB/C 小鼠和 NIH 裸鼠特异性抗体的产生;②促进 LACA 小鼠脾细胞对 EHFV 反应的特异性应答;③促进脾细胞在 EHVF 存在时对 PHA 诱导下的增殖反应(促时率为151.3%)。EHFV—TF可推迟动物感染 HEFV 后的发病期,延长病程和推迟死亡时间;减轻发病动物脑肺充血、出血、水肿现象和肝肾病理损害程度。结果表明 EHFV-TF 不仅具有提高细胞免疫的非特异活性,而且具有对 EHFV 抗原的依赖活性。本研究提示,E-HFV-TF 可用于 EHFV 感染病人的治疗。     

High resolution nuclear magnetic resonance imaging of the spinal cord in experimental demyelinating disease

Summary Chronic recurrent experimental allergic encephalomyelitis was induced in a strain 13 guinea pig by inoculation of isologous spinal cord homogenate. The spinal cord was obtained after perfusion with 4% paraformaldehyde and examined with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging. Proton NMR spin echo images (repetition time: 3 s; echo times: 20 and 60 ms) were obtained from intact, isolated spinal cord in a 4.7 Tesla, 50 mm bore magnet. The slice thickness of the images was 380 m and the inplane resolution was 40×40 m. The images showed superficial areas of low signal intensity in the lateroventral regions of the white matter, in some instances with a seam of higher signal intensity. Neuropathologically, these abnormalities corresponded exactly to areas of demyelination. Control images did not show these abnormalities. The present high resolution imaging allowed a correlation between demyelination and abnormal NMR signals in a small laboratory animal with an inflammatory demyelinating disease.Supported by the Belgian Foundation of Medical Scientific Research (FGWO, grant 3.0096.86 and grant 3.0019.86), by the Institute for the promotion of Scientific Research in Industry and Agriculture (IWONL) and by the Scientic Research Planning Office of the Belgian Government (DPWB), contract no. 87/92-120     

脂质比值与代谢综合征的关联及预测价值评价：基于多阶段横断面研究

背景 随着代谢性疾病发病率的上升,代谢综合征(MS)的预防与控制引起广泛的关注。而脂质比值是重要的筛查指标之一,与MS之间的关系成为热点研究话题。目的 基于贵州省多阶段横断面研究人群分析三酰甘油/高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(TG/HDL-C)、总胆固醇/HDL-C(TC/HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇/HDL-C(LDL-C/HDL-C)及非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(non-HDL-C)与MS发病风险的关联及预测价值评价。方法 回顾性选取贵州省参与2010年全国疾病监测地区慢性病及危险因素调查、2013年中国慢性病及其危险因素监测、2015年中国成人慢性病与营养监测和2018年中国成人慢性病与营养监测的21 727例自然人群为研究对象,收集研究对象的基线资料,根据是否患有MS将研究对象分为MS组(n=4 981)和非MS组(n=16 746)。绘制受试者工作特征曲线(ROC曲线)分别评价男性和女性TG/HDL-C、TC/HDL-C、LDL-C/HDL-C和non-HDL-C对MS的预测价值。通过Delong检验比较脂质比值预测MS发生的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)的差异。采用多因素Logistic回...     

黑龙江省2019—2021年肾综合征出血热患者血清标本抗体检测

目的 检测黑龙江省2019—2021年肾综合征出血热(hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, HFRS)疑似患者血清标本中的汉坦病毒急性期和恢复期抗体水平,为该疾病防控提供科学依据。方法 应用酶联免疫吸附法对采集到的肾综合征出血热疑似患者急性期血清样本进行汉坦病毒IgM抗体检测,对恢复期血清标本进行IgM单抗体、IgG单抗体检测,使用SPSS 19.0软件对各年份间患者急性期血样IgM抗体阳性率进行χ²检验分析,使用EpiData 3.1和Excel2003软件对患者性别、职业、年龄、发病日期及初诊间隔时间数据进行整理分析。结果 共检测肾综合征出血热疑似患者急性期血清351份,恢复期血清208份。急性期血清标本IgM抗体阳性317份,阳性率为90.31%,各年份之间患者急性期IgM抗体阳性率差异无统计学意义(χ²=0.895,P=0.639)。患者恢复期血清IgM单抗体阳性32份(15.39%);血清IgG单抗体阳性28份(13.46%);IgM、IgG抗体双阳性148份(71.15%)。男女患者性别比4...     

Effect of antipyretics on the formation of leukocytic pyrogen by granulocytes

The effect of sodium salicylate, acetylsalicyclic acid, aminopyrine, and phenazone on the ability of granulocytes to produce endogenous pyrogen was studied. Experiments in vitro with verification of the viability of the leukocytes showed that of these antipyretics only sodium salicylate inhibited pyrogen formation.Department of General Pathology, Scientific-Research Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of MedicalSciences of the USSR, Leningrad. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR P. N. Veselkin.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 88, No. 8, pp. 166–168, August, 1979.     

Immunotherapy of tree pollen allergy with a modified alginate conjugated birch pollen extract compared to an aluminium adsorbed extract

The safety and efficacy of two birch pollen extracts, one chemically conjugated to alginate (Anjuvac) the other adsorbed to aluminium hydroxide (Alutard), were investigated in an open multicentre comparative study of 63 birch pollen allergic patients. Both extracts decreased the nasal symptoms during the birch pollen season. The changes in specific IgE and IgG were much the same in both treatment groups. The adverse reactions recorded were mild in both groups, but more frequent in the Anjuvac group, probably because of a more aggressive dose schedule though there were twice as many asthmatics in the Anjuvac group. The two investigated allergen extracts were useful alternatives for immunotherapy.