Electron microscopic features of the resting microglia in the rabbit hippocampus,identified by silver carbonate staining

Summary Vibratome sections of hippocampus of adult rabbits were stained by a modified Hortega's silver-carbonate method. Impregnated materials were examined by electron microscopy to decide fine-structural characteristics of the resting microglia. Comparing their characteristics with those of macrophages, we came to the following conclusions:(1) Impregnated resting microglia in the hippocampus of adult rabbits can be identified as cells having distinct fine structures. (2) Resting microglia are morphologically different from macrophages or their precursor cells, and therefore, seem not to be hematogenous cells sojourning in the normal brain parenchyma.     

Klinik und Therapie des Merkelzelltumors

Zusammenfassung Es wird über vier Fälle eines Merkelzelltumors mit unterschiedlichem klinischen Verlauf und Lokalisation im Gesicht und am Stamm berichtet. Bezüglich der Klinik wurden 339 Fälle eines Merkelzelltumors aus der Literatur ausgewertet. Beim Merkelzelltumor handelt es sich um einen von den Merkelschen Zellen ausgehenden neuroendokrinen Hauttumor. Er findet sich zu 47% im Kopf-Halsbereich, hat eine durchschnittliche Größe von 25 mm, liegt typischerweise über dem Hautniveau und zeichnet sich klinisch durch seine rötlich-livide Farbe aus. Aufgrund der Metastasierung und des infiltrativen Wachstums ist er als maligne einzuordnen. In 27% bestehen Lymphknotenmetastasen, in 51 % kommt es zu Lokalrezidiven und in 32% treten Fernmetastasen auf. Die Therapie der Wahl besteht in einer frühzeitigen Excision mit einem Sicherheitsabstand, wie er bei malignen Hauttumoren üblich ist. Eine Strahlensensibilität liegt vor; ob auch eine chemotherapeutische Beeinflußbarkeit besteht, ist jedoch nicht sicher.

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Merkel cell tumor: Clinical feature and therapy

Summary Four cases of Merkel cell tumor located in the face or on the trunk are presented. In a literature review 339 cases were found and analysed. The Merkel cell tumor is a neuroendocrine tumor of the skin derived from the Merkel cells. It is located most often in the face and neck area. Typically, it is an exophytic node, has a red-blue color and measures 25 mm in diameter on the average. Since it is metastasizing it is a malignant tumor. Regional node metastases were found in 27%, local recurrences occur in 51%, and distant metastases were seen in 32% of the cases. The best therapy is excision with wide margins as is the rule for a malignant skin tumor. While the tumor reacts to radiotherapy, chemotherapy seems to be of no help.

Die histologische Begutachtung der Operationspräparate erfolgte im Institut für Pathologie des Universitätskrankenhauses Eppendorf (Direktor: Prof. G. Seifert)     

护理人员血源性职业暴露防护研究进展

血源性职业暴露是指医疗单位或实验室工作人员由于接触病人含有传染性病原体的血液或体液而导致的暴露 ,80% 以上感染由经皮暴露(锐器伤)所致[1 ] .锐器伤害后,不仅可导致血源性病原体感染和不同程度心理压力,还会增加个人及社会支出费用[2 ] .最值得我们关注的是 ,50% 及以上的医护人员未报告其遭受的职业性经皮损伤,以致数据报告严重不足.日本监督管理机构提供漏报率大约20% .     

新生儿凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌血行感染类型及耐药性

目的:了解新生儿凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌血行感染类型及耐药性情况,为临床合理用药提供依据。方法:回顾分析2006年1月-2009年12月,本院新生儿室送检的3390例血培养及体外抗生素药敏试验结果。血培养使用Bact/A-LERT 3D(120)全自动血培养系统及其配套的培养瓶,病原菌鉴定及药敏试验采用法国B iom erieux公司的API细菌鉴定系统及配套试剂。结果:在3390例新生儿血培养中,共检出416株病原菌(12.3%),主要以凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(CNS)为主,占74.0%(308/416),耐甲氧西林凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(MRCNS)的检出率为85.4%,CNS中以表皮葡萄球菌、溶血葡萄球菌、路邓葡萄球菌、头状葡萄球菌为主,其MRS的检出率分别为:84.6%、100.0%、81.8%、90.9%。在溶血葡萄球菌中,MRS的检出率4年间没有发生变化均为100.0%。耐甲氧西林表皮葡萄球菌(MRSE)、甲氧西林敏感表皮葡萄球菌(MSSE)和其它CNS对万古霉素、喹奴普汀/达福普汀、呋喃妥因、米诺霉素、利福平、替考拉宁、呋西地酸的耐药率均较低,差异没有统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:CNS为本地区新生儿败血...     

胡桃醌对小鼠黑色素瘤细胞B16F10体内迁移的影响

目的:研究胡桃醌对小鼠黑色素瘤细胞B16F10体内迁移的影响.方法:采用小鼠B16/F10黑色素瘤人工肺转移模型研究胡桃醌对肿瘤细胞血道转移的作用.结果:与溶剂对照组相比,4.5、3、1.5和0.75 mg/kg胡桃醌组显著减少小鼠黑色素瘤B16F10血道转移(P＜0.05),其抑制率分别为27.30％、55.35％、31.52％和25.34％;3 mg/kg胡桃醌与阳性对照组相比,抑瘤率无统计学差异(P＞0.05).结论:胡桃醌可抑制小鼠黑色素瘤B16F10血道转移.     

脊柱结核合并血行播散型肺结核的手术治疗

目的 探讨脊柱结核合并血行播散型肺结核的手术治疗时机、手术方案及其疗效.方法 选择1999年1月至2012年5月我院收治脊柱结核合并血行播散型肺结核患者23例,男14例,女9例;年龄2～80岁,平均40.5岁;累及连续节段者18例,累及椎体41个,平均2.3个.其中颈胸段结核1例,胸椎结核6例,胸腰段结核2例,腰椎结核7例,腰骶段结核2例;累及跳跃节段者5例,1例累及T10/11,L2/3,1例T2,4,1例T11/12,L4/5,1例T10,L2/3,1例T7-L1,L4/5;术前抗结核治疗时间1～8个月,平均3.7个月;单纯后路手术9例,单纯前路手术4例,前后路联合手术9例,分期手术1例.结果 手术时间120～360 rmin,平均190min.术中失血量200～2000 ml,平均680 ml.术中出现髂内静脉损伤2例.术后并发症:切口窦道形成1例,切口积液2例,肺部感染2例.随访24～120个月,平均36.3个月,脊柱结核获得治愈,无复发.2例患者于术后2年取出内固定.3例神经功能障碍患者末次随访时Asia分级均达到E级.结论 脊柱结核合并血行播散型肺结核患者术前抗结核治疗时间需适当延长,以3个月为宜,根据患者一般状况、病变及脓肿部位灵活选择前路,后路或联合入路手术方案,及时处理术后并发症,坚持18～24个月化疗方案,可以取得较好效果.     

Hematogenous umbilical metastasis from colon cancer treated by palliative single-incision laparoscopic surgery

Sister Mary Joseph’s nodule (SMJN) is a rare umbilical nodule that develops secondary to metastatic cancer. Primary malignancies are located in the abdomen or pelvis. Patients with SMJN have a poor prognosis. An 83-year-old woman presented to our hospital with a 1-month history of a rapidly enlarging umbilical mass. Endoscopic findings revealed advanced transverse colon cancer. computer tomography and fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography revealed tumors of the transverse colon, umbilicus, right inguinal lymph nodes, and left lung. The feeding arteries and drainage veins for the SMJN were the inferior epigastric vessels. Imaging findings of the left lung tumor allowed for identification of the primary lung cancer, and a diagnosis of advanced transverse colon cancer with SMJN and primary lung cancer was made. The patient underwent local resection of the SMNJ and subsequent single-site laparoscopic surgery involving right hemicolectomy and paracolic lymph node dissection. Intra-abdominal dissemination to the mesocolon was confirmed during surgery. Histopathologically, the transverse colon cancer was confirmed to be moderately differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma. We suspect that SMJN may occur via a hematogenous pathway. Although chemotherapy for colon cancer and thoracoscopic surgery for the primary lung cancer were scheduled, the patient and her family desired home hospice. Seven months after surgery, she died of rapidly growing lung cancer.