当归挥发油对人脐静脉内皮细胞增殖作用的谱效关系

目的:探讨不同产地当归挥发油与人脐静脉内皮细胞增殖作用的相关关系。方法:利用水蒸气蒸馏法提取当归挥发油,采用GC-MS联用分析技术建立44批不同产地当归药材挥发油指纹图谱,质谱检索库及保留指数法鉴定各色谱峰所示化学成分,用噻唑蓝染色(MTT)实验考察不同产地当归挥发油对HUVECs细胞的增值率,再通过线性回归分析方法,建立并分析当归挥发油促HUVECs细胞增殖作用的相关关系。结果:通过线性回归分析得色谱峰X_1,X_2与细胞增殖率呈负相关的关系,其余色谱峰与细胞增殖率均呈正相关的关系,且其中X_3,X_6,X_7号色谱峰回归系数较大,是当归挥发油促HUVECs细胞增殖的主要化学成分。结论:该方法能快速、有效地建立当归挥发油谱效相关关系,可为当归挥发油化学成分药理性质的研究提供参考依据。     

The protective effect of smilax glabra extract on advanced glycation end products-induced endothelial dysfunction in HUVECs via RAGE-ERK1/2-NF-κB pathway

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Smilax glabra Roxb. (SGR) is a traditional Chinese herb that has been used in folk for the treatment of diabetic vascular complications. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs)-induced endothelial dysfunction has been thought to be a major cause of diabetic vascular complications. The present study was conducted to investigate the protective effect of SGR extract on AGEs-induced endothelial dysfunction and its underlying mechanisms.

Materials and methods

Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were exposed to 200 μg/ml AGEs to induce endothelial dysfunction. Acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) fluorescence assay and Annexin-V/PI double-staining were performed to determine endothelium apoptosis. Dihydroethidium (DHE) fluorescence probe, SOD and MDA kits were used to evaluate oxidative stress. The effect of SGR extract on AGEs-induced TGF-beta1 expression was determined by immunocytochemistry and western blotting. Attenuations of SGR extract on receptor for AGEs (RAGE) expression, extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK1/2) activation and NF-κB phosphorylation were determined by immunofluorescence assay and western blotting. The blockade assays for RAGE and ERK1/2 were carried out using a specific RAGE-antibody (RAGE-Ab) or a selective ERK1/2 inhibitor PD98059 in immunofluorescence assay.

Results

The pretreatment of SGR extract (0.125, 0.25 and 0.5 mg crude drug/ml) significantly attenuated AGEs-induced endothelium apoptosis, and down-regulated TGF-beta1 protein expression in HUVECs. It was also well shown that SGR extract could down-regulate dose-dependently ROS over-generation, MDA content, TGF-beta1 expression, ERK1/2 and NF-κB activation whereas increase significantly SOD activity. Furthermore, the AGEs-induced ERK1/2 activation could be attenuated by the blockade of RAGE-Ab (5 μg/ml) while the NF-κB activation was ameliorated by ERK1/2 inhibitor PD98059 (10 μM).

Conclusion

These results indicated that SGR extract could attenuate AGEs-induced endothelial dysfunction via RAGE-ERK1/2-NF-κB pathways. Our findings suggest that SGR extract may be beneficial for attenuating endothelial dysfunction in diabetic vascular complications.     

洛伐他汀对血管内皮细胞与平滑肌细胞增殖调节作用的对比实验研究

目的探讨洛伐他汀对人血管内皮细胞与平滑肌细胞的调节作用及其调节差异性。方法配制含不同浓度洛伐他汀的培养基f0、0．001、O．01、0,1、1、10μmol／L）,分别于96孔板中进行人脐静脉内皮细胞（HUVECs）与血管平滑肌细胞（VSMCs）培养,在培养24、72、120h后以MTT法对两种细胞进行细胞活性及增殖情况评估。结果培养24h,0．1μmol／L的洛伐他汀对HUVECs存在明显的促进增殖作用;培养72h,1斗mol／L的洛伐他汀对HUVECs存在明显的促进增殖作用;培养120h后,O．001、0．01、0．1、1μmol／L的洛伐他汀与对照组相比HUVECs增殖活性无明显差异,10μmol／L的洛伐他汀表现出明显的增殖抑制作用。培养24h和120h,各浓度组洛伐他汀对VSMCs的增殖无显著调节作用;培养72h,0．001、0．01、1、10μmol／L的洛伐他汀对VSMCs的增殖存在部分抑制作用,未发现剂量相关规律性。结论洛伐他汀对人血管内皮细胞增殖存在双向调节作用,与浓度相关。体外浓度0.1、1μmol／L时可以表现出明显的促进增殖作用,浓度达10μmol／L时则表现出抑制作用。相同浓度下,洛伐他汀无促进VSMCs增殖的作用,并且存在部分抑制VSMCs增殖的作用。     

NADPH氧化酶4在高糖促进HUVECs内活性氧产生机制中的作用

目的：研究在高浓度葡萄糖刺激状态下,人脐静脉内皮细胞（HUVECs）内活性氧的主要来源。方法：Ⅱ型胶原酶消化法分离培养人脐静脉内皮细胞,流式细胞术检测细胞内活性氧的生成,RT-PCR及Western blot检测细胞内NADPH氧化酶4（NOX4）的表达。结果：高糖处理HUVECs后细胞内ROS升高、NOX4表达明显上调;NOX抑制剂DPI能够抑制NOX4表达的上调和细胞内ROS的升高。结论：高糖处理HUVECs时细胞内ROS升高主要来源于NOX4。     

梓葛冻干粉对人脐静脉内皮细胞缺氧/ 复氧损伤的保护作用

目的:研究中药单体组方梓葛冻干粉对人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVECs)缺氧/复氧损伤的保护作用。方法:体外培养HUVECs,采用Krebs液建立缺氧/复氧损伤模型。用梓葛冻干粉干预后,采用MTT比色法测定细胞活力、黄嘌呤氧化酶法测定细胞内超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、硫代巴比妥酸显色法测定丙二醛(MDA)含量、硝酸还原酶法测定一氧化氮(NO)含量、2,4-二硝基苯肼显色法测定细胞外乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)释放量;Western blot法分析细胞凋亡相关蛋白Bcl-2,Bax,Caspase-3的表达。结果:与模型组相比,梓葛冻干粉12.5 mg.L-1显著提高细胞活力(P<0.05);梓葛冻干粉49.0,24.5,12.5 mg.L-1均显著提高缺氧/复氧后细胞SOD活性(P<0.05);梓葛冻干粉24.5,12.5 mg.L-1能显著减少LDH的释放量及降低MDA和NO的含量(P<0.05),并上调细胞Bcl-2蛋白表达(P<0.05,P<0.01);梓葛冻干粉49.0,24.5,12.5 mg.L-1显著降低Bax的表达并上调Bcl-2/Bax(P<0.05,P<0.01),且梓葛冻干粉49.0,24.5 mg.L-1显著降低Caspase-3的表达(P<0.01)。结论:梓葛冻干粉可显著拮抗缺氧/复氧对HUVECs的损伤,可能与其抑制细胞过氧化损伤,增强细胞抗氧化和抗凋亡能力有关。     

川芎嗪与黄芪甲苷配伍对人脐静脉内皮细胞血管生成的作用及机制探讨

目的研究川芎嗪与黄芪甲苷配伍对缺氧诱导损伤的人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVECs)的增殖的影响及机制。方法建立HUVECs缺氧损伤模型,将细胞分为5组,对照组、模型组、川芎嗪(80μg/mL)组、黄芪甲苷(40μg/mL)组及川芎嗪(80μg/mL)+黄芪甲苷(40μg/mL)组,MTT法检测川芎嗪、黄芪甲苷及其配伍对缺氧损伤HUVECs增殖的影响;免疫组化法检测缺氧损伤HUVECs细胞VEGF、Ang-II蛋白表达,Western blotting检测VEGF和Ang-II蛋白的表达,RT-PCR检测VEGF和Ang-II mR NA表达。结果与模型组相比,川芎嗪与黄芪甲苷均能提高细胞存活率,川芎嗪与黄芪甲苷配伍组具有极显著差异(P0.001);川芎嗪与黄芪甲苷配伍提高VEGF、Ang-II蛋白表达。同时,川芎嗪与黄芪甲苷配伍组能上调VEGF和Ang-II mR NA的表达(P0.001)。结论川芎嗪与黄芪甲苷配伍可能通过增加血管生成靶向因子VEGF和Ang-II的表达发挥促进血管生成的作用。     

BSO对内皮细胞氧化还原状态的影响

目的　探讨人脐静脉血管内皮细胞(humanumbilicalveinendothelialcells, HUVEC)在慢性髓性白血病细胞株K562细胞条件培养基作用下氧化还原状态的变化与其增殖活性间的关系,观察谷胱甘肽合成抑制剂丁胱亚磺酰亚胺(buthioninesulfoxine, BSO)在上述条件下对HUVECs的作用,为探索相应的抗肿瘤血管生成治疗策略提供新思路。方法　用K562细胞条件培养基、谷胱甘肽合成抑制剂共同或单独处理HUVEC,检测HUVEC细胞内氧化还原状态以及细胞活力的改变。结果　K562细胞条件培养基明显促进内皮细胞的增殖,并促进内皮细胞氧化型与还原型谷胱甘肽(GSSG与GSH)、辅酶Ⅱ(NADP+与NADPH)两对氧化和还原性物质同时增高,但GSSG/GSH、NADP+ /NADPH比值未变。BSO显示出对HUVEC生长的明显抑制,引起HUVEC中GSH、NADPH含量明显降低、GSSG/GSH、NADP+ /NADPH比值升高;在K562细胞条件培养基的同时作用下,BSO对HUVEC的生长抑制作用增强, 使细胞内GSSG/GSH、NADP+ /NADPH比值进一步提高。结论　慢性髓性白血病细胞条件培养基使得血管内皮细胞对BSO的生长抑制作用更加敏感,其机制与内皮细胞氧化还原状态的改变密切相关。     

灵芝多糖对肿瘤细胞与内皮细胞相互作用的影响

目的研究灵芝多糖(GlPS)抗肿瘤作用及其机制。方法通过相差显微镜和间接免疫荧光的方法鉴定了人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVECs)。采用MTT法检测GlPS对人前列腺癌细胞(PC-3M)和HUVECs增殖的影响。检测GlPS对PC-3M细胞与HUVECs粘附的影响。采用transwell双层小室观察GlPS对PC-3M迁移穿过单层HUVECs的影响。结果GlPS对PC-3M无直接细胞毒作用,对HUVECs增殖无显著性作用。GlPS能够减少粘附和迁移穿过单层内皮细胞的肿瘤细胞数目。结论灵芝多糖通过抑制肿瘤细胞粘附并迁移穿过内皮细胞发挥其抗肿瘤作用。     

内皮细胞内毒素刺激后差异表达基因消减文库的构建

目的 建立人脐静脉内皮细胞内皮细胞内毒素刺激后差异表达基因的消减cDNA文库。方法：提取培养人脐静脉内皮细胞内毒素刺激6h后mRNAs，反转录合成cDNA，与对照组间进行抑制消减杂交交富集差异表达基因，经T载体转化感受态大肠杆菌。结果：建立了内皮细胞内毒素刺激后差异表达基因消减cDNA文库。结论：经抑制消减杂交建立的消减cDNA文库富集并均一化了内毒素刺激后不同丰度的差异表达基因，为今后进一步筛选内毒素相关基因打下基础。     

Comparison of the antioxidant activities of nonfumigated and sulphur-fumigated Chrysanthemum morifolium cv. Hang-ju induced by oxidative stress

Context The traditional drying method, sun drying, for Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. cv. Hang-ju (Compositae) (HJ) is widely replaced by sulphur fumigation (SF), which has an unknown effect on its efficacy.Objective To investigate protective effects of nonfumigated HJ (NHJ) and sulphur-fumigated HJ (SHJ) water extracts against oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation.Materials and methods Sprague-Dawley rats were administered high-fat diet to induce hyperlipidaemia and randomly divided into eight groups (n = 6): control, fenofibrate, NHJ and SHJ extracts (1, 2 or 4 g crude drugs/kg/d; intragastric administration for 8 weeks). Serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were detected. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated with NHJ and SHJ extracts (50, 100 or 200 μg/mL) for 24 h, followed by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL, 20 μg/mL) for 2 h in vitro. Cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), SOD and MDA levels and apoptosis were evaluated.Results NHJ was more effective than SHJ in decreasing serum TG, TC, LDL-C, LDL/HDL and MDA while increasing serum HDL-C and SOD levels at high doses. SHJ (IC₅₀=19.9 mg/mL) suppressed HUVEC growth stronger than NHJ (IC₅₀=186.7 mg/mL). At 200 μg/mL, NHJ was more effective than SHJ in downregulating ROS and MDA levels, reducing HUVECs apoptosis rate and elevating SOD activity in ox-LDL-treated HUVECs.Conclusions SF causes oxidative damage and attenuates antioxidative activity in ox-LDL-treated HUVECs, which promotes lipid peroxidation. SF is not recommended for processing HJ.