A refined-JinQi-JiangTang tablet ameliorates prediabetes by reducing insulin resistance and improving beta cell function in mice

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Refined-JQ (JQ-R) is a mixture of refined extracts from three major herbal components of JinQi-JiangTang tablet: Coptis chinensis (Ranunculaceae), Astragalus membranaceus (Leguminosae), and Lonicera japonica (Caprifoliaceae). Our previous studies have indicated that JQ-R could decrease fasting blood glucose levels in diabetic mice and insulin resistance mice. Investigating the hypoglycemic effect of JQ-R on prediabetes has practical application value for preventing or delaying insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance and possibly the development of clinical diabetes.

Materials and methods

The anti-diabetic potential of JQ-R was investigated using a high fat-diet (HFD)-induced obesity mouse model. C57BL/6J mice (HFD-C57 mice) were fed with high-fat diet for 4 months. HFD-C57 mice were treated with either JQ-R (administered intragastrically once daily for 4 weeks) or metformin (as positive control), and the effects of JQ-R on body weight, blood lipids, glucose metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and beta cell function were monitored.

Results

The body weight, serum cholesterol, and the Homeostasis Model Assessment ratio (insulin resistance index) were significantly reduced in JQ-R or metformin-treated mice, and the glucose tolerance was enhanced and insulin response was improved simultaneously. Moreover, both JQ-R and metformin could activate liver glycogen syntheses even under a relatively high glucose loading. Although glyconeogenesis was inhibited in the metformin treated mice, it was not observed in JQ-R treated mice. Similar to metformin, JQ-R could also improve the glucose infusion rate (GIR) in hyperglycemic clamp test. JQ-R was also shown to increase the levels of phosphorylated AMPKα and phosphorylated acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACC), similar to metformin.

Conclusion

JQ-R could reduce HFD-induced insulin resistance by regulating glucose and lipid metabolism, increasing insulin sensitivity through activating the AMPK signaling pathway, and subsequently improving β cell function. Therefore, JQ-R may offer an alternative in treating disorders associated with insulin resistance, such as prediabetes and T2DM.     

探测器宽度对头颈CTA图像质量及辐射剂量影响的对比研究

目的探讨探测器宽度对头颈CTA图像质量及辐射剂量的影响。方法将120例行头颈CTA检查的患者分为A、B两组,每组60例。A组采用40 mm探测器;B组采用80 mm探测器,其他扫描参数及对比剂注入方式保持一致。测量主动脉弓、右侧颈内动脉甲状软骨平面及右侧大脑中动脉M2段CT值(HU)和客观噪声(SD),记录剂量长度乘积,计算信噪比及有效剂量;对所有采集及后处理图像进行主观及客观评分。结果A、B两组患者辐射剂量分别为(0.56±0.06)mSv和(0.64±0.08)mSv,A组低于B组12.5%(P<0.05);且细支动脉血管对比剂充盈A组优于B组(P<0.05),颅内血管清晰度两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论在头颈CTA检查时,采用40 mm探测器宽度可保证较低辐射剂量,同时获得能够满足诊断要求的图像质量。     

清醒自由活动大鼠脑酪氨酸羟化酶活性的测定

目的 :建立清醒自由活动大鼠脑内酪氨酸羟化酶 (TH)活性的测定方法。方法 :应用脑微透析技术收集经 6-羟基多巴胺 (6-OHDA)预处理的大鼠 ,在L 芳香族氨基酸脱羧酶抑制剂 3-羟苄肼·盐酸 (NSD1015)灌流下 ,脑纹状体细胞外的透析液 ;用高效液相色谱 电化学检测方法测定透析液内多巴 (DOPA)水平 ,来反映脑内TH的活性。并观察TH抑制剂以及多巴胺受体的抑制剂和激动剂对其的影响。结果 :预先用 6-OHDA处理导致大鼠纹状体透析液内DOPA缺失 ,用NSD1015阻断DOPA向多巴胺 (DA)转化 ,可测得DOPA的水平 ,且DA的代谢产物 3,4-二羟基苯乙酸水平逐步下降。但在TH抑制剂α-甲基 ρ酪氨酸作用下DOPA又可消失 ,说明测定的DOPA是来自多巴胺神经末梢。另外 ,腹腔内给予多巴胺受体激动剂盐酸阿朴吗啡后 ,脑透析液中DOPA水平减少 ;而给予多巴胺受体抑制剂氟哌啶醇后 ,微透析液中DOPA水平增加。本研究测得在 0.01mmol·L^-1NSD1015灌流下 ,经 6-OHDA预处理的 ,插入探针 24hSD大鼠纹状体中DOPA水平为 (0.39±0.12) pmol·min^-1(x±s,n=5 )。结论 :在脱羧酶抑制剂NSD1015灌流期间 ,测得预先用 6-OHDA处理大鼠纹状体透析液中DOPA水平可以认为是脑组织TH活性的指数 ,经工具药验证 ,在体监测脑TH活性的方法是可靠的。     

A simple stability indicating RP-HPLC-DAD method for concurrent analysis of Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate,Doravirine and Lamivudine in pure blend and their combined film coated tablets

1. Download : Download high-res image (142KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

     

我国卫生系统食品中γ核素检测能力分析

目的 为了掌握卫生系统对食品中γ放射性核素检测能力现状,发现检测工作中的潜在问题,为今后各实验室改进和提高检测能力提供参考。方法 通过各实验室上报的高纯锗γ能谱仪的性能指标,掌握各实验室的γ放射性核素检测的硬件能力。通过组织检测能力考核,了解各实验室检测人员的技术能力。结果 各实验室γ能谱仪的相对探测效率分布在30%~66%,能量分辨率分布在1.60~2.28 keV,测量24 h 50~2 000 keV的积分本底分布在48~420 CPM,检测能力考核结果达到"合格"及"优秀"的占大多数。结论 当前我国卫生系统对食品中γ放射性核素检测能力普遍良好,但部分实验室的仪器性能或人员技术仍有待提高。     

Evaluation of the performance of a gamma camera equipped with a 5/8" versus 1" thick NaI detector

The upgrade of a gamma camera from a 5/8" to a 1" thick crystal, the latter with StarBrite technology, prompted to the investigation of changes in performance parameters for planar scintigraphy and SPECT as well as for PET in coincidence mode. For planar and SPECT parameters, the performance was measured according to NEMA Standard Protocol NU1-2001. No changes were found in terms of intrinsic uniformity, intrinsic spatial resolution, linearity, energy resolution, system resolution, and tomographic system resolution. The only change was an increase of system sensitivity for higher energy gamma rays. For the PET scanner in coincidence mode, the image quality of the camera was determined according to NEMA NU2-2001. Visually and in terms of contrast values there was a significant improvement of image quality. Changes in image quality relevant for clinical use were tested by evaluation of planar patient scans acquired within a short time with two gamma cameras of the same type, different only in crystal thickness (5/8" and 1"). No statistically significant difference was found between corresponding scans. For planar and SPECT imaging, the gamma camera with 1" thick detector and StarBrite technology demonstrated the same performance of a camera with a 5/8" crystal. For PET in coincidence mode the new detector proved clearly superior.     

CLINICAL APPLICATION OF MODEL CLRH-A AURICULAR POINT DETECTOR

TheauricleisanimPOrtantcomPonentofthewholehumanbody,auniqueholographicstructurewhichcanreflecttheconditionsofwholebody.ClinicalpracticedemonstratesthatvariouskindsofPoSitivereactionPOintscanusu-allyappearatacertainareaofauriclewhensomeinternalorgansorsomepartsoftrunksufferfromillness.Thechangeofelectriccharacteris-ticsintheskinofauricularacuPointisoneofim-POrtantreactions.TheModelCLRH-AAuric-ularPointDetectorpreparedbyNanjingXi-aosongInstituteofMedicalInstrumentisde-signedjustonthisp…     

基于溴化镧探测器的γ射线空气吸收剂量率的测量方法

目的 针对溴化镧闪烁体探测器,开展了G(E)函数的计算方法研究,最终实现了空气吸收剂量率的测量.方法 首先,基于蒙特卡罗模拟计算方法,模拟计算出溴化镧探测器的γ能谱,给出不同能量的响应函数;然后,利用最小二乘法计算得到了G(E)函数;最后,利用标准点源实验,将溴化镧探测器利用G(E)函数转换测量得到的空气吸收剂量率与理...     

上消化道早期癌的诊断及手术疗效观察：附143例分析

作者报道1986年4月至1992年3月在上消化道癌高发区扬中县应用隐血珠初筛、胃镜普查和门诊胃镜检查共发现上消化道早期癌143例,占同期切除病例总数的15.4％(143/926)。其中早期食管癌49例,早期胃癌94例。早期胃癌的部位分布中贲门癌57例,占早期胃癌的60.6％。术后随访1、3、5年生存率分别为98.3％、97.5％、和95.2％。作者认为:上消化道早期癌病变发展较慢,病人往往有足够的时间在早期阶段被发现,在上消化道癌高发区对高危人群用隐血珠初筛胃镜普查的方法值得推广。