穿心莲内酯和脱水穿心莲内酯大孔树脂纯化工艺

目的:研究穿心莲内酯和脱水穿心莲内酯的大孔树脂吸附分离纯化工艺.方法:考察HPD100型大孔树脂的吸附性能和洗脱参数,采用HPLC测定穿心莲内酯和脱水穿心莲内酯含量.结果:HPD100型大孔树脂适宜的工艺条件为最大上样量为每克药材1.0g树脂,5 BV 20％乙醇除杂,10 BV 35％乙醇,5 BV 55％乙醇溶液分别洗脱,总内酯纯度68.46％;35％乙醇洗脱液中主要富含穿心莲内酯;55％乙醇洗脱液中富含脱水穿心莲内酯.结论:HPD100型大孔吸附树脂在所确定的工艺条件下,对穿心莲内酯和脱水穿心莲内酯的纯化效果良好,对大生产有指导意义.     

血液灌流及透析救治急重症有机磷中毒

目的探讨血液灌流透析(HPD)救治重症急性有机磷中毒(AOPP)的临床疗效。方法67例AOPP患者随机分成HPD组(n=35)与对照组(n=32)。对照组予以阿托品、解磷定等综合内科治疗。HPD组在内科治疗基础上加HPD治疗。结果HPD组和对照组比较,患者阿托品化时间、胆碱酯酶活力恢复时间、平均住院时间均明显缩短(P<0.05)。结论HPD救治重症AOPP疗效显著。值得临床进一步应用总结。     

产时超声监测改善分娩结局

超声逐渐用于产时判断胎方位和胎头位置来评估产程进展,辅助临床进行分娩管理。文章依据临床指南和临床研究,阐述产时超声监测的参数指标及其对改善分娩结局的作用。     

Photofrin光动力联合化疗对食管癌细胞株Eca-109增殖的影响

目的研究Photofrin光动力联合氟尿嘧啶和顺铂化疗药物对食管癌细胞株Eca-109增殖的抑制作用。方法将食管癌细胞株Eca-109分为6组，A：对照组，B：化疗组，C：化疗＋高剂量光敏剂治疗组，D：化疗＋低剂量光敏剂治疗组，E：高剂量光敏剂治疗组，F：低剂量光敏剂治疗组。种板孵育24h后，采用台盼蓝染色法检测肿瘤细胞的存活率；于化疗组加入化疗药（5-Fu＋DDP）作用12h，再按实验分组加入光敏剂血卟啉衍生物（HPD）低剂量或高剂量，4h后行630nm激光照射，光能量密度30J／cm^2，照光后继续培育24h，开始行MTT法检测食管癌细胞增殖的抑制率。结果除了低剂量光敏剂＋化疗组同高剂量光敏剂组差异不显著外．其余相互间差异均有统计学意义，高剂量光敏剂＋化疗组细胞抑制率较高，低剂量光敏剂组抑制率较低。结论在特定光源状态下,一定的光敏剂、光照能量密度、孵育时间，光敏剂孵育浓度是人食管癌细胞Eca-109体外光动力效应的主要影响因素。两种不同的HPD孵育浓度下细胞抑制率有显著性差异。相同光照能量密度及孵育时间下，孵育浓度越高，其杀伤效应越强。光动力与化疗联合对食管癌细胞的杀伤力提高，光动力与化疗有协同作用。     

血卟啉衍生物光敏反应中化学发光的实验观察

在HpD及化学发光剂luminol存在和pH 10.2的条件下,NAD(P)H溶液经激光照射所产生的化学发光虽受照光时间、激光功率密度、luminol浓度、NAD(P)H浓度等因素的影响,但在一定条件下,其化学发光强度与HPD浓度之间有正比例关系,而且与NAD(P)H光氧化成NAD(P)~+时OD_(340)的变化亦有平行关系存在。根据水溶液和重水中几种不同的活性氧物质(ROS)的清除剂对化学发光和对NAD(P)H光氧化失活作用影响的观察结果,可以认为O_2~-、~·OH,H_2O_2与~1O_2都与NAD(P)H的光氧化有密切关系。     

Scanning electron microscopic observations on photodynamic effects in cells in vitro

This paper reports an ultrastructural study of cell surfaces in normal (PTK₂) and malignant (Hela) cells in vitro using the scanning electron microscope. The study describes cells treated by haematoporphyrin derivatives (HPDs) from different sources as well as the destruction of cells which have taken up HPD in combination with laser microirradiation of single cells. The results indicate that an HPD effect on cell surface structure occurred: in general the microvilli were markedly reduced and some of the filopodia broken, shortened and thickened. The effects of different HPD drugs on cell surface structure differed to a certain extent within the limits of normal variation. In addition ultrastructural observations following HPD treatment plus laser microirradiation showed remarkable photodynamic cell damage identifiable within seconds after treatment.     

血卟啉衍生物对人食管鳞状细胞癌裸鼠移植瘤的放射增敏研究

移植人食管鳞状上皮癌的裸鼠24只随机分4组:对照组、血卟啉(腹腔注射)组、单纯放射组和血卟啉加放射组。实验结果后3组的抑瘤率分别为13.1％、57.7％和85.4％;后3组的肿瘤生长曲线呈现不同程度抑制,尤以血卟啉加放射组最为明显;其增敏比值为2.5;以上结果表明血卟啉衍生物(HPD)对人食管鳞癌裸鼠移植瘤的X线分次照射有明显增敏作用。重复实验获相似结果。推测临床综合应用HPD可望提高上皮类癌瘤的放射疗效。     

血卟啉衍生物对人胃癌不同周期时相细胞光敏损伤效应的电镜观察

应用细胞同步化和电镜技术,研究了人胃低分化粘液腺癌细胞(MGc80-3)经血卟啉衍生物加红光照射后,其光敏损伤部位与周期时相的关系。结果表明,细胞的超微结构损伤,呈现出明显的周期特异性,其中G_1期细胞的质膜损伤较显著,胞质也有一定损伤;S期和G_2期细胞,以线粒体和其他胞质细胞器损伤最为严重,M期细胞则以胞核损伤显著。本文对上述光敏损伤的机制进行了讨论。     

Behaviour of haematoporphyrin derivative in adenomas and adenocarcinomas of the colon: a microfluorometric study

Intravenously injected haematoporphyrin derivative localizes in malignant tissue more than it does in the surrounding normal tissues; this allows cancer to be treated photodynamically. The aim of this study is to determine whether adenomas of the large bowel, which are benign precarcinomatous lesions, accumulate HPD as well as does malignant tissue, and whether such accumulation occurs to a greater extent than it does in the surrounding normal mucosa. For this purpose, microspectrofluorometric analysis was performed on biopsy samples of adenomas, on adenocarcinomas, and on normal mucosa, and the data were compared. The samples were obtained from patients affected by histologically proven adenocarcinomas and synchronous adenomas of the bowel 48h after intravenous injection of HPD (3 mg/kg bodyweight), that is, the time interval usually required for photodynamic therapy. The intensity of fluorescence of the adenomas was a little lower than that observed from adenocarcinomas, but was higher than that from the surrounding mucosa. The fluorescence spectra from adenomas and from adenocarcinomas showed three main emission bands centred at about 630, 670 and 700 nm. The relative amplitudes of the band at 630 and 670 nm in benign and malignant colorectal tumours varied with the excitation wavelength, depending on the different physicochemical state of the accumulated drug. A further analysis, performed 72 h after administration, indicated the existence of an intratissue turnover of the porphyrins.