高效液相色谱法测定穿龙骨刺片中淫羊藿苷的含量

目的：建立高效液相色谱法测定穿龙骨刺片中淫羊藿苷的含量。方法：Agilent C18色谱柱（250mm×4．6mm，5μm），0．075mol·L^-1磷酸溶液（用三乙胺调pH=4．5）-乙腈（75：25）为流动相，流速0．8ml·min^-1检测波长270nm。结果：淫羊藿苷在进样量0．02～0．16μg范围内，与峰面积呈良好的线性关系（r=0．9999），平均回收率为99．2％（RSD=1．0％，n=9）。结论：方法准确可靠、重复性好，简便快速，可用于该制剂的质量控制。     

补肾方药对去卵巢雌鼠骨质疏松症防治作用的研究

目的：为验证益肾填精方药“肾虚骨痛胶囊”防治骨质疏松症的疗效和探讨其治疗机理。方法：本文以切除卵巢雌性大鼠复制绝经后骨质疏松症模型，观察该药对去卵巢大鼠抗失骨作用。实验分为模型组、肾虚骨痛胶囊大、小剂量组、骨疏康阳性对照组和正常对照组。术后１周开始给药，持续１２０天。结果：肾虚骨痛胶囊大剂量组，与模型组比较，可以提高模鼠全身及股骨骨密度、股骨灰重、腰椎骨小梁体积、股骨无机元素 Ｃａ、 Ｐ、 Ｍｇ、 Ｚｎ、 Ｃｕ、 Ｍｎ含量，血清Ｅ_２含量用药后有增高之趋势，但与模型组比较无统计学差异。结论：肾虚骨痛胶囊可通过体内多方位调节作用达到预防和抑制骨质疏松症的发生和发展，具有较好的应用前景。     

调肝消臌汤治疗乙肝后肝硬化腹水的临床观察

目的观察调肝消臌汤治疗乙肝后肝硬化腹水的临床疗效。方法对照组30例为西医治疗,治疗组30例,采用调肝消臌汤辨证施治。两组均1个月为1个疗程,2个疗程后评价疗效。结果治疗组总有效率为83.3%,对照组为66.7%,两组比较为差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。本研究显示,治疗组疗效明显优于对照组（P〈0.05）,腹水消退情况治疗组与对照组比较有显著性差异（P〈0.01）。结论调肝消臌汤施治乙肝后肝硬化腹水的临床疗效优于单纯西医治疗。     

伤科接骨片治疗骨折的临床研究

目的研究伤科接骨片治疗骨折的疗效与安全性。方法选择180例外伤性骨折病人随机分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组120例,对照组60例。经复位、固定后,治疗组服用伤科接骨片,对照组服用接骨七厘散,直至骨折愈合。以临床实际用药时间比同类骨折愈合时间提前多少为疗效判定标准。同时观测治疗前后疼痛、肿胀、术后吸收热在37.5°C左右积分,并进行安全性评价。结果治疗药与对照药都有较好的消肿止痛、减少吸收热反应的作用,治疗组疗效优于对照组。治疗组未发现任何副作用。结论伤科接骨片具有明显的消肿止痛、减少吸收热反应的功能,能促进骨折愈合,缩短疗效,且无副作用,是一种有效的治疗骨折的复方中药。     

骨灵片对骨质疏松大鼠血清OPG/RANKL、PICP和相关细胞因子的影响

目的观察骨灵片对骨质疏松症（OP）大鼠血清OPG、RANKL及PICP和相关细胞因子（IL-6、TNF-α和IL-4）表达的影响。方法随机将大鼠分为正常对照组、模型组、骨灵片高、中、低剂量组,采用去势法建立大鼠OP动物模型,术后1个月,骨灵片组给予骨灵片,给药后3个月,采用ELISA法检测血清OPG、RANKL及PICP和IL-6、TNF-α、IL-4。结果与模型组比较,骨灵片各组的OPG、PICP值显著升高（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）,而RANKL、IL-6和TNF-α值均显著下降（P〈0.01,P〈0.01,P〈0.05）,骨灵片高、中剂量组的IL-4值显著升高（P〈0.05）。结论骨灵片可能通过上调OPG,下调RANKL的表达,影响OPG系统,并可能通过调节IL-6、TNF-α、IL-4水平,影响破骨细胞功能,抑制骨吸收,同时可能通过增加PICP表达而使I型胶原的合成增加,进而影响骨的韧性和强度,达到防治OP的目的。     

荣骨颗粒对卵巢切除后骨质疏松大鼠骨形态计量的影响

目的 探索补肾中药荣骨颗粒对去势大鼠骨质疏松症的防治作用。方法 摘除大鼠双侧卵巢造成骨质疏松症模型，分别灌服大、中、小剂量的荣骨颗粒，并与己烯雌酚和骨疏康组作对照，3个月后，进行骨形态计量测定和分析。结果 大中剂量的荣骨颗粒能使切除卵巢大鼠骨小梁体积百分比显著增高，骨小梁吸收表面百分比、骨小梁形成表面百分比、活性生成表面百分比、骨小梁矿化率、类骨质平均宽度及骨皮质矿化率均明显降低。结论 大、中剂量的荣骨颗粒对卵巢切除后的大鼠骨质疏松症具有一定的治疗作用；小剂量荣骨颗粒无明显作用，而大剂量则优于中剂量组的治疗作用。     

强骨抗萎方对模拟失重条件下体外培养成骨细胞的影响

目的　探讨复方强骨抗萎方对模拟失重条件下体外培养成骨细胞的影响 ,拟揭示该方对抗骨丢失的分子生物学机制。　方法　分离乳鼠颅骨成骨细胞 ,体外培养后 ,分为正常对照、失重模型、强骨抗萎方大剂量 ( 2 .0 % )、中剂量 ( 1.0 % )和小剂量 ( 0 .5 % ) 5组。置回旋器 ,30r/min ,连续回旋 6 0h模拟失重 ,观察该方对回旋 12h、36h和 6 0h时大鼠成骨细胞碱性磷酸酶 (ALP)和骨钙素(BGP)生成及ALP基因转录水平 (mRNA)的影响。　结果　与正常对照组比较 ,模型组成骨细胞在回旋 12h、36h和 6 0h不同时间点的细胞培养液中的ALP活性均明显降低 ,其中 12h和 6 0h时差异显著 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;且ALPmRNA表达低微 ;BGP活性均减低 ,6 0h时差异显著 (P <0 .0 5 )。与模型组比较 ,中药复方不同剂量组于回旋不同时间点细胞培养液中的ALP活性均有不同程度升高 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;ALPmRNA表达活性也较高 ;但BGP活性无明显变化。　结论　该方能改善模拟失重条件下成骨细胞的功能 ,缓解其分化抑制状态 ,促进骨基质的形成和成熟。     

Prospective Comparison of Equations Based on Creatinine and Cystatin C for the Glomerular Filtration Rate Estimation in Chinese Renal Transplant Recipients

Background

Currently, there is no dedicated equation to estimate glomerular filtration rate (GFR) for transplanted kidneys. This study aimed to compare the performance of serum creatinine (Scr)- and cystatin C (CysC)-based equations in Chinese renal transplant recipients.

A cross-cultural analysis of Jammu,Kashmir and Ladakh (India) medicinal plant use

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Jammu & Kashmir (J&K) is a predominantly Himalayan state in the north-western part of India. It has three geographically distinct divisions viz., Jammu, Kashmir and Ladakh, which are immensely rich in their biological and cultural diversity. Medicinal plants are an important element of indigenous medical system of the region. The main goal of the present article is to examine the use of ethnomedicinal plants in three divisions of J&K and to discuss cross-cultural consensus on the use of medicinal plants in these divisions. The article also discusses the gaps in the current state of knowledge on ethnomedicinal plants of the region and gives recommendations for the future studies.

Materials and Methods

Scientific literature on ethnomedicinal field studies conducted in J&K state of India available in the journals, edited books and other scientific databases viz., CAB international, DOAJ, Google Scholar, PubMed, Science direct, SciFinder, Scopus and Web of Science were searched. Only field based ethnomedicinal surveys from last four decades up to December 2013 reporting first hand information on the medicinal plants used to treat human health related ailments by indigenous communities of J&K were included in this study. Venn diagram was used to analyze the cross-cultural consensus on the use of ethnomedicinal plants in the three divisions of J&K.

Results

A total of 948 plant taxa (923 angiosperms, 12 gymnosperms and 13 pteridophytes) belonging to 129 families, 509 genera, 937 species and 11 varieties have so far been reported to have a traditional medicinal use by indigenous communities of J&K. Asteraceae (60 genera, 132 spp.) was the most frequently used family followed by Fabaceae (32 genera, 50 spp.) and Lamiaceae (27 genera, 55 spp.). 514, 415 and 397 medicinal plants were used in Jammu, Kashmir and Ladakh divisions, respectively. Sixty eight plant taxa were used in all the three divisions, whereas 95 plants were common between Ladakh and Jammu, 127 plants between Ladakh and Kashmir, and 216 plants between Jammu and Kashmir. Maximum numbers of plant taxa were used for treating dermatological problems (321), followed by cold, cough and throat related ailments (250), fever (224), joint and muscle related ailments (215), gastrointestinal disorders (210), urogenital ailments (199), respiratory ailments (151), body pain (135) and gynecological disorders (127).

Conclusions

This is the first study from the J&K state, which has examined the medicinal plant use in three divisions of J&K and discussed the promising medicinal plant species with cross-cultural consensus. The analysis of the data suggested that while large numbers of plants are used medicinally in each division, there is a low interregional consensus and high variation between medicinal plants used in these divisions, which is due to both cultural divergence as well as biological distinctness. The issues related to current status of knowledge on medicinal plants used by indigenous communities of J&K have been discussed and some recommendations have been made for future studies on medicinal plants in J&K region.