Pathogenic characteristics of Th17 cells based on IL-17 signaling pathway in regulation of sebaceous gland lipoprotein metabolism in acne rat model

Background: Acne is a common and chronic inflammatory dermatosis of sebaceous gland units of the human hair follicle. Acne is closely related to immune cytokines and cells including T helper 17cells (Th17 cells). Mis-regulated glycolipid metabolism also plays a vital role in the process. Objective: This investigation aimed to explore the role of IL-17 in signaling pathways controlling sebaceous gland lipoprotein metabolism in a rat model of acne. Methods: We generated the rat ear acne model, and investigated the pathological changes of acne skin tissue by histological analysis and the changes in the critical factors including DEFB1, GPR65, FADS1, and FADS2 by Western Blot in this model. Results: There were more Th17 cells in the rat ear acne model than in the control mice. The expression levels of DEFB1, GPR65, FADS1, FADS2 and MOGAT1 were significantly upregulated in serum and tissue from rat acne model, which could be concluded that the Th17 cells play a major role in the pathogenesis of acne based. Conclusion: Although acne is associated with immune effects and glycolipid metabolism, inhibition of IL-17 signaling pathway might be a novel way for acne therapy. Our findings also suggest a new strategy for targeted therapy of acne.     

甲状腺外科归属的改革只是开始

甲状腺外科传统上是普通外科的范畴,Kocher开展了甲状腺手术。19世纪当欧洲形成外科中心时,外科手术无所不包。著名的奥地利Billroth医师做了喉、食管、腹部手术,创立了今日仍在应用的胃大部切除Ⅰ式、Ⅱ式。美国医师到欧洲学习后,立即在美国发展了外科,进一步的开展了分支学科手术,建立了各外科亚科学会（subspecialfzatfon）,确立了分科（亚科）医师的学术技术标准。专业委员会证书（Board certification）成为医学专科医师的质量保证,今天的外科已经达到Billroth时代所不能想象的临床高水平。这是随着时代发展患者在医疗上的需要,是与时俱进的结果。有些医师不能跟上时代理念,导致有的外科医师哀叹普通外科一统天下的局面已经一去不复返,国内也有相同反应,因此出现了个别普通外科医师对于耳鼻咽喉头颈外科医师进入甲状腺外科持抵制态度。但是由于耳鼻咽喉头颈外科已经在全世界发展为区域性外科,为了更有利于患者的医疗需要,颈部及甲状腺手术很自然的纳入这一学科范畴,水到渠成。     

Hisense计算机辅助系统辅助腹腔镜精准手术治疗儿童肾上腺区巨大肿瘤

目的探讨计算机辅助手术系统(computer-aided system,CAS)对于腹腔镜手术切除肾上腺巨大肿瘤(瘤体直径≥5 cm)的指导价值。方法回顾性分析青岛大学附属医院2015年9月至2018年6月收治的13例肾上腺区巨大肿瘤病例,13例术前均完善相关辅助检查并行Hisense CAS三维重建,依据三维重建结果指导完成腹腔镜手术。结果13例肾上腺区巨大肿瘤患儿术前和术中在Hisense CAS三维重建结果的指导下均顺利完成腹腔镜手术。术后病理检查:神经母细胞瘤7例,节细胞性神经母细胞瘤2例,节细胞神经瘤1例,嗜铬细胞瘤2例,肾上腺皮质癌1例。结论Hisense计算机辅助系统能够清晰显示肿瘤位置及其与周围重要脏器结构的毗邻关系,可用于指导手术治疗儿童肾上腺区巨大肿瘤。     

良性甲状腺疾病再次手术25例临床分析

目的探讨良性甲状腺疾病再次手术的原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析1994年-2004年我院收治的良性甲状腺疾病再次手术25例患者的临床资料.结果再次手术的25例患者中,甲状腺次全切除19例,一侧次全切除加对侧全切除1例,单侧全切除加峡部切除2例,一侧或双侧部分切除3例,术后无严重并发症.结论良性甲状腺疾病术后复发是再手术的主要原因,选择合理的术式有助于减少再次手术.     

Parasitic leiomyoma in the trocar site after laparoscopic myomectomy: A case report

BACKGROUNDLaparoscopic myomectomy is increasingly used for resecting gynecological tumors. Leiomyomas require morcellation for retrieval from the peritoneal cavity. However, morcellated fragments may implant on the peritoneal cavity during retrieval. These fragments may receive a new blood supply from an adjacent structure and develop into parasitic leiomyomas. Parasitic leiomyomas can occur spontaneously or iatrogenically; however, trocar-site implantation is an iatrogenic complication of laparoscopic uterine surgery. We describe a parasitic leiomyoma in the trocar-site after laparoscopic myomectomy with power morcellation.CASE SUMMARYA 50-year-old woman presented with a palpable abdominal mass without significant medical history. The patient had no related symptoms, such as abdominal pain. Computed tomography findings revealed a well-defined contrast-enhancing mass measuring 2.2 cm, and located on the trocar site of the left abdominal wall. She had undergone laparoscopic removal of uterine fibroids with power morcellation six years ago. The differential diagnosis included endometriosis and neurogenic tumors, such as neurofibroma. The radiologic diagnosis was a desmoid tumor, and surgical excision of the mass on the abdominal wall was successfully performed. The patient recovered from the surgery without complications. Histopathological examination revealed that the specimen resected from the trocar site was a uterine leiomyoma.CONCLUSIONClinicians should consider the risks and benefits of laparoscopic vs laparotomic myomectomy for gynecological tumors. Considerable caution must be exercised for morcellation to avoid excessive tissue fragmentation.     

成人表皮干细胞和汗腺细胞的体外分离和培养

背景：人表皮干细胞和汗腺细胞的分离培养及鉴定,为探讨人表皮干细胞再生汗腺的可行性打下基础。目的：探讨体外分离培养人表皮干细胞及汗腺细胞的有效方法。方法：采集不同年龄段的泌尿外科患者术后包皮组织,充分清洗消毒后去除皮下组织,将其修剪成0.5cm×0.5cm的皮片,用Ⅳ型胶原纯化、富集成人表皮干细胞,倒置相差显微镜观察细胞形态：使用免疫荧光染色对成人表皮干细胞表型进行分析;CCK-8检测细胞的增殖曲线;采用胶原酶消化法从人全层无损伤皮肤中分离提取汗腺细胞,并进行扩增和鉴定。结果：倒置相差显微镜下见分离培养的成人表皮干细胞呈卵圆形、细胞之间紧密相连,呈铺路石状,免疫荧光染色显示细胞表达CK19、β1整合素。倒置相差显微镜下见汗腺细胞呈扁平多角形,表达汗腺细胞标志细胞CK7、18、19及CEA。结论：本实验结果说明胶原酶消化法分离培养成人表皮干细胞及汗腺样细胞是可行的。     

脂肪囊内解剖途径在后腹腔镜肾上腺肿瘤切除术中的应用

目的 探讨脂肪囊内解剖途径在后腹腔镜肾上腺手术的临床应用价值.方法 2013年5月至2015年12月,采用后腹腔镜技术经脂肪囊内解剖途径血管区,行肾上腺及腺瘤切除术65例.男性35例,女性30例,年龄25～ 70岁.原发性醛固酮增多症15例,库兴综合征14例,嗜铬细胞瘤5例,副神经节瘤10例,髓脂瘤12例,其他单纯无功能皮质腺瘤9例;瘤体直径范围1.5 ～8.0 cm.这些病例手术均通过后腹腔镜经脂肪囊内途径完成.结果 本组65例手术均顺利完成.单侧手术时间25 ～ 150 min,术中估计出血量15 ～ 300 mL,术后住院时间3～8d.术后随访至今,未发现肿瘤复发.结论 依据脂肪囊内途径的解剖步骤,术中出血少,解剖层次清楚,较好避免术中腹膜损伤.脂肪囊内途径后腹腔镜手术是治疗肾上腺外科一个有益尝试.     

后腹腔镜治疗肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤

目的 评价后腹腔镜肾上腺切除治疗嗜铬细胞瘤的临床价值.方法 对本院2000年2月～2008年12月25例后腹腔镜治疗肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤的临床资料进行回顾性分析.左侧15例,右侧10例,肿瘤直径3.0 - 5.6 cm,平均4.2 cm.结果 除3例因出血和肿瘤粘连严重中转开放手术外,其余22例均成功切除肿瘤.手术时间67～210min,平均123min;手术出血量50～450mL,平均120mL;术中下腔静脉破裂2例,均在腹腔镜下完成修补;1例术后24小时死于继发出血.术后病理诊断24 例为良性肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤,1例为低度恶性肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤.术后住院时间8～20天,平均12天.随访5～36个月,平均12个月,除1 例需口服降压药外,其余血压恢复正常,24 小时尿VMA 检查正常,无远期并发症,未见肿瘤复发.结论 后腹腔镜肾上腺肿瘤切除术对最大径<6cm肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤安全、有效、创伤少、出血少、恢复快.术前准备和术后处理在治疗嗜铬细胞瘤的过程中具有重要价值.     

不同手术方式治疗腮腺多形性腺瘤的临床分析

目的 比较两种不同手术方式治疗腮腺多形性腺瘤术后的并发症.方法 69例腮腺多形性腺瘤患者分为两组,一组采用传统的术式,即保留面神经,肿瘤及腮腺切除术;另一组采取功能性腮腺切除术,即肿瘤及腮腺部分切除术.通过3个月～8年的随访,观察术后味觉出汗综合征(Frey综合征)、涎瘘、面瘫、面部外形及复发等情况.结果 传统的术式组,面瘫、Frey综合征和面部外形明显不对称的发生率分别为26.47%、58.82%和17.64%;功能性腮腺切除术组的发生率分别为8.57%、25.71%和2.80%,三种并发症两组间比较有统计学差异(P＜0.05),后者术后并发症的发生率明显低于前者.结论 功能性腮腺切除术即肿瘤及腮腺部分切除术克服了传统腮腺手术的缺陷,值得临床推广.