人参皂苷Rg1对大鼠视神经损伤病理改变的实验研究

目的研究人参皂苷Rg1对大鼠视神经损伤的影响。方法制作大鼠视神经损伤模型,设置实验组和对照组,腹腔注射人参皂苷Rg1,10mg／kg,连续注射20d,取视神经损伤眼和对照眼球及球后视神经,HE染色、SABC法免疫组织化学染色：Bcl-2、Neurocan表达情况。结果HE染色显示健康大鼠视神经组织细胞和视神经损伤组形态学有差异。免疫化学提示视神经损伤后神经细胞凋亡明显增多,人参皂苷Rg1腹腔注射能够明显改善细胞凋亡情况。视神经损伤后神经纤维蛋白表达明显增多,可能部分与其改善细胞凋亡情况有关,但机制尚不清楚。结论人参皂苷Rg1对大鼠视神经损有保护作用。     

富集纯化前上样液参数影响三七皂苷类成分的研究

目的 考察富集纯化前上样液参数pH值、氯化钠浓度、时间等对三七皂苷类成分的影响.方法 用UV、TLSC分别测定3种不同上样液在不同时间段的三七总皂苷、人参皂苷Rg1、人参皂苷Rb1、三七皂苷R1的含量.结果 3种上样液放置72 h后,人参皂苷Rg1含量均增加(P＜0.01);三七皂苷R1含量均减少(P＜0.05);人参皂苷Rb含量变化无差异;pH5.5上样液和pH 7.0上样液中的总皂苷含量均增加(P＜0.05),pH5.5且含4％氯化钠的上样液中总皂苷含量无明显变化.结论 在富集纯化过程中,上样液的pH值、无机盐浓度和时间对皂苷类成分含量变化有影响.     

高效液相色谱法测定人参补气胶囊中人参皂苷的含量

目的建立人参补气胶囊中人参皂苷Rg1的高效液相色谱检测方法。方法高效液相色谱条件为:色谱柱:DiamonsilC18(150nm×4.6nm,5μm),流动相:乙腈-水(25︰75),紫外检测波长:204nm,流速为1.0mL/min,柱温为30℃,进样量为10μL。结果以峰面积A为纵坐标,浓度C为横坐标,计算得到回归方程Y=793513X-7482,R2=0.9997,结果显示人参皂苷Rg1在0.100~0.902mg/mL浓度范围内,其浓度与峰面积具有良好的线性关系,另外本法测定的精密度、稳定性、重复性及加样回收率考察均具有较好结果。结论本研究建立的人参补气胶囊中人参皂苷含量的高效液相色谱法具有快速、稳定性,可以用于本药物中人参皂苷Rg1的含量测定。     

人参总皂甙对脑出血后内源性神经干细胞增殖的影响

目的:探讨人参总皂甙对脑出血内源性神经干细胞(NSCs)增殖的影响。方法:SD大鼠随机分为人参总皂甙和单纯脑出血组各20只,3、7、14、28、60d各4只,应用立体定向技术,用大鼠自体尾动脉不抗凝血液75μl缓慢注入大鼠尾状核,制成中等量脑出血模型,两组术后饲养不同时间后观察神经干细胞增殖情况,术后第1d开始腹腔注射人参总皂甙,连续注射14d,分别在术后3、7、14、28、60d处死,运用免疫组织化学方法检测脑出血后各组损伤区周围神经干细胞的增殖情况。结果:两组在3、7d未发现NSCs增殖,14、28、60d组发现少量的NSCs增殖,人参总皂甙组14、28、60d均较单纯出血组神经干细胞明显增殖(P<0.01)。结论:脑出血后神经干细胞被激活增殖,人参总皂甙对脑出血后神经干细胞的增殖有促进作用和改善运动功能。     

大七厘散质量标准的研究

目的建立大七散的质量标准。方法采用高效液相色谱法对大七厘散中的主要成分人参皂苷Rg1进行定量分析,λ=203nm;同时对制剂中其他主要药材大黄、冰片、当归尾进行薄层鉴别。结果能准确对大黄、冰片、当归尾进行定性鉴别;人参皂苷Rg1在0．5710-4．2840ug范围呈良好线性关系。结论本方法快速、简便、准确、重现性好。     

Metabolomic strategy to study therapeutic and synergistic effects of tanshinone IIA, salvianolic acid B and ginsenoside Rb1 in myocardial ischemia rats

Aim of the study

Tanshinone IIA (T), salvianolic acid B (S) and ginsenoside Rb1 (G) are the three major active ingredients of Compound Danshen Formula (CDF) for its protective effects on myocardial ischemia (MI). In this study, we aimed to investigate therapeutic and synergistic effects of TSG (combination of T, S and G) on MI rats with metabolomic strategy.

Materials and methods

MI model were induced in Sprague-Dawley rats by left anterior descending coronary artery ligation. MI rats were respectively administrated T, S, G, TSG and CDF. Plasma was analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS). Partial least squares discriminate analysis (PLS-DA) models were built to evaluate the therapeutic and synergistic effects of TSG at whole level. 22 MI biomarkers in rat plasma were also investigated to explain that.

Results

TSG brings nearly equal therapeutic effects on MI as CDF and it plays more stable regulated action on those 22 identified metabolites than single compound.

Conclusions

Overall, there were few methods for the study of synergistic effects of Chinese medicine. Our results suggested that metabolomics offers a new idea for Chinese medicine research.     

Korean red ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) root fractions: differential effects on postprandial glycemia in healthy individuals

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Variations in ginsenoside profile may predict the postprandial glucose (PPG)-lowering efficacy of ginseng. Previously we reported differential PPG-lowering effects with two Korean red ginseng (KRG) root.

Fractions

body and rootlets, of variable ginsenoside profiles. Whether this effect is reproducible with a different KRG source is unclear. We therefore tested two root fractions from a KRG source with elevated ginsenoside levels to assess its effect on PPG.

Materials and Methods

After a 12-h overnight fast, 13 healthy individuals (6M:7F; age = 28 ± 10 y; BMI = 24.1 ± 3 kg/m2; FBG = 4.77 ± 0.04 mmol/L) randomly received either 3 g of KRG-body, rootlets or placebo, on three separate visits. Treatments were consumed 60 min prior to a standard test meal with capillary blood samples at −60, 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 min.

Results

The KRGrootlets had > 6 fold total ginsensosides than the KRG-body but did not significantly affect PPG. Despite a reduced ginsenoside profile, KRG-body lowered PPG levels at 45, 60, 90 and 120 min during the test (p < 0.05), rendering an overall reduction of 27% in incremental area under the glucose curve compared to the control (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

Comparing the results with a previously studied batch of KRG suggests a potential therapeutic dose range for ginsenosides. This observation should be clinically verified with acute screening and ginsenoside composition analysis.     

Amplified immune response by ginsenoside-based nanoparticles (ginsomes)

We describe here a novel adjuvant of ginsenoside-based nanoparticles (ginsomes) and its activity for up-regulation of immune response in mice. Ginsomes were assembled during removal of the detergent by dialysis in presence of ginseng saponins extracted from the root of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer, cholesterol and phosphatidyl choline. The nanoparticles were spherical with diameters ranging from 70 to 107 nm, and contained ginsenosides Rb2, Rc, Rb1 and Rd. When co-administered with a model antigen ovalbumin (OVA) in ICR mice, ginsomes at a dose range from 10 to 250 μg promoted significantly higher IgG responses than OVA alone. Co-administration of ginsomes with OVA also significantly increased the levels of specific IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b and IgG3, as well as T and B lymphocyte proliferation in response to Con A, LPS and OVA than when OVA was used alone. The enhanced IgG titer and subclass levels paralleled the increased production of IFN-γ (Th1 cytokine) and IL-5 (Th2 cytokine). Therefore, ginsomes as an adjuvant have up-regulated both Th1 and Th2 immune responses.     

高效液相色谱法测定调经养颜片中人参皂苷Rg_1的含量

目的:研究调经养颜片(黄芪、女贞子等)中人参皂苷Rg1的含量测定方法。方法:采用高效液相色谱法测定人参皂苷Rg1的含量。结果:人参皂苷Rg1的平均加样回收率为97.89%,RSD为1.1(n=6),在0.4μg~10μg范围内,有良好线性关系(r=0.9991)。结论:该方法简便、灵敏、重复性好,可作为调经养颜片中人参皂苷Rg1的含量测定方法。     

人参皂苷Rg1对缺血性脑卒中大鼠脑组织Fas和Caspase-3蛋白表达的影响

目的:探讨人参皂苷Rg1对缺血性脑卒中大鼠脑组织膜蛋白(Fas)、胱天蛋白酶(Caspase-3)表达的影响及其意义。方法:将大鼠随机分为假手术组、缺血性脑卒中组、人参皂苷Rg110、20、40mg/kg组、尼莫地平1mg/kg药物对照组,采用大脑中动脉闭塞法建立缺血性脑卒中模型;应用免疫组化法检测脑组织Fas、Caspase-3的表达。结果:人参皂苷Rg1各剂量组及尼莫地平组大鼠脑组织Fas、Caspase-3表达阳性细胞数明显低于缺血性脑卒中组(P<0.05)。结论:人参皂苷Rg1防治大鼠缺血性脑卒中损伤的机制可能与抑制脑组织Fas、Caspase-3表达有关,且以高剂量效果较好。