西洋参、红参X射线衍射傅里叶指纹图谱鉴定

目的:建立X射线衍射傅里叶(Fourier)指纹图谱鉴定西洋参与红参。方法:对28个西洋参样品,14个红参样品粉碎,建立指纹图并寻找指纹图共同的几何拓扑。结果:西洋参有34个(进口)和39个(国产)特征标记峰,红参有52个(朝鲜)和48个(国产)特征标记峰,它们几何拓扑无差异。结论:微观衍射物理图象鉴定人参类药材是可行的。     

人参多糖体外诱导人非小细胞肺癌A549细胞凋亡的实验研究

目的研究人参多糖体外对人非小细胞肺癌A549细胞增殖及凋亡的作用。方法应用MTT法、流式细胞仪、Annexin V-PI双标、Hoechest荧光染色、TUNEL法等多种方法,体外研究人参多糖对A549细胞的凋亡作用；采用免疫组化的方法,观察药物作用后bcl-2表达的变化。结果人参多糖对A549细胞生长具有抑制作用,并有促凋亡效应；对细胞周期的影响表现为G_0/G_1期的阻滞,未见bcl-2表达的下调。电镜和Hoechst、TUNEL法都可观察到凋亡形态学的改变。结论人参多糖可抑制人非小细胞肺癌A549细胞的生长,并诱导细胞发生凋亡,这有可能是人参多糖抗肿瘤作用机制之一,其凋亡的发生与bcl-2的表达无明显关系。     

RP-HPLC测定参芍软胶囊中人参皂苷Rg1和Re的含量

目的建立参芍软胶囊中人参皂苷Rg1和Re的含量测定方法。方法以人参皂苷Rg1和Re为对照品,用RP-HPLC测定人参皂苷Rg1和Re的含量。结果人参皂苷Rg1线性范围0.54~5.4μg,回收率为98.99%,RSD=0.98%;人参皂苷Re线性范围1.02~10.2μg,回收率为99.59%,RSD=0.96%。结论此方法简单、准确、快速,可作为参芍软胶囊的质量控制方法。     

羊参口服液对D-半乳糖致亚急性衰老大鼠睾丸的影响

目的了解淫羊藿和人参须组成的羊参口服液对D-半乳糖致亚急性衰老模型大鼠睾丸的影响。方法33只3月龄雄性sD大鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型组、羊参口服液用药组。模型组用D-半乳糖连续皮下注射（100mg／k州，共90d）造成亚急性衰老大鼠模型，羊参口服液用药组用D-半乳糖同样方法造模后，灌胃给予羊参口服液（1ml／100g，共90d）。实验结束后计算睾丸脏器系数，检测睾丸组织中SOD的含量、MDA含量，HE染色观察睾丸生精小管的形态结构。结果衰老大鼠睾丸组织SOD含量明显下降，MDA含量明显升高（与正常大鼠相比较P〈0．05），睾丸生精小管管腔变狭窄，生精细胞层数减少、细胞稀疏。羊参口服液组可明显抑制衰老大鼠睾丸组织SOD含量的下降及MDA含量的升高，并能明显改善衰老大鼠睾丸生精小管的形态结构。结论羊参口服液可明显改善衰老大鼠睾丸的功能，具有-定延缓衰老的作用。     

参茸鞭丸等六种含参茸中成药的薄层色谱鉴别

对参茸鞭丸、参茸丸、参茸安神丸、参茸卫生丸、人参女金丸、人参益母丸６种中成药中所含人参、鹿茸贵重药材进行了薄层色谱鉴别，为制定检测方法及质量标准提供依据     

99mTc-MIBI检测肺癌耐药性的作用研究

目的拟探讨99mTc-MIBI能否检测肺腺癌A549DDP细胞的耐药性及人参单体Rh2作用后A549DDP细胞对顺铂耐药性的变化.方法用MTT法检测顺铂对敏感A549细胞和耐药A549DDP细胞的IC50、对A549DDP细胞的低效浓度(≤IC20),Rh2对A549DDP细胞的无毒浓度(≤IC5).以无毒浓度Rh2和低效浓度的顺铂联合作用于A549DDP细胞,检测Rh2对顺铂抑制A549DDP细胞的影响.以无毒浓度的Rh2单独作用于A549DDP细胞作为Rh2组,以低效浓度的顺铂单独作用于A549DDP细胞作为DDP组,以无毒浓度的Rh2和低效浓度的顺铂联合作用于A549DDP细胞作为Rh2+DDP组,以不加药物干预作为对照组,Hoechst33258染色荧光显微镜下观察细胞形态的变化,流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡峰.γ计数器检测以上4组细胞及A549细胞的放射性活性.将以上细胞注入裸鼠皮下建模后,用99mTc-MIBI进行SPECT显像.结果順铂对A549细胞、A549DDP细胞的IC50分别为24、325 μmol/L,耐药指数为13.54.Rh2≤10 μmol/L时,对A549DDP细胞无明显毒性作用;100 μmol/L顺铂对A549DDP细胞的抑制率为12%.10 μmol/L Rh2与100 μmol/L顺铂联合作用,顺铂对A549DDP细胞的IC50降为94 μmol/L,与100 μmol/L顺铂单独作用于A549DDP细胞的IC50比,逆转3.5倍.荧光显微镜下,Rh2组和DDP组的大部分细胞核和对照组的一样,荧光分布均匀;Rh2+DDP组的荧光成团块分布,有凋亡小体形成.对照组、Rh2组和DDP组的细胞无明显凋亡峰,而Rh2+DDP组则出现了显著的凋亡峰.各组A549DDP细胞和A549细胞均能摄取99mTc-MIBI,Rh2组和DDP组与对照组之间细胞的放射性活性差异无统计学意义,而Rh2+DDP组则较对照组细胞的放射性活性显著性降低,P<0.05.A549细胞的放射性活性显著性高于A549DDP细胞的对照组,P<0.01.99mTc-MIBI 显像,A549组裸鼠可见瘤块的放射性浓聚影.A549DDP对照组和DDP组裸鼠亦可见瘤块的放射性浓聚影,其放射性浓度较A549组淡,这两组间的R或R′差异无统计学意义,但与A549组比较,P<0.05.DDP+Rh2组裸鼠无肿瘤生长,局部未见明显放射性浓聚影.结论 99mTc-MIBI能检测肺腺癌耐药的A549DDP细胞的耐药性;无毒浓度的Rh2能有效逆转A549DDP细胞对顺铂的耐药性,这种耐药性的变化亦能被99mTc-MIBI有效检测.     

人参的分析——Ⅲ.人参单体皂甙的提取分离与薄层光密度法测定

本文用高效液相制备柱色谱法从我国园参根中分离出Rb₁等五种主要皂甙。以此为对照品用硅胶G薄层展开,15%硫酸—硫酸氢铵乙醇饱和溶液显色后光密度法测定。并用此法对我国白参、三七与朝鲜红参、西洋参、美国野参等亲缘生药中皂甙含量进行了分析比较。     

Protective effect of fermented Red ginseng on a transient focal ischemic rats

Red ginseng and fermented red ginseng were prepared, and their composition of ginsenosides and antiischemic effect were investigated. When ginseng was steamed at 98-100 degrees C for 4 h and dried for 5 h at 60 degrees C, and extracted with alcohol, its main components were ginsenoside Rg3> ginsenoside Rb1 > ginsenoside Rb2. When the ginseng was suspended in water and fermented for 5 days by previously cultured Bifidobacterium H-1 and freeze-dried (fermented red ginseng), its main components were compound K > ginsenoside Rg3 > or = ginsenoside Rh2. Orally administered red ginseng extract did not protect ischemia-reperfusion brain injury. However, fermented red ginseng significantly protected ischemica-reperfusion brain injury. These results suggest that ginsenoside Rh2 and compound K, which was found to be at a higher content in fermented red ginseng than red ginseng, may improve ischemic brain injury.     

Effects of ginsenosides Rg<Subscript>3</Subscript> and Rh<Subscript>2</Subscript> on the proliferation of prostate cancer cells

Ginseng has an anti-cancer effect in several cancer models. This study was to characterize active constituents of ginseng and their effects on proliferation of prostate cancer cell lines, LNCaP and PC3. Cell proliferation was measured by [3H]thymidine incorporation, the intracellular calcium concentration by a dual-wavelength spectrophotometer system, effects on mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases by Western blotting, and cell attachment and morphologic changes were observed under a microscope. Among 11 ginsenosides tested, ginsenosides Rg3 and Rh2 inhibited the proliferation of prostate cancer cells. EC50s of Rg3 and Rh2 on PC3 cells were 8.4 microM and 5.5 microM, respectively, and 14.1 microM and 4.4 microM on LNCaP cells, respectively. Both ginsenosides induced cell detachment and modulated three modules of MAP kinases activities differently in LNCaP and PC3 cells. These results suggest that ginsenosides Rg3 and Rh2-induced cell detachment and inhibition of the proliferation of prostate cancer cells may be associated with modulation of three modules of MAP kinases.     

Modulation of cognition and mood following administration of single doses of Ginkgo biloba,ginseng, and a ginkgo/ginseng combination to healthy young adults

It has previously been demonstrated in separate studies that single doses of Ginkgo biloba, Panax ginseng, and a combination of the two extracts can improve different aspects of cognitive performance in healthy young volunteers. The present study directly compared the effects of single doses of G. biloba, ginseng, and a product combining the two on aspects of mood and cognitive performance in the same cohort of healthy, young adult volunteers. The study followed a randomised placebo-controlled, double-blind, balanced, cross-over design. Twenty participants received 360 mg of ginkgo, 400 mg of ginseng, 960 mg of a product combining the two extracts, and a matching placebo. Treatment order was dictated by random allocation to a Latin square, with a 7-day wash-out period between treatments. Cognitive testing comprised completion of the Cognitive Drug Research (CDR) computerised assessment battery and two serial subtraction mental arithmetic tasks. Mood was assessed with Bond-Lader visual analogue scales. Following a baseline cognitive assessment, further test sessions took place 1, 2.5, 4, and 6 h after the day's treatment was taken. The results largely supported previous findings. All three treatments were associated with improved secondary memory performance on the CDR battery, with the ginseng condition evincing some improvement in the speed of performing memory tasks and in the accuracy of attentional tasks. Following ginkgo and the ginkgo/ginseng combination performance of both the Serial Threes and Serial Sevens, subtraction tasks was also improved at the later testing sessions. No modulation of the speed of performing attention tasks was evident. Improvements in self-rated mood was also found following ginkgo and to a lesser extent the combination product.