Investigation of molecular factors associated with malignant transformation of oligodendroglioma by proteomic study of a single case of rapid tumor progression

Purpose Frozen tumor tissues from a patient who showed rapid progression to anaplastic oligodendroglioma after near total resection of oligodendroglioma were used to examine differential expression of proteins to gain better understanding of the pathogenesis of malignant transformation. Methods We have determined their protein profiles using a 2D gel electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry approach. Results Among 23 differentially expressed spots, overexpression of peroxiredoxin 6 and underexpression of rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha were confirmed to be valid after western blot and immunocytochemical analysis of oligodendroglioma tissue. Conclusions Abnormal expression of peroxiredoxin 6 and rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha may be associated with malignant transformation in oligodendroglioma and these proteins might be candidates of molecular predictive factors.     

Radioimmunoguided surgery using the monoclonal antibody B72.3 in colorectal tumors

The authors have developed a hand-held gamma-detecting probe (GDP) for intraoperative use that improves the sensitivity of external radioimmunodetection. Radiolabeled monoclonal antibody (MAb) B72.3 was injected in six patients with primary colorectal cancer and 31 patients with recurrent colorectal cancer an average of 16 days preoperatively. The GDP localized the MAb B72.3 in 83 percent of sites. The technique, known as a radioimmunoguided surgery (RIGS^TM) system did not alter the surgical procedure in patients with primary colorectal cancer but did alter the approach in 26 percent (8/31) of patients with recurrent colorectal cancer. Two patients avoided unnecessary liver resections and two underwent extraabdominal approaches to document their disease. The RIGS system may influence the short-term morbidity and mortality of surgery for colorectal cancer. Larger series and longer follow-up are needed to determine whether the RIGS system confers a survival advantage to the patient with colorectal cancer. Read at the meeting of the American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons, Washington, D.C., April 5 to 10, 1987.     

Does Tobacco Affect Economy?

Objective: The still debatable contribution of tobacco to the economy demands further discussion as tobacco remains controversial commodity due to its adverse health impacts. This paper aims to investigate the relationship between tobacco and the economy using macroeconomics indicators such as unemployment, inflation, and GDP growth. As a comparison, we include the tobacco price bands in USA because the sector is one of dominant affecting the economy and the price in some main areas in America is incredibly competitive. Methods: This paper use tobacco data and Macroeconomics Indicators from Euromonitor International and World Bank Data. We extend linear regression models by controlling both the serial correlation and endogeneity bias problems. We also observe the properties in the ARMA(2,2) data generating process. Results: We document that tobacco tends to affect the USA’s future economy but not Indonesia. In our robustness check, we conduct a SUR analysis to control the contemporaneous correlations among Asian markets. We further document that tobacco variables tend not to affect the economy in the Asian markets. Conclusion: Our results show that the contribution of tobacco commodity to the economy is overstated. Therefore, the comprehensive and massive tobacco control implementations should be undertaken hence is relevant to put into actions.     

GDP方案治疗复发性或难治性非霍奇金淋巴瘤临床分析

目的：观察GDP方案（GEM＋DDP＋DXM）治疗复发性或难治性非霍奇金淋巴瘤的疗效和不良反应。方法：2008年1月至2010年3月安徽医科大学附属六安医院肿瘤中心收治的23例复发性或难治性非霍奇金淋巴瘤患者,给予吉西他滨（GEM）1000 mg/m2静脉滴注,d1,8;顺铂（DDP）25mg/m2静脉滴注,d1-3;地塞米松（DXM）20-40mg静脉滴注,d1-3,21天为1周期,2个周期后评价疗效,并随访疾病进展情况。结果：23例患者中,14例缓解（60.9%）,其中完全缓解5例（21.7%）,部分缓解9例（39.1%）。23例患者中位肿瘤进展时间（TTP）为5.0个月（95%CI：3-8个月）。主要不良反应为骨髓抑制和轻中度消化道反应。骨髓抑制表现为3-4级白细胞减少2例;3-4级血红蛋白减少1例;3-4级血小板减少1例,并发出血。结论：GDP方案治疗复发性或难治性非霍奇金淋巴瘤是一个有效,相对不良反应较轻的二线挽救方案。     

GDP方案联合放疗治疗难治性NHL疗效及毒性分析

目的观察GDP方案联合放疗治疗难治性非霍奇金淋巴瘤（NHL）疗效及毒性反应。方法CHOP方案化疗3周期未获完全缓解的NHL患者43例,随机分成GDP方案治疗组和GDP方案联合放疗组。观察两组的肿瘤有效率、白细胞和血小板抑制率、治疗后白细胞和血小板的恢复时间。结果化疗组和化疗联合放疗组总有效率分别为22．7％、66．7％,差异有极显著性（x2=8．41,P〈0．01）;3度以上白细胞抑制率分别为22．7％、52．4％,差异有显著性（x2=4．04,P〈0．05）;3度以上血小板抑制率分别为31．8％、42．9％,差异无显著性（x2=0．56,P〉0．05）;C—CSF治疗后白细胞恢复时间分别为（3．6±1．5）天、（5．7±2．3）天,差异有极显著性（x2=3．563,P〈0．01）;IL—11治疗后血小板恢复时间分别为（6．5±2．6）天、（12．3±4．1）天,差异有极显著性（t=-5．567,P〈0．01）。结论GDP方案联合放疗可提高难治性NHL的肿瘤有效率,但3度以上白细胞抑制率增加、白细胞和血小板的恢复时间延长。     

雷那度胺联合GDP方案治疗老年复发难治性T细胞性非霍奇金淋巴瘤的临床疗效

目的:观察雷那度胺联合GDP方案（吉西他滨+顺铂+地塞米松）治疗老年复发难治性T细胞性非霍奇金淋巴瘤（T-NHL）的疗效。方法:收集15例复发难治性T-NHL,给予吉西他滨1 000mg/m2,第1天和第8天;顺铂25mg/m2,第1~3天;地塞米松20mg/m2,第1~5天,21天为1个周期。同时雷那度胺10mg日一次口服,每3周停1周。结果:治疗总有效率73.3%（11/15）,其中完全缓解率33.3%（5/15）,部分缓解率40.0%（6/15）,病情稳定13.3%（2/15）,疾病进展13.3%（2/15）;化疗前后B类症状发生率为73.3%vs 26.7%（P=0.021）。1 年无进展生存率（PFS）为46.7%(7/15),2年PFS为20.0%(3/15),1年总生存率（OS）66.7%（10/15）,2年OS 26.7%(4/15)。不良反应主要为血液学毒性、消化道反应、肝功能损害、皮疹。结论:雷那度胺联合GDP方案是治疗老年复发难治性T-NHL较为安全有效的化疗方案。     

HMBA depolymerizes microtubules, activates mitotic checkpoints and induces mitotic block in MCF-7 cells by binding at the colchicine site in tubulin

10-[(3-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzylidene)]-9(10H)-anthracenone (HMBA), a synthetic compound, has been reported to have a potent antitumor activity. In this study, we found that HMBA depolymerized microtubules in MCF-7 cells and produced aberrant spindles in the MCF-7 cells. It also reduced the distance between the centrosomes and activated the mitotic checkpoint proteins BubR1 and Mad2. Further, HMBA inhibited the progression of MCF-7 cells in mitosis and induced apoptotic cell death involving p53 pathway. In vitro, HMBA bound to purified brain tubulin with a dissociation constant of 4.1 ± 0.9 μM. It inhibited microtubule assembly and increased the GTP hydrolysis rate of microtubule assembly. The compound did not alter the binding of 2′(or 3′)-O-(trinitrophenyl) guanosine 5′-triphosphate (TNP-GTP), a fluorescent analogue of GTP, to tubulin suggesting that it did not inhibit the binding of GTP to tubulin. However, we obtained evidence indicating that HMBA perturbed the conformation of the GTP binding site in tubulin. In addition, an analysis of the modified Dixon plot suggested that HMBA competitively inhibited the binding of colchicine to tubulin. A computational analysis of the binding of HMBA to tubulin supported the finding that HMBA shared its binding site with colchicine in tubulin and indicated that the binding of HMBA to tubulin was primarily stabilized through hydrogen bonding.     

中国卫生总费用占国内生产总值比例的预测研究

本研究的目的是:预测到本世纪末中国卫生总费用(NHE)占国内生产总值(GDP)的比例,考核NHE/GDP能否达到国家提出的5％的发展目标,并据此提出政策建议。研究方法:利用1978～1995年卫生总费用占GDP比例的历史数据,采用ARIMA(0,0,2)模型进行拟和,在检验模型适用性的基础上预测1996～2000年NHE/GDP的比例。结果:ARIMA模型的预测结果提示到2000年NHE/GDP为4.29％,远低于5％的发展目标。结论:ARIMA模型适用于卫生总费用的预测,而且精度高;中国到本世纪末NHE/GDP达到5％的发展目标难度较大;今后应当对建立多种形式的健康保障制度和公共卫生工作加大投入力度。