The Effects of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy on Colonic Anastomosis in Rats With Peritonitis

The aim of this study is to investigate the healing effect of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on colonic anastomoses in the presence of experimentally induced peritonitis. Thirty-two rats were allocated randomly into short-term anastomosis (STA), short-term anastomosis + HBO treatment (STA+HBO), long-term anastomosis (LTA), and long-term anastomosis + HBO (LTA+HBO) treatment groups. The STA and LTA groups were administered fluid resuscitation and antibiotics for 3 and 7 days, respectively, whereas the HBO treatment groups received additional HBO therapy for 3 and 7 days, respectively. The rats were reoperated on the third and the seventh days of anostomoses for evaluation. The bursting pressures in STA+HBO and LTA+HBO therapy groups were significantly higher than those in groups with anastomoses alone (p <. 001 and p <. 01). HBO therapy did not affect the fibrotic index neither in STA nor in LTA groups (p >. 05 for both); however, it was significantly higher in LTA+HBO group than that in STA+HBO group (p <. 05). The hydroxyproline level was significantly higher in LTA group than in STA group (p <. 05), yet HBO therapy did not affect the hydroxyproline levels in STA or LTA groups (p >. 05 for both). It is concluded that hyperbaric oxygen treatment has positive effects on colonic anastomotic healing in case of peritonitis.     

富血小板血浆对大鼠游离脂肪移植物存活的作用

目的 探讨富血小板血浆(platelet rich plasma,PRP)对游离脂肪移植物存活的作用.方法 采用自身配对设计,获取Wistar大鼠脂肪组织和PRP,于24只Wistar大鼠背部分别注射以下3组脂肪移植物:A组为空白对照组;B组为PRP未激活组;C组为PRP激活组.术后1、2、3个月各处死8只大鼠,分别获取3组移植物标本,进行形态学和组织学观察,标本行HE染色,于光镜下观察脂肪组织存活情况,并进行病理学分析.结果 形态学结果显示,术后1个月C组移植物直径明显大于A组(P＜0.05),而移植物体积比较,3组间差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).组织学结果显示,术后1个月,C组小血管密度明显高于A组(P＜0.05),术后3个月,C组炎性反应明显轻于A组和B组(P＜0.05),而其他病理观察指标:脂肪组织完整性、纤维化程度及囊腔空泡形成,在各时间段3组间差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 在Wistar大鼠模型上PRP对游离脂肪移植物的存活无明显促进作用.     

急诊游离髂骨骨皮瓣一期修复下肢骨皮肤缺损

目的探讨急诊游离髂骨骨皮瓣一期修复下肢骨皮肤缺损的优点和可行性,并总结其疗效。方法对6例不同损伤原因造成的下肢部分骨质缺损,伴有不同程度的皮肤损伤,采用急诊游离髂骨骨皮瓣一期修复。皮肤缺损面积5．0cm×6．0cm×7．0cm×12．0cm,骨质缺损3．0cm×5．0cm×4．5cm×5．5cm,皮瓣面积6．0cm×9．0cm-7．0cm×14．0cm,骨质切取面积3．0cm×6．0cm-5．0cm×6．0cm．皮瓣供区全部直接缝合。结果移植骨皮瓣全部成活,术后伤口一期愈合。随访2～16个月（平均10个月）．所有病例骨折均愈合,临床愈合时间6-8周,骨性愈合时间7-10个月。移植骨均未见吸收,未见骨不连及再骨折。移植皮瓣外形良好,二次修薄2例。皮瓣无色素沉着和增生性瘢痕。下肢行走良好。供区一期愈合。结论急诊游离髂骨骨皮瓣修复下肢骨皮肤缺损,一期修复骨质和皮肤缺损,减少住院天数和住院费用,骨愈合快,获得精细的专科修复。     

PNU282987对烧伤休克犬复苏时脂质过氧化损伤和组织含水率的影响

目的：研究α7烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体（α7nAChR）激动剂PNU282987对致死性烧伤休克犬脂质过氧化损伤和组织含水率的影响.方法：成年雄性Beagle犬12只,按完全随机数字表法分为烧伤补液组和烧伤PNU282987组,每组6只.采用凝固汽油燃烧法造成50%总体表面积Ⅲ度烧伤.于伤后0.5 h分别通过颈静脉补液,烧伤补液组给予林格液,烧伤PNU282987组给予等量含有PNU282987 （0.38 mg/kg）的林格液.补液量和速率均根据Parkland公式确定.于伤前和伤后2、4、8、12和24 h颈静脉取血,测定丙二醛（MDA）含量和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性,并于伤后24 h处死动物,留取心、肝、脾、肺、肾和回肠组织,测定组织含水率.结果：两组犬伤后SOD水平显著降低;伤后4 h起烧伤PNU282987组SOD水平显著高于烧伤补液组（P＜0.05）,而单纯烧伤组SOD水平持续降低.两组犬伤后MDA水平均上升,伤后4h起烧伤PNU282987组血浆MDA水平均显著低于烧伤补液组（P＜0.05）.烧伤PNU282987组脏器含水率显著低于烧伤补液组[心：（68.6±1.1）% vs.（78.3±1.8）%;肝：（70.0±1.4）% vs.（ 79.8±0.7）%;脾：（67.2±1.2）% vs.（78.8±0.8）%;肺：（74.3±0.5）% vs.（ 80.2±1.6）%;肾：（71.2±0.8）% vs.（ 80.1±0.9）%;回肠：（68.9±1.1）% vs.（ 78.7±0.8）%],差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论：PNU282987能抑制烧伤休克犬复苏时引起的脏器氧自由基生成,减轻组织水肿,具有潜在临床应用价值.     

Cardiorespiratory fitness is not associated with risk of venous thromboembolism: a cohort study

Abstract

Objectives. The inverse and independent association between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and arterial thrombotic disease is well established. However, the potential association between CRF and venous thromboembolism (VTE) is not well known. We aimed to assess the prospective association of CRF with the risk of VTE. Design. Cardiorespiratory fitness, as measured by maximal oxygen uptake (VO_2max), was assessed using a respiratory gas exchange analyser in 2,249 men aged 42–61 years without a history of VTE at baseline in the Kuopio Ischemic Heart Disease prospective cohort. Cox-regression models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for VTE. We corrected for within-person variability in CRF levels using data from repeat measurements taken several years apart. Results. There were 144 (6.4%) incident VTE events recorded during a median follow-up of 25.2 years. The age-adjusted regression dilution ratio of CRF was 0.58 (95% CI: 0.53–0.64). The risk of VTE did not significantly decrease per 1 standard deviation increase in CRF in age-adjusted analysis (HR 0.90; 95% CI 0.75–1.08). The association remained consistent in analyses adjusted for several established and emerging risk factors (HR 0.90; 95% CI 0.73–1.12). The corresponding adjusted HRs were 0.80 (95% CI: 0.52–1.23) and 0.82 (95% CI: 0.51–1.32) respectively, when comparing the extreme tertiles of CRF levels. Conclusions. In a middle-aged Caucasian male population, CRF was not associated with future risk of VTE. Further studies are required to confirm and to generalize these findings, particulary in women and other age groups.     

Quadriceps keystone island flap for radical inguinal lymphadenectomy: a reliable locoregional island flap for large groin defects

Background: Radical inguinal lymphadenectomy (RIL) for bulky metastatic melanoma and non‐melanoma skin cancers of the inguinal region, while shown to improve morbidity and survival oncologically, can result in substantial morbidity from wound complications. Skin defects cannot be closed primarily and the substantial dead space predisposes to seroma, wound dehiscence and infection. Despite the clear need for reconstructive options, extended series describing reconstruction of large inguinal defects in this setting have not been reported. Methods: A prospectively entered, retrospectively reviewed study of 20 consecutive patients undergoing quadriceps keystone island flaps (QKIF) for the closure of complicated inguinal defects is described. Results: There was 100% flap survival, with no partial or complete flap losses. A reduction in wound breakdown/dehiscence from reported rates was seen, with four patients (20%) having wound breakdown, compared to double that rate in reported series. Other wound complications comprised six patients (30%) with mild wound infections, seven patients (35%) with seromas and two patients (10%) with haematomas. Conclusion: The QKIF is an effective means of reconstructing inguinal defects after RIL, particularly in high‐risk patients, and is technically simpler than other reconstructive techniques advocated for this purpose. Furthermore, the QKIF offers patients with advanced disease (where management is primarily palliative) a potentially improved quality of life with reduced operative morbidity.