Safety of fluoxetine: Comparison with fluvoxamine

This review examines data on the safety of two 5-HT reuptake inhibitors, fluoxetine and fluvoxamine. A comparison of the spontaneous reports of suspected adverse reactions to each drug sent to the UK Committee on Safety of Medicines has been made. This does not reveal important differences in their safety profile.     

暗示对氟西汀疗效及副作用的影响

目的 :探讨暗示对氟西汀疗效及副作用的影响。方法 :对 32例抑郁症患者采用药物暗示法是为研究组 ,以 30例患者为对照组 ,用NOSIE评价临床疗效 ,用TESS评价药物副作用。结果 :两组患者在治疗前后NOSIE评分减分值及TESS总分差异均有显著性 (P <0 0 5 )。结论 :暗示可以提高氟西汀的疗效 ,降低其副作用     

A rest-activity biomarker to predict response to SSRIs in major depressive disorder

Most adults with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) will not experience a remission with the first antidepressant trial. No practical biomarkers presently exist to predict responsiveness to antidepressants. Herein we report pilot data for a rest-activity biomarker of antidepressant response.Fifty-eight medication-free adults with MDD underwent a week-long collection of actigraphic data before beginning a 9 week open label trial of fluoxetine, coupled with blinded randomized assignment to eszopiclone/placebo. Depression severity was repeatedly measured with the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD). Baseline actigraphic data was analyzed with functional data analysis to create smoothed 24-h curves of activity. The time of the lowest point of activity (the bathyphase) was calculated for each patient, as well the mean difference between bedtime and the bathyphase (BBD). At the end of treatment, patients were characterized as treatment responders (50% reduction in HRSD) or non-responders, and receiver operating curves were calculated to find the optimal cut point of the BBD for prediction of treatment response.The best cut point for BBD was at 260.2 min, resulting in an effect size of 1.45, and with a positive predictive value of 0.75 and a negative predictive value of 0.88.We conclude that actigraphically-determined measures of rest-activity patterns show promise as potential biomarker predictors of antidepressant response. However, this conclusion is based upon a small number of patients who received only one choice of antidepressant, for a single trial. Replication with a larger sample is needed.     

度洛西汀与氟西汀对首发抑郁症患者P300电位干预效果的比较

目的 比较度洛西汀与氟西汀对首发抑郁症患者疗效及认知功能的影响.方法 首发抑郁症患者74例随机分为度洛西汀组与氟西汀组,对两组在治疗前、治疗12周后进行P300及汉密尔顿抑郁量表的评定.与研究组性别、年龄匹配的正常人作对照,比较P300的变化.结果 与对照组相比,度洛西汀组与氟西汀组P300的P2、N2、P3潜伏期及反应时间明显延长,而P300的P2、N2、P3波幅降低,具有统计学差异;治疗后,度洛西汀组与氟西汀组P300的P2、N2、P3潜伏期及反应时间较治疗前减少且波幅升高,具有统计学差异;度洛西汀组与氟西汀组,P300指标的组间比较,无统计学差异.12周末,疗效比较无差异.治疗前后的P300潜伏期、波幅及反应时间均与其治疗前后HAMD评分无显著性相关性.结论 度洛西汀与氟西汀均能有效治疗首发抑郁患者,且具有改善其认知功能作用.     

右佐匹克隆联合盐酸氟西汀治疗脑卒中后抑郁的疗效分析

【目的】观察分析右佐匹克隆联合盐酸氟西汀治疗脑卒中后抑郁的临床疗效。【方法】选择本院自2009年12月至2013年10月收治入院的脑卒中后并发抑郁症（PSD）的患者74例,按用药方法为治疗组39例和对照组35例。治疗组给予右佐匹克隆合用抗抑郁药物盐酸氟西汀,对照组则单用氟西汀,连续服用6周。采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）、神经功能缺损评分表（NIHSS）和睡眠障碍量表（SDRS）评价疗效,副反应量表（TESS）评价不良反应。治疗前和治疗第2、4、6周后各评定一次。【结果】治疗组和对照组治疗后的HAMD、NIHSS和 SDRS评分较治疗前均有显著的下降（P＜0．05）;治疗组 HAMD和 NIHSS评分在治疗2周后的改善程度优于对照组,其差异具有统计学意义（P ＜0．05）;SDRS评分在各时点组间比较的差异均无统计学意义（P＞0．05）;治疗组总有效率优于对照组的总有效率（94．9％ vs 80．0％）,其差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）;两组不良反应发生率的差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。【结论】右佐匹克隆联合盐酸氟西汀治疗PSD疗效明显,见效快,耐受性较好,值得在临床上推广运用。     

Experimenter-defined quit dates for smoking cessation: adherence improves outcomes for women but not for men

Aims Smoking cessation treatment trials often require that smokers quit on or before a protocol‐defined date. The goals of this paper were to: (1) identify factors associated with adherence to a protocol‐defined quit date and (2) determine whether such adherence predicts cessation outcome (relapse). Design A quasi‐experimental secondary analysis of data collected from a randomized placebo‐controlled trial of fluoxetine (60 mg or 30 mg) versus placebo for smoking cessation. Setting and participants Clinic‐based smoking cessation treatment program comprising 989 non‐depressed smokers. Intervention Participants received cognitive behavioral therapy for smoking cessation and either study medication or placebo for 10 weeks. They were required to set a quit date within 2 weeks of their second study visit (by visit 4). Findings Significant predictors of quit date adherence were low nicotine dependence and active drug treatment. High‐dose fluoxetine (60 mg) and male gender were protective against relapse. Adherence to quit date was not an independent predictor of relapse; instead there was a significant interaction between quit date adherence and gender. Among non‐adherers to the quit date, women were more than 2.5 times as likely as men to relapse; among adherers to the quit date, women were only 1.3 times as likely as men to relapse. Conclusions Although women were more likely than men to relapse regardless of quit date adherence, adherence was strongly protective against relapse for women.     

A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, flexible-dose study of fluoxetine in the treatment of women with fibromyalgia

PURPOSE: To assess the efficacy of fluoxetine in the treatment of patients with fibromyalgia. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Sixty outpatients (all women, aged 21-71 years) with fibromyalgia were randomly assigned to receive fluoxetine (10-80 mg/d) or placebo for 12 weeks in a double-blind, parallel-group, flexible-dose study. The primary outcome measures were the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire total score (score range, 0 [no impact] to 80) and pain score (score range, 0-10). Secondary measures included the McGill Pain Questionnaire, change in the number of tender points, and total myalgic score. RESULTS: In the intent-to-treat analysis, women who received fluoxetine (mean [+/- SD] dose, 45 +/- 25 mg/d) had significant (P = 0.005) improvement in the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire total score compared with those who received placebo, with a difference of -12 (95% confidence interval [CI]: -19 to -4). They also had significant (P = 0.002) improvement in the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire pain score (difference, -2.2 [95% CI: -3.6 to -0.9]), as well as in the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire fatigue (P = 0.05) and depression (P = 0.01) scores and the McGill Pain Questionnaire (P = 0.01), when compared with subjects who received placebo. Although counts for the number of tender points and total myalgic scores improved more in the fluoxetine group than in the placebo group, these differences were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: In a 12-week, flexible-dose, placebo-controlled trial, fluoxetine was found to be effective on most outcome measures and generally well tolerated in women with fibromyalgia.     

Fluoxetine Attenuates Adrenocortical but Not Subjective Responses to Cocaine Cues

Preclinical data suggest a link between stress reactivity and cocaine self‐administration by rodents. Serotonin appears to modulate the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal (HPA) axis. We studied the effects of chronic treatment with the serotonin reuptake inhibitor fluoxetine 40 mg/day on subjective and hormonal responses to cocaine cues in 22 subjects participating in a controlled clinical trial for cocaine dependence. Fluoxetine antagonized the cue‐induced increase in cortisol but increased subjects' ratings of the likelihood of cocaine use in response to cocaine cues. Cortisol response to cocaine cues was not related to subjective craving. Activation of the HPA axis by cocaine cues does not appear to be a necessary mediator of cue‐induced craving.     

Effect of fluoxetine on the spontaneous electrical activity of fronto-cortical neurons

The effect of fluoxetine on spontaneous extracellular activity of fronto-cortical neurons of chloral hydrate-anesthetized rats was investigated. Fluoxetine significantly increased the basal firing rate of cortical neurons in a dose-dependent manner (0.1–1000 μg kg⁻¹ i.v.), with a maximum excitatory effect of 53% at 1000 μg kg⁻¹. Selective destruction of ascending serotoninergic pathways induced by intracerebroventricular injections of 150 μg 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine, in desipramine-pretreated rats, antagonized the excitatory effect of fluoxetine. The present results suggest that fluoxetine significantly increases the electrical activity of the fronto-cortical neurons acting on serotoninergic uptake mechanisms localized at the level of raphe nuclei.     

A double blind comparison of the effects of fluoxetine and amitriptyline on cognitive function in elderly depressed patients

Sixty-six elderly depressed patients received fluoxetine 20 mg (FLU) or amitriptyline 75 mg (AMI) for 42 days in a double blind parallel group study. Each week, subjects completed a test battery which is sensitive to the residual effects of psychoactive drugs. The results show that FLU and AMI were equally effective in relieving depression. However, the psychometric test battery showed that, compared to FLU, AMI, as expected, produced impairments in cognitive function and psychomotor performance. The relative impairment of cognitive and psychomotor skills following the tricyclic AMI and the lack of such activity after administration of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibition, FLU are important considerations when prescribing antidepressants, especially when the safety and well being of ambulant patients is essential.