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排序方式: 共有1058条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
11.
Two sets of experiments were carried out to compare the effects of fenfluramine and fluoxetine on consummatory and operant behaviour. In food-deprived rats allowed access to a 35% sucrose solution, an initial period of sucrose consumption was followed by a short period of grooming and exploratory behaviour, later superceded by resting. This behavioural satiety sequence was advanced by fluoxetine, but disrupted bydl-fenfluramine, which suppressed post-prandial resting, even at sub-anorectic doses. Fluoxetine also elicited resting behaviour following water drinking. However, this did not appear to be a non-specific sedative effect, since fluoxetine increased post-prandial grooming. In rats performing on random interval schedules of food reinforcement, fluoxetine caused proportionally greater decreases in responding on a reinforcement-lean schedule (RI-300s), as compared to a reinforcement-rich schedule (RI-7.5s); this effect is similar to that of a reduction in level of food deprivation. By contrast, fenfluramine reduced responding equally on both schedules. In both paradigms, the effects of fluoxetine were compatible with an increase in postprandial satiety, but the effects of fenfluramine were not. 相似文献
12.
目的探讨百忧解治疗痉挛性斜颈的疗效和机理.方法分析6例痉挛性斜颈的治疗过程.结果6例病人应用百忧解治疗均有效果.结论百忧解治疗痉挛性斜颈是有效的,其发病可能与5-羟色胺浓度降低有关. 相似文献
13.
Esa-Pekka Pälvimäki Aki Laakso Mikko Kuoppamäki Erkka Syvälahti Jarmo Hietala 《Psychopharmacology》1994,115(4):543-546
Quantitative receptor autoradiography was used to study the effects of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors citalopram and fluoxetine and the tricyclic antidepressant imipramine on the regulation of 1-adrenergic receptors in the rat brain. Rats were treated with saline, citalopram (10 mg kg–1), fluoxetine (10 mg kg–1), or imipramine (15 mg kg–1) SC once daily for 14 days. [125I]Iodocyanopindolol binding to 1-adrenergic receptors was found to increase significantly in the caudate-putamen and the somatosensory areas of the frontal cortex after both citalopram and fluoxetine treatments. Imipramine treatment elicited a marked decrease in 1 binding in the outer laminae of the cingulate cortex, as well as in the motor and somatosensory areas of the frontal cortex. In a separate experiment, rats were treated with saline, citalopram (2.5, 10 and 20 mg kg–1) or fluoxetine (2.5, 10 and 20 mg kg–1) SC once daily for 14 days. The effects of citalopram and fluoxetine on 1 receptors in the somatosensory cortex and caudate-putamen were replicated. These results demonstrate that chronic administration of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, in contrast to imipramine, can cause a regional up-regulation of 1-adrenergic receptors in the rat brain. 相似文献
14.
Emmanuel Le Poul Nora Laaris Edith Doucet Anne-Marie Laporte Michel Hamon Laurence Lanfumey 《Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology》1995,352(2):141-148
Electrophysiological and autoradiographic approaches were used to assess possible changes in 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) 5-HT1A receptors in the rat dorsal raphe nucleus after a subchronic treatment with fluoxetine or paroxetine, two specific serotonin reuptake inhibitors with antidepressant properties. Fluoxetine or paroxetine were injected daily (5 mg/kg, i.p.) for various time periods up to 21 days. Electrophysiological recordings performed 24 h after the last injection showed that the potency of the 5HT1A receptor agonist, 8-OH-DPAT, to depress the firing of serotoninergic neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus within brain stem slices was significantly reduced as early as after a 3-day treatment with either drug. The proportion of recorded neurons showing desensitization of somatodendritic 5-HT1A autoreceptors increased along the treatment from 40% on the 3rd day to 60–80% on the 21st day. At no time during the treatment, was the specific binding of [3H]8-OHDPAT (agonist radioligand) or [3H] WAY-100 635 (antagonist radioligand) to 5-HT1A receptors modified in the dorsal raphe nucleus or in other brain areas, suggesting that neither the density nor the coupling of these receptors to G-proteins were probably altered in rats injected with fluoxetine or paroxetine for up to 21 days.These results show that adaptive desensitization of somatodendritic 5-HT1A autoreceptors within the dorsal raphe nucleus can already be detected after a 3-day treatment with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Rather than the desensitization per se, it may be the progressive increase in the number of serotoninergic neurons with desensitized 5-HT1A autoreceptors which plays a critical role in the (slowly developing) antidepressant action of these drugs. 相似文献
15.
16.
Serotonergic mediation of the effects of fluoxetine, but not desipramine, in the rat forced swimming test 总被引:3,自引:3,他引:0
Rationale: The forced swimming test (FST) is a behavioral test in rodents that predicts the clinical efficacy of many types of antidepressant
treatments. Recently, a behavior sampling technique was developed that scores individual response categories, including swimming,
climbing and immobility. Although all antidepressant drugs reduce immobility in the FST, at least two distinct active behavioral
patterns are produced by pharmacologically selective antidepressant drugs. Serotonin-selective reuptake inhibitors increase
swimming behavior, while drugs acting primarily to increase extracellular levels of norepinephrine or dopamine increase climbing
behavior. Distinct patterns of active behaviors in the FST may be mediated by distinct neurotransmitters, but this has not
been shown directly. Objectives: The present study examined the role of serotonin in mediating active behaviors in the forced swimming test after treatment
with two antidepressant drugs, the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, fluoxetine and the selective norepinephrine reuptake
inhibitor, desipramine. Methods: Endogenous serotonin was depleted by administering para-cholorophenylalanine (PCPA, 150 mg/kg, IP.) to rats 72 h and 48 h
prior to the swim test. Fluoxetine (10 mg/kg, SC) or desipramine (10 mg/kg, SC) was given three times over a 24-h period prior
to the FST. Behavioral responses, including immobility, swimming and climbing, were counted during the 5-min test. Results: Pretreatment with PCPA blocked fluoxetine-induced reduction in immobility and increase in swimming behavior during the FST.
In contrast, PCPA pretreatment did not interfere with the ability of desipramine to reduce immobility and increase climbing
behavior. Conclusions: Depletion of serotonin prevented the behavioral effects of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor fluoxetine in the rat
FST. Furthermore, depletion of serotonin had no impact on the behavioral effects induced by the selective norepinephrine reuptake
inhibitor, desipramine. The effects of antidepressant drugs on FST-induced immobility may be exerted by distinguishable contributions
from different neurotransmitter systems.
Received: 4 February 1999 / Final version: 2 June 1999 相似文献
17.
Cavazzuti E Bertolini A Vergoni AV Arletti R Poggioli R Forgione A Benelli A 《Psychopharmacology》1999,143(1):20-23
Antidepressant drugs are effective in anxiety states, including panic disorder. Both clinical and animal studies indicate
that l-sulpiride, at low, non-neuroleptic doses, has antidepressant activity. The present study examined the effect of an antidepressant
dose of l-sulpiride (4 mg/kg per day SC), compared with a well-established antidepressant drug (fluoxetine, 3 mg/ kg per day SC), in
a rat model of anticipatory anxiety/panic behavior: conditioned fear stress-induced freezing behavior. Long-term (26 days)
administration of l-sulpiride almost completely abolished freezing, a similar effect being produced by fluoxetine (freezing duration, in seconds:
controls, 148.1 ± 29.6; l-sulpiride, 27.5 ± 8.3; fluoxetine, 72.0 ± 15.2). The same doses of l-sulpiride (4 mg/kg SC) and fluoxetine (3 mg/kg SC) had no effect when administered for shorter periods (1, 5, or 12 days).
No effect was produced by the long-term (26 days) administration of a neuroleptic dose of l-sulpiride (20 mg/kg per day SC). These results demonstrate that long-term administration of low, non-neuroleptic doses of
l-sulpiride, is highly effective in an animal model of anticipatory anxiety/panic behavior.
Received: 13 March 1998/Final version: 23 July 1998 相似文献
18.
The effects of the biogenic amine reuptake inhibitors fluoxetine, clomipramine and imipramine on the behaviour of rats after chronic treatment with
9 tetrahydrocannabinol (
9-THC) for 5 and 10 days were examined. Rats with permanently in-dwelling IV cannulae were injected twice daily with doses of
9-THC (2–6 mg/kg).
9-THC treatment reduced the rate of body weight gain and induced the typical biphasic modifications of behaviour. Tolerance developed to both of these effects. On days 6 and 11 of the experiment, rats were injected IP with 15 mg/kg imipramine HCl, clomipramine HCl or fluoxetine HCl, and behaviour, consisting of writhes, backward kicks, jumps and wet shakes, was observed for the next 30 min. Each of the amine reuptake inhibitors induced changes in behaviour, the severity of which appeared to correlate with their ability to inhibit the reuptake of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT). It is suggested that tryptaminergic mechanisms are involved in the production of a withdrawal-like behaviour after chronic
9-THC treatment. 相似文献
19.
20.
绝经期抑郁症3种治疗方案的比较 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的:探讨氟西汀联合结合雌激素加甲羟孕酮(倍美盈),治疗绝经期抑郁症的疗效。方法:将106例绝经期抑郁症的妇女随机分3组。合用组39例:每日口服倍美盈和氟西汀各1粒:氟西汀组36例:每日口服氟西汀1粒;激素补充治疗(HRT)组31例:每日口服倍美盈1粒。疗程均8周。采用Ham ilton抑郁量表(HAMD)评价抑郁严重程度,采用Kupper-m an评分指数(KM l)评价绝经期症状。结果:治疗前后合用组、氟西汀组、HRT组HAMD总分分别为(23.01±3.54)、(4.98±4.48),(23.02±4.38)、(6.97±5.44),(23.04±4.56)、(10.01±5.75)。治疗后与治疗前比较3组总分均下降,差异有非常显著性(P<0.01)。治疗前后合用组、氟西汀组、HRT组KM I评分指数分别为(32.10±7.42)、(7.57±4.64),(31.83±7.65)、(16.09±6.06),(32.01±7.29)、(9.70±7.02),治疗后与治疗前比较3组总分均下降,差异有非常显著性(P<0.001)。但合用组和HRT组与氟西汀组比较减分率更高,差异有非常显著性(P<0.01)。结论:合用氟西汀和倍美盈治疗发生于绝经期的抑郁症,可以显著提高对抑郁症状的疗效。 相似文献