首次自杀未遂者和重复自杀未遂者的对照研究

目的探讨首次自杀未遂者和重复自杀未遂者的区别.方法检查126名因自杀未遂而入院的患者,分为首次自杀未遂组和重复自杀未遂组,获得有关的临床资料并进行自杀意图及自杀企图冲动性和致死性的测定,将有关项目作对比分析.结果有51(40.5%)名重复自杀未遂者,与首次自杀未遂者比较,重复自杀未遂者已婚居多、文化程度较低、缺乏固定的经济收入、有较多的既往精神科治疗史、常饮酒、企图自杀前与他人交流少,自杀意图较低,冲动性较高(P均＜0.05).结论对伴有某些危险因素的自杀未遂者应积极进行医学干预,以期减少自杀行为的再次发生.     

光动力学疗法与局部化疗联合治疗进展期食管贲门癌

作应用光动力学疗法（ＰＤＴ）对进展期食管贲门癌５５例进行治疗，并对其中１５例联合应用内镜下局部注射抗癌药物。对每一患均先静脉滴注血卟啉衍生物（ＨＰＤ）５ｍｇ／ｋｇ，于用药后２４，４８和７２ｈ分别用波长６３０ｎｍ的铜蒸汽激光照射肿瘤部位。联合治疗组除ＰＤＴ治疗外，于每次光照前肿瘤局部注射５－Ｆｕ２５０～５００ｍｇ。结果：联合治疗组的近期显效率高于单纯ＰＤＴ组（Ｐ〈０．０５）。病例随访６～１６月，     

第一掌背动脉双叶皮瓣在手外科中的应用

我们设计主要以第1掌背动脉为蒂的手背双叶皮瓣,同时修复两个部位的手部皮肤缺损和拇指再造,共10例均获成功。皮瓣面积最小10cm×3cm,最大13cm×5cm,蒂宽1.5cm×2.5cm。皮瓣每叶面积最小为3.5cm×2cm,最大6cm×3cm。文中介绍了本皮瓣的解剖学基础,并对其手术适应证和优缺点进行了讨论。     

Plasma concentrations and bioavailability of propranolol by oral, rectal, and intravenous administration in man

Eight normal male volunteers received 80 mg doses of propranolol by the oral and rectal routes and 2.2 mg by intravenous administration in a crossover fashion. Plasma concentrations of propranolol were measured by a gas chromatographic method using an electron capture detector. Individual subject concentration-time data were analysed and results indicated that the data fit a two compartment model with first order absorption. An approximately two-fold higher plasma propranolol concentration was observed after rectal administration as compared with oral dosing. Statistical analysis of the difference in the total AUCs indicates a significantly higher bioavailability of propranolol administered by the rectal route. The reduced bioavailability after oral administration indicates a substantial first pass effect but that it is possible to bypass the liver, at least partially, by giving the drug rectally to man.     

农村公共卫生投融资机制存在的问题及对策

当前,农村公共卫生投融资规模不能适应农村居民的卫生服务需要,投融资结构不合理,致使投融资效果不佳,不利于农村卫生事业的发展。为此,需要从四个方面改革农村公共卫生投融资机制:一是要建立健全国家财政投资保障制度,发挥财政在农村公共卫生投资中的主体作用;二是要改革运行模式,拓宽融资渠道;三是要改善投资结构,优化资源配置;四是要创新管理体制,提高农村公共卫生服务能力。     

以杯[4]芳烃衍生物为载体的钾离子选择电极的研究

目的：研制新的以杯[4]芳烃衍生物为载体的PVC膜钾离子选择电极。方法：以3种杯[4]芳烃衍生物为载体，癸二酸二辛酯或邻苯二甲酸二辛酯为增塑剂，四（4－氯）苯硼钾为离子定域体制得了PVC膜钾离子选择电极，测试了该类电极对钾离子的响应性能和对7种阳离子的选择性系数。结果：以5，11，17，23－四叔丁基－25，26，27，28－四[2-(乙氧基羰基）苄氧基]杯[4]芳烃为载体所制得的电极（电极Ⅰ）对钾离子有良好的能斯特响应，该电极的选择性系数优于电极Ⅱ和Ⅲ。分别用电极Ⅰ，Ⅱ，Ⅲ对青霉素V钾中的钾含量进行了测定，其结果均与原子吸收法基本一致。结论：所制得的上述电极是一类新的钾离子选择电极，有实用价值。     

Synthesis and cytotoxic activity of new alkyl[3-(2-chloroethyl)ureido]benzene derivatives

Several alkyl[3-(2-chloroethyl)ureido] (CEU) benzene derivatives were prepared as potential anticancer agents. These new compounds were readily prepared in good yields by addition of anilines to 2-chloroethylisocyanate. Their cytotoxic activity was evaluated on human breast cancer (MDA-MB-231), human colon adenocarcinoma (LoVo) and mouse lymphocytic leukemia (P388D₁) tumor cell lines. Several new CEUs were significantly more cytotoxic than the nitrogen mustard chlorambucil. The biological activity of these aromatic urea derivatives seems to be related to the nature and position of the alkyl substituents on the aromatic ring. Substitution by branched alkyl groups on position 4 of the aromatic ring led to cytotoxic molecules which are up to 5 times more potent than the standard chlorambucil.     

人膀胱癌光动力学治疗的电镜观察

电镜观察15例光动力学治疗前后膀胱移行细胞癌的活检材料,证实此治疗对膀胱癌有显著作用。肿瘤组织内的毛细血管对光动力学作用最为敏感,照光20min后即出现明显损伤,24h后,毛细血管几乎完全坏死崩解。癌细胞的破坏出现较晚,迟于毛细血管。治疗4d后肿瘤组织水肿、出血,几全部坏死。治疗21～80d后,瘤床仍水肿并有出血及坏死物质复盖。表明血管的结构损伤与功能障碍在肿瘤光动力学治疗机理中起主要作用。     

Structural variations in the crystal structures of two homologous DL-Leu and Δ-Leu containing peptides+

The similar conformations and interaction modes of Ac-DL-Leu-Nme₂ and Ac-Δ-Leu-NMe₂ molecules in the solid state allow the comparison of their geometrical parameters. The most evident variations are essentially restricted to the α,β-unsaturated side-chain which adopts the Z-disposition. The dimensions of the peptide backbone are much less sensitive to α,β-unsaturation, with a small shortening by 0.04 Å and 0.02 Å of the N-C^α and C^α-C′ bonds, respectively, and an increase by 6° of the N-C^α- C′ bond angle. The ethylenic and amide groups in the Δ-Leu derivative are far from coplanarity, and a significant electronic conjugation of the π-orbital is likely to be rejected.     

一阶导数光谱法测定丙吡胺尿药浓度及其缓释片的相对生物利用度

本文报道了用导数光谱法测定磷酸丙吡胺的尿药浓度,本方法能消除尿中杂质干扰,测定结果准确。6名受试者交叉口服磷酸丙吡胺缓释片和普通片,测得尿药浓度计算消除速度常数K,排泄速率(Δx/Δt)_(max) 所需时间,证明缓稀片药物排泄慢,药效维持时间长,且缓释片的相对生物利用度与普通片基本相同。